scholarly journals Muliple Sclerosis, Corpus Callosum & Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Khin Maung Bo
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Seizure Attack ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Two Populations

There is a difference in prevalence of Epilepsy in General population & MS patients. Interical Epileptiform Discharges (IED) positivity in EEG is also different in the above two populations. Demyelination slows down the conduction speed of axons and author is proposing that different speed of conduction in adjacent axons can generate re-entrant circuits. If the reentrant circuits involve Corpus callosum (CC) fibers, seizure activities of MS can be triggered. DBS applied to CC can terminate the seizure attack of MS like Vagal Nerve Simulator (VNS) in terminating seizure in general population.

scholarly journals Effect of chronic vagal nerve stimulation on interictal epileptiform discharges

Seizure ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 352-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kuba ◽  
David Nesvadba ◽  
Milan Brázdil ◽  
Hana Ošlejšková ◽  
Michal Ryzí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Vagal Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Interictal Epileptiform Discharges

scholarly journals Comparative Trends in the Distribution of Lung Cancer Stage at Diagnosis in the Department of Defense Cancer Registry and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data, 1989–2012

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. e2044-e2048
Author(s):  
Joel A Nations ◽  
Derek W Brown ◽  
Stephanie Shao ◽  
Craig D Shriver ◽  
Kangmin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Introduction We compared the stage at diagnosis for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in the military healthcare system (MHS) and the general public to assess differences between these two groups as well as to assess the trends in stage at diagnosis in the recent past. Method This study was based on the non-identifiable data from the U.S. Department of Defense Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute. Patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 1989 and 2012 were included. The distributions of tumor stage at diagnosis and trends in tumor stage were compared between the two populations. Results The cohorts were predominately male in both ACTUR (65.3%) and SEER (55.1%) and white patients accounted for greater than 80% of patients in both ACTUR and SEER. Among 21,031 patients in ACTUR and 773,356 patients in SEER, stage IV lung cancers predominated (ACTUR 33.6%, SEER 40.5%) followed by stage III (ACTUR 26.1%, SEER 26.4%) and stage I (ACTUR 24.7%, SEER 20.6%). Notable differences between the two populations were the higher percentage of stage I and lower percentage of stage IV, along with a lower rate of unknown stage patients after 2004, in ACTUR than SEER. Between 1989 and 2012, the percentage of stage IV disease increased in ACTUR and SEER coincident with a decrease in unknown stage disease. Conclusions The majority of NSCLC patients in the MHS and general population are diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC and the percentage is increasing. Compared to the general population, NSCLC patients in the MHS have a higher percentage of stage I, a lower percentage of stage IV, and of unknown stage cancer. Universal care along with more rigorous staging across the MHS may play a role in these findings.

scholarly journals Effect of Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Interictal Epileptiform Discharges: A Scalp EEG Study

Epilepsia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1181-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kuba ◽  
Markéta Guzaninová ◽  
Milan Brázdil ◽  
Zdenĕk Novák ◽  
Jan Chrastina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Vagal Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Interictal Epileptiform Discharges

scholarly journals Health indicators of the National Roma Integration Strategy in Spain in the years 2006 and 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-910
Author(s):  
Daniel La Parra-Casado ◽  
Javier Arza-Porras ◽  
Jesús Francisco Estévez
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Inequalities In Health ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
Integration Strategy ◽  
Integration Strategies ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Background In 2011, the European Commission adopted the European framework for the National Roma Integration Strategies (NRISs) 2020, which focussed on four areas: education, employment, health and housing. In 2012 Spain approved its Strategy 2012–20, one of the central aims of which is to reduce social inequalities in health that affect the Roma population. Our objective was to analyze changes in health inequalities between the Roma population and the general population in Spain in the years 2006 and 2014. Methods The Spanish National Health Surveys (NHSs) 2006 (n = 29 478) and 2012 (n = 20 884) and the NHS of the Spanish Roma Population 2006 (n = 933) and 2014 (n = 1155) were compared. This study considered the variables included in NRIS 2012–20: self-perceived health, tobacco use in men, traffic accidents in men and women, obesity in women and gynaecological visits. Results Despite the adoption of the NRIS 2012–20, there were no observed improvements in health between 2006 and 2014 in the Roma population. Nor was there a reduction in inequalities in health concerning the general population in Spain. Also, there was no reduction in the health inequalities by gender for the two populations. Conclusions Health is determined in part by social factors including education, employment, housing and also by anti-Roma discourses and discrimination. Improving the health of the Roma population requires a multi-sectoral approach with a gender perspective.

Perceived Sources of Loneliness of Incarcerated Men

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 643-654
Author(s):  
Ami Rokach ◽  
Spomenka Koledin
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Incarcerated Men ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Voluntary Basis

The present study examined the influence of incarceration on sources of loneliness. It was hypothesized that incarcerated offenders would perceive the causes of their loneliness differently than a general population sample. 145 male offenders and 112 men from the general population who were recruited on a voluntary basis, reported the sources of their loneliness on a 15-item (yes/no) questionnaire. Analysis indicated a significant difference in the perceived sources of loneliness amongst the two populations. Also duration of loneliness, i.e., chronic vs episodic, was associated with perception of its causes.

scholarly journals Reiterating the role of corpus callosum in generalization of interictal and ictal epileptiform discharges: a case report with post-callosotomy intracranial electroencephalography in Lennox–Gastaut syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
S. Gopinath ◽  
A. Pillai ◽  
A. G. Diwan ◽  
J. V. Pattisapu ◽  
K. Radhakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Epileptic Encephalopathy ◽  
Drop Attacks ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Interictal Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intracranial Electroencephalography ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is an epileptic encephalopathy characterized by delayed mental development and intractable multiple seizure types, predominantly tonic. Drop attacks are the commonest and the most disabling type of seizures. Resective surgery is often not possible in LGS as the electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities are usually multifocal and generalized, and magnetic resonance image is often either normal or multilesional. We report a case of LGS with bilateral parieto-occipital gliosis where EEG before and after callosotomy demonstrated synchronized bilateral interictal epileptiform discharges and ictal discharges becoming desynchronized and running down. This phenomenon emphasizes the role of the corpus callosum in secondary bilateral synchrony.

scholarly journals Loneliness of the Blind and the Visually Impaired

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Rokach ◽  
David Berman ◽  
Alison Rose
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Social Inadequacy ◽  
Two Populations

Loneliness has been termed a social epidemic, especially when experienced by people with disabilities. In order to better understand how loneliness is experienced in vulnerable populations, the present study compared the qualitative dimensions of loneliness of the blind and visually impaired with the general population not on the frequency or intensity of their loneliness, but on its qualitative aspects. One hundred and eighty-seven participants responded to a questionnaire which measured the qualitative aspects of loneliness on five subscales: Emotional distress, social inadequacy, Growth and discovery, social isolation, and emotional alienation. Results indicated that as expected, the two populations differed significantly in their scores on four of the five subscales (except emotional alienation), but in the opposite direction of what was expected. That may indicate that the visually impaired person’s ability to transcend their blindness, and connect with those around them, and the larger society, in different—and not necessarily less meaningful-manner than the seeing general population. As expected, the visually impaired scored significantly higher than the general population on the Growth and development subscale.

Abdominal Epilepsy Treated With Vagal Nerve Stimulation: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. E73-E76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L Kraimer ◽  
Ryan B Kochanski ◽  
Fiona Lynn ◽  
Michael Smith ◽  
Sepehr Sani
Keyword(s):  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Vagal Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Seizure Reduction ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanism

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Abdominal epilepsy is a rare seizure disorder characterized by episodic gastrointestinal symptoms with electroencephalogram abnormalities. It is typically well treated with anti-epileptic medications; however, little is known about treatment of refractory cases. CLINICAL PRESENTATION The patient is a 16-yr-old male who began experiencing episodic abdominal pain and distension at the age of 2. After undergoing an extensive negative gastrointestinal workup, he was referred for neurological examination. The patient's examination and brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal, but epileptiform discharges were noted on the electroencephalogram. He initially failed treatment with several anti-epileptic medications but achieved seizure control with lamotrigine for 10 yr. However, his seizure frequency increased at age 15 and vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) was proposed for treatment. He underwent VNS placement surgery and experienced significant seizure reduction. By 22 mo postsurgery, he had experienced 11 total seizures compared to his preoperative seizure frequency of 16 seizures per month. Additionally, the patient's neuropsychological testing postsurgery demonstrated improvements in verbal reasoning and reading comprehension in comparison to presurgical testing. CONCLUSION VNS has been used to treat intractable, nonfocal epilepsy although the therapeutic mechanism remains poorly understood. This case demonstrates utility of VNS for the treatment of abdominal epilepsy that remains refractory to pharmacotherapy.

scholarly journals Brechas de equidad: análisis de la información sociodemográfica de la población indígena

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Stella Maris Orzuza
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Em 12 ◽  
The Postponement ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Objetivo: caracterizar socio-demográficamente a la población indígena residente en la provincia de Santa Fe de Argentina. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo de las variables investigadas en la población indígena residente en la provincia de Santa Fe en Argentina, con base en la información recopilada en los Censos Nacionales de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2001 y 2010 en la República Argentina. La población fue indagada a través de encuestas domiciliarias. Su pertenencia étnica fue determinada por autoadscripción. Se encuestaron 368.893 hogares en el relevamiento censal 2010. Resultados: la proporción de la población indígena en Argentina respecto al conjunto,  representa menos del 3% y se está reduciendo. Por otra parte se estableció que mientras que para el total nacional la población de 65 años o más, representa cerca del 10%, con un punto más elevado en la provincia de estudio, para los pueblos originarios de esta provincia la cifra no supera el 7%. Según el último relevamiento censal el hacinamiento se ha reducido menos aceleradamente en la población indígena que en la población general de la provincia aumentando la brecha entre ambas poblaciones. En cuanto a la calidad de las viviendas donde habita la población indígena se observa que un 29,5%  son deficitarias, superando en 12 puntos a la media nacional. Conclusiones: El análisis de la información sociodemográfica de la población indígena deja en evidencia la postergación y situación de desventaja de esta población en relación a los totales nacionales y provinciales para la población general.PALABRAS CLAVES: demografía, determinantes sociales de la salud, población indígena, política de salud Equity gaps: analysis of socio-demographic information concerning to indigenous populationABSTRACTObjective: to characterize socio-demographically to the indigenous population living in the province of Santa Fe in Argentina. Materials and Methods: it was conducted  a descriptive statistical analysis of the inquired  variables in the indigenous population who live in  the province of Santa Fe in Argentina by the National Census of Population and Housing 2001 and 2010 in Argentina, comparatively with the general population. The population was inquired through household surveys and determined the belonging ethnicity by auto registration. 368.893 households were inquired in the census survey 2010. Results: The magnitude of the indigenous population in Argentina represents less than 3% of the population and it is decreasing day by day. While the national total population , older than 65 years represent about 10%, with a higher point in the province of this study, for the indigenous people from  this province the number does not exceed 7%. According to the latest census survey overcrowding has fallen less rapidly among the indigenous population than in the general population of the province increasing the gap between the two populations. In relation with the quality of housing where the indigenous population lives.  It shows that 29.5% of houses are deficient for the whole country, surpassing by 12 points the national average of substandard housing. Conclusions: The analysis of the socio-demographic information about the indigenous population shows the postponement and disadvantage of this population in relation to national and provincial totals for the general population. KEYWORDS: demographics, social determinants of health, indigenous population, health policy. Lacunas equidade: análise de informações sociodemográficas da população indígenaRESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar sócio-demograficamente o indígena população que vive na província de Santa Fe, na Argentina. Materiais e Métodos: a análise estatística descritiva das variáveis indagadas a população indígena que vive na província de Santa Fe, na Argentina pelo Censo Nacional da População e Habitação 2001 e 2010 na Argentina, em comparação com a população em geral foi realizado . A população foi investigado em através de inquéritos aos agregados familiares e determinados por etnia autoadcripción. 368 893 famílias no recenseamento perguntou 2010. Resultados: o tamanho da população indígena na Argentina representa menos de 3% da população está encolhendo. Enquanto a população total nacional de 65 anos e representa cerca de 10%, com um ponto mais alto na província de estudo, para os povos indígenas desta província o número não superior a 7%. Segundo o último levantamento censitário superlotação ele caiu menos rapidamente entre a população indígena que na população em geral da província aumentou o fosso entre as duas populações. Quanto à qualidade da habitação onde a população indígena mostra que 29,5% das casas são deficientes para todo o país, superando em 12 pontos do que a média nacional de habitações precárias. Conclusões: a análise das informações sociodemográfico sobre a população indígena mostra o adiamento e desvantagem desta população em relação aos totais nacionais e provinciais para a população em geral. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: demografia, determinantes sociais da saúde, política de saúde da população indígena.

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