scholarly journals Comparative Study of Municipal Solid Waste Fuel and Refuse Derived Fuel in the Gasification Process Using Multi Stage Downdraft Gasifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Sigit Mujiarto ◽  
Bambang Sudarmanta ◽  
Hamzah Fansuri ◽  
Arif Rahman Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

Municipal solid waste (MSW)  is a type of general waste that includes households, traditional markets, commercial areas, and the rest from public facilities, schools, offices, roads, and so on. Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is obtained from the remnants of MSW which cannot be used anymore, which is flammable waste and is separated from parts that are difficult to burn through the process of chopping, sifting, and air classification. RDF has potential as an alternative energy source. In this study, RDF fuel was compared with MSW fuel both by proximate and calorific value, then the gasification process was carried out using a multi-stage downdraft gasifier to see gasification performance indicators such as syngas composition, LHV, cold gas efficiency, and tar concentration. The results showed that the gasification performance indicator for MSW biomass resulted in the syngas composition of CO = 19.08% v, H2 = 10.89% v, and CH4 = 1.54% v. The calorific value (Low Heating Value, LHV ) of syngas is 4,137 kJ/kg, cold gas efficiency is 70.14%, and tar content is 57.29 mg/Nm3. Meanwhile, RDF obtained the composition of CO gas: 18.68% v, H2: 9.5446% v, and CH4: 0% v. The maximum LHV syngas is 3365.08 kJ/kg, cold gas efficiency is 57.19 % and the smallest tar content is 80.24 mg/Nm3. When compared to RDF, MSW produces a better gasification performance indicator. However, RDF can still be used as an alternative energy source using the gasification process. The results of this study can be used to optimize the further RDF gasification process.

scholarly journals Modelling and experimental analysis of a small-scale olive pomace gasifier for cogeneration applications: A techno-economic assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
João Cardoso ◽  
Valter Silva ◽  
Daniela Eusébio ◽  
Tiago Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Brito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

A 2-D numerical simulation approach was implemented to describe the gasification process of olive pomace in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The numerical model was validated under experimental gasification runs performed in a 250 kWth quasi-industrial biomass gasifier. The producer gas composition, H2/CO ratio, CH4/H2 ratio, cold gas efficiency and tar content were evaluated. The most suitable applications for the potential use of olive pomace as an energy source in Portugal were assessed based on the results. A techno-economic study and a Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis were performed to assess the feasibility and foresee the main investment risks in conducting olive pomace gasification in small facilities. Results indicated that olive pomace gasification is more suitable for domestic purposes. The low cold gas efficiency of the process (around 20%) turns the process more appropriate for producer gas production in small cogeneration facilities. Olive pomace gasification solutions showed viable economic performance in small cogeneration solutions for agriculture waste-to-energy recovery in olive oil agriculture cooperatives. However, the slender profitability may turn the project unattractive for most investors from a financial standpoint.

A Novel Coal Gasification System Through Thermochemical Regenerative Process of Syngas Sensible Heat to Enhance Cold Gas Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Sheng Li ◽  
Lin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Gasification Technology ◽  
Cold Gas

In this paper, a novel coal gasification technology used for Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plants is proposed, in which a regenerative unit is applied to recover syngas sensible heat to generate steam and then the high temperature steam is used to gasify coke from pyrolyzer. Through such a thermochemical regenerative unit, the sensible heat with lower energy level is upgraded into syngas chemical energy with higher energy level, and therefore a higher cold gas efficiency (CGE) is expected. The Aspen Plus Software is selected to simulate the novel coal gasification system. Then the exergy and Energy-Utilization Diagram (EUD) analyses are applied to disclose the plant performance enhancement mechanism. It reveals that 83.2% of syngas sensible heat can be recovered into steam agent and so the CGE is upgraded to 90%. And with the enhancement of CGE, the efficiency of an IGCC plant based on the novel gasification system can be as high as 51.82%, showing a significant improvement compared to 45.2% in a Texaco coal gasification based plant. At the same time, the exergy destruction of gasification process is reduced from 132.5MW to 98.4MW through thermochemical reactions. Lift of accepted energy level (Aea), and decrease of released energy level (Aed) and heat absorption (ΔH) contribute to the exergy destruction reduction in the gasification process. Additionally, since oxygen agent is no longer used in the IGCC, 34.5MW exergy loss in the air separation unit is avoided. Thereby the novel coal gasification technology proposed in this paper has a good thermodynamic performance and may provide a quite promising way for high efficient and clean coal utilization.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analysis of Different Parameters on the Performance of a CHP Internal Combustion Engine System Fed by a Biomass Waste Gasifier

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Villarini ◽  
Vera Marcantonio ◽  
Andrea Colantoni ◽  
Enrico Bocci
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

The present paper presents a study of biomass waste to energy conversion using gasification and internal combustion engine for power generation. The biomass waste analyzed is the most produced on Italian soil, chosen for suitable properties in the gasification process. Good quality syngas with up to 16.1% CO–4.3% CH4–23.1% H2 can be produced. The syngas lower heating value may vary from 1.86 MJ/ Nm3 to 4.5 MJ/Nm3 in the gasification with air and from 5.2 MJ/ Nm3 to 7.5 MJ/Nm3 in the gasification with steam. The cold gas efficiency may vary from 16% to 41% in the gasification with air and from 37% to 60% in the gasification with steam, depending on the different biomass waste utilized in the process and the different operating conditions. Based on the sensitivity studies carried out in the paper and paying attention to the cold gas efficiency and to the LHV, we have selected the best configuration process for the best syngas composition to feed the internal combustion engine. The influence of syngas fuel properties on the engine is studied through the electrical efficiency and the cogeneration efficiency.

scholarly journals Studies on the Gasification Performance of Sludge Cake Pre-Treated by Hydrothermal Carbonization

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Yeop Lee ◽  
Se Won Park ◽  
Md Tanvir Alam ◽  
Yean Ouk Jeong ◽  
Yong-Chil Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Sludge Cake ◽  
Gas Efficiency

Proper treatment and careful management of sewage sludge are essential because its disposal can lead to adverse environmental impacts such as public health hazards, as well as air, soil, and water pollution. Several efforts are being made currently not only to safely dispose of sewage sludge but also to utilize it as an energy source. Therefore, in this study, initiatives were taken to valorize sewage sludge cake by reducing the moisture content and increasing the calorific value by applying a hydrothermal treatment technique for efficient energy recovery. The sludge cake treated at 200 °C for 1 h was found to be the optimum condition for hydrothermal carbonization, as, in this condition, the caloric value of the treated sludge increased by 10% and the moisture content removed was 20 wt.%. To recover energy from the hydrothermally treated sludge, a gasification technology was applied at 900 °C. The results showed that the product gas from hydrothermally treated sludge cake had a higher lower heating value (0.98 MJ/Nm3) and higher cold gas efficiency (5.8%). Furthermore, compared with raw sludge cake, less tar was generated during the gasification of hydrothermally treated sludge cake. The removal efficiency was 28.2%. Overall results depict that hydrothermally treated sewage sludge cake could be a good source of energy recovery via the gasification process.

Study on Gasification Characteristics of Petroleum Asphalt in a Two-Stage Gasifier

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1673-1677
Author(s):  
Guang Yu Li ◽  
Shi Sen Xu ◽  
Jun Cang Xia ◽  
Yong Qiang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Petroleum Asphalt ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

The gasification performance of petroleum asphalt in a two-stage gasifier was investigated through experiments and simulations. The analysis results of asphalt samples show that the asphalt has characteristics of high volatile content, high calorific value, and low ash content. Coal pyrolysis model, gas-solid heterogeneous reaction model, gas homogeneous reaction model and Gibbs free energy minimization method were employed to build the two-stage entrained flow gasification model and simulate the asphalt gasification process using Aspen Plus software. The results indicate that the cold gas efficiency of asphalt is 3% higher than that of bituminous coal, while the consumption of coal and oxygen is 40% lower than that of bituminous coal. The gasification performance of asphalt is superior to that of coal. In addition, the cold gas efficiency of asphalt can be increased by about 3% when the two-stage gasification process is employed. The utilization rate of coal in the two-stage gasifier is much higher than that in traditional one-stage gasifier.

Simulation of Enriched Air-Steam Biomass Gasification in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 510-515
Author(s):  
Miao Miao Niu ◽  
Ya Ji Huang ◽  
Bao Sheng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Carbon Conversion ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Percentage ◽  
Bubbling Fluidized Bed ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

A model was developed for the enriched air-steam biomass gasification in a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) gasifier using Aspen Plus. Restricted equilibrium method was used to eliminate the deviation caused by the diffusion effect of gas-particle. The model has been divided into three stages (drying and pyrolysis, partial combustion and gasification) for predicting the gasifier performance. Simulation results for gas composition, carbon conversion and cold gas efficiency versus oxygen percentage and steam to biomass ratio (S/B) were compared with the experimental results. Higher oxygen percentage improves the gasification process, increases the production of H2 and CO and results in better gasification efficiency. With increasing oxygen percentage, the production of CO2 and CH4 show decreasing trends. Steam injection enhances the H2 and CO2 production but decreases CO and CH4 production. Carbon conversion presents a slight decrease trend over the S/B range, while cold gas efficiency is first constant and then decreased.

scholarly journals Mathematical modelling of the oxyfuel gasification of pulverized coal fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Igor Donskoy
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Pulverized Coal Fuel ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

In this work, we studied the efficiency of the coal gasification process under oxyfuel conditions. Using mathematical modelling one-dimensional stationary statement, the optimal parameters of coal processing were determined, air and oxyfuel conditions are compared. The calculated dependences of the characteristics of the gasification process on the stoichiometric ratio at different initial temperatures are constructed. The optimal values of oxygen stoichiometric ratio and the maximum values of cold gas efficiency in the selected range of parameters are determined. The contribution of the thermophysical and reactive properties of the gasification agent to the change in the cold gas efficiency is estimated.

scholarly journals CO-GASIFICATION OF COAL AND EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH (EFB) IN AN ENTRAINED FLOW GASIFICATION PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Wan Muhamad Syafiq Wan Ismail ◽  
Ruwaida Abdul Rasid
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Entrained Flow ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Gas Efficiency

In Malaysia, empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the major biomass source from the palm oil industry. It is an environmental friendly, renewable and sustainable source of energy, which may be used to generate electricity and other forms of energy. EFB may be converted into synthesis gas (syngas) through the gasification process, or mixed with coal through the co-gasification process. Raw EFB usually consists of high moisture content and low energy density compared to coal. Having a mixture of biomass and coal is one of the method to increase the efficiency of the biomass gasification process. Hence, it is the objective of this work to investigate the co-gasification of coal and EFB at various process conditions, whereby, an entrained flow gasifier was used to investigate the effect of the gasification temperature in the range of 700°C – 900°C, for various coal-EFB mixtures on the syngas composition. The produced gas was collected and quantified using gas chromatography. It was found that when the mass ratio of coal to EFB was increased, the production of hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) also increases. Besides that, the carbon conversion and the higher heating value (HHV) of the gas products also increases with increasing in mass ratio of coal-EFB mixtures. The highest cold gas efficiency (CGE) recorded for coal mixture is 2.72 MJ/m3. Thus, this shows the potential in co-gasification for producing alternative energy to the conventional fossil fuel resources that is depleting.

Effects of operating parameters on co-gasification of coconut petioles and refuse-derived fuel

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110039
Author(s):  
Natvaree Chommontha ◽  
Awassada Phongphiphat ◽  
Komsilp Wangyao ◽  
Suthum Patumsawad ◽  
Sirintornthep Towprayoon
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Agent Flow ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas

Coconut agro-industry in the western region of Thailand generates a large amount of residues. This study investigated the energy production potential of discarded coconut petioles, with a focus on co-gasification with refuse-derived fuel (RDF). Gasification tests involving petioles, RDFs and their mixtures (25%, 50%, 75% or 100% by weight) were conducted in a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor. Fuel samples of 5 g were gasified at 700°C–900°C for 60 minutes, using simulated air (79% N2 to 21% O2, by volume) as a gasifying agent. Gasification of petioles generated producer gas with lower heating values, estimated at 0.43–0.75 MJ Nm−3, while RDF produced 0.92–1.39 MJ Nm−3. Adding greater quantities of RDF to the fuel mixture resulted in an increase in the heating value of the producer gas and cold gas efficiency. The operating temperatures and gasifying-agent flow rates affected the efficiency of process differently, depending on the fuel composition. However, the maximum cold gas efficiency from both fuels was detected in tests conducted at 800°C. In co-gasification and pure refuse-derived-fuel tests, higher temperatures and gasifying-agent flow rates led to outputs with higher energy yields. Our findings suggested that co-gasification of petiole is a viable alternative waste-treatment technology for this region.

scholarly journals Analysis of coal gasifier performance. Quantitative evaluation of development subjects and the analysis of factors influencing cold gas efficiency.

1985 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 716-733
Author(s):  
Takehiko FURUSAWA ◽  
Toshinori KOJIMA ◽  
Seiji TOKAWA ◽  
Shuichi TANAKA ◽  
Takuya KAWANISHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Cold Gas Efficiency ◽  
Coal Gasifier ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Gas Efficiency ◽  
Cold Gas
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