SUPLEMENTASI VITAMIN A PADA ANAK DIARE  USIA 12– 59 BULAN

Diarrhea is the leading cause of infant mortality in Indonesia. Data from the Bantul District Health Office showed that the diarrhea morbidity rate in 2015 was 4.57 per 1000 population. World Health Organization launched program to reduce morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia and diarrhea by recommending supplementation of vitamin A as an effort to maintain health since baby was born. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of vitamin A supplementation with the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 12 - 59 months in Kasihan 1 Public Health Center. This study was used case control design with a retrospective approach. The number of control and case group were 44 children of each. Researcher collected data of children aged 12 - 59 months who suffered diarrhea last 6 months then conducted a home visit to ask about the history of vitamin A supplementation in children. There was no statistically significant correlation between vitamin A supplementation and the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 12 - 59 months. Health workers especially nurses need to increase public awareness of vitamin A supplementation to children under five years old as a form of support for government program to prevent diarrhea.

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Co-implementing Vitamin A supplementation with Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Sokoto State, Nigeria: a feasibility and acceptability study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-960472/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olusola Oresanya ◽

Abimbola Phillips ◽

Ekechi Okereke ◽

Abraham Ahmadu ◽

Taiwo Ibinaiye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Child Survival ◽

World Health ◽

High Dose ◽

Northern Nigeria ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation ◽

Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention ◽

Directly Observed Treatment ◽

Health Organization ◽

Community Drug Distributors

Abstract Background Bi-annual high dose vitamin A supplements administered to children aged 6-59 months can significantly reduce child mortality, but vitamin A supplementation (VAS) coverage is low in Nigeria. The World Health Organization recommends that VAS be integrated into other public health programmes which are aimed at improving child survival. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) provides a ready platform for VAS integration to improve health outcomes. Methods A mixed methods study design was used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of co-implementing VAS with SMC in one local government area of Sokoto state in northern Nigeria. Existing SMC implementation tools and job aids were revised and community drug distributors, experienced in SMC delivery, were trained on the determination of VAS eligibility, administration of the correct doses and identification of adverse drug reactions. SMC and VAS were delivered using a door-to-door approach. VAS and SMC coverage were calculated and the outcome of the integration was assessed using questionnaires administered to 188 and 197 households at baseline and endline respectively. The Bowen framework was used to assess feasibility through focus group discussions and key informant interviews; thematic analysis was carried out on the qualitative data. Results At endline, the proportion of children who received at least one dose of VAS in the last six months increased significantly from 2–59% (p<0.001). There were no adverse effects on the coverage of SMC delivery with 70% eligible children reached at baseline, increasing to 76% (p=0.412) at endline. There was no significant change (p=0.264) in the quality of SMC, measured by proportion of children receiving their first dose as directly observed treatment (DOT), at endline (68%) compared to baseline (54%). Study findings demonstrated acceptability among caregivers, community drug distributors, State and National healthcare officials. Conclusion This study showed that it is feasible and acceptable to integrate VAS with SMC delivery in areas of high seasonal malaria transmission such as northern Nigeria, where SMC campaigns are implemented. SMC-VAS integrated campaign can significantly increase vitamin A coverage but more research is required to demonstrate the feasibility of this integration in different settings and on a larger scale.

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FACTORS THAT ARE RELATED TO THE EVENENCE OF THE PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES IN MATERNITY MOTHER IN SAYANG HOSPITAL, CIANJUR CITY

Journal of Science Innovare ◽

10.33751/jsi.v2i2.1530 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 37-39

Author(s):

Rahmawati .

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Statistical Test ◽

World Health ◽

P Value ◽

Test Results ◽

Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽

Premature Rupture ◽

History Of ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Relationship

Premature rupture of membranes is rupture of membranes before there are signs of labor and after waiting for an hour before the start of labor. World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015 there were 303,000 women died during childbirth and as many as 20% caused by premature rupture of membranes. The incidence of maternity with premature rupture of membranes in Sayang Hospital Cianjur in 2016 was 1151 maternity with premature rupture of membranes from 6814 births while in 2017 there were 1272 births with premature rupture of 5887 births. This study aims to determine the relationship between premature rupture of membranes with age, parity, education, and history of premature rupture of membranes. Statistical test results obtained that there is a relationship between premature rupture of membranes with age with a P value = 0.008 OR value of 0.556. Statistical test results obtained that there is a relationship between premature rupture of membranes with parity with a P value = 0,000 OR value of 3.336. Statistical test results obtained that there is a relationship between premature rupture of membranes with education with a P value = 0.001 OR value of 2.431. Statistical test results obtained that there is no relationship between premature rupture of membranes with a history of premature rupture of membranes with a P value = 0.949 OR value of 2.431. It is recommended for health workers to increase their preventive efforts so that pregnant women get clear information about premature rupture of membranes and anticipate problems that can arise in labor

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Co-implementing Vitamin A supplementation with Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Sokoto State, Nigeria: a feasibility and acceptability study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-960472/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olusola Oresanya ◽

Abimbola Phillips ◽

Ekechi Okereke ◽

Abraham Ahmadu ◽

Taiwo Ibinaiye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Child Survival ◽

World Health ◽

High Dose ◽

Northern Nigeria ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation ◽

Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention ◽

Directly Observed Treatment ◽

Health Organization ◽

Community Drug Distributors

Abstract BackgroundBi-annual high dose vitamin A supplements administered to children aged 6-59 months can significantly reduce child mortality, but vitamin A supplementation (VAS) coverage is low in Nigeria. The World Health Organization recommends that VAS be integrated into other public health programmes which are aimed at improving child survival. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) provides a ready platform for VAS integration to improve health outcomes.MethodsA mixed methods study design was used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of co-implementing VAS with SMC in one local government area of Sokoto state in northern Nigeria. Existing SMC implementation tools and job aids were revised and community drug distributors, experienced in SMC delivery, were trained on the determination of VAS eligibility, administration of the correct doses and identification of adverse drug reactions. SMC and VAS were delivered using a door-to-door approach. VAS and SMC coverage were calculated and the outcome of the integration was assessed using questionnaires administered to 188 and 197 households at baseline and endline respectively. The Bowen framework was used to assess feasibility through focus group discussions and key informant interviews; thematic analysis was carried out on the qualitative data. ResultsAt endline, the proportion of children who received at least one dose of VAS in the last six months increased significantly from 2% to 59% (p<0.001). There were no adverse effects on the coverage of SMC delivery with 70% eligible children reached at baseline, increasing to 76% (p=0.412) at endline. There was no significant change (p=0.264) in the quality of SMC, measured by proportion of children receiving their first dose as directly observed treatment (DOT), at endline (68%) compared to baseline (54%). Study findings demonstrated acceptability among caregivers, community drug distributors, State and National healthcare officials. ConclusionThis study showed that it is feasible and acceptable to integrate VAS with SMC delivery in areas of high seasonal malaria transmission such as northern Nigeria, where SMC campaigns are implemented. SMC-VAS integrated campaign can significantly increase vitamin A coverage but more research is required to demonstrate the feasibility of this integration in different settings and on a larger scale.

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Methodologies to measure the coverage of vitamin A supplementation: a systematic review

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2021.65 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Alessandro Miglietta ◽

Annette Imohe ◽

Andreas Hasman

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Original Data ◽

World Health ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation ◽

Gold Standard Method ◽

Monitoring Tools ◽

Health Organization ◽

Event Based

Abstract Countries are increasingly transitioning from event-based vitamin A supplementation (VAS) distribution to delivery through routine health system contacts, shifting also to administrative, electronic-based monitoring tools, a process that brings certain limitations affecting the quality of administrative VAS coverage. At present, there is no standardised methodology for measuring the coverage of VAS delivered through routine health services. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify and recommend methods to measure VAS coverage, with the aim of providing guidance to countries on the collection of consistent data for planning, monitoring and evaluating VAS programmes integrated into routine health systems. We searched the PubMed®, Embase®, Scopus, Google Scholar and World Health Organization (WHO) Global Index Medicus databases for studies published from 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2021, reporting original data on VAS coverage and methodologies used for measurement. We screened 2371 original titles and abstracts, assessed twenty-seven full-text articles and ultimately included eighteen studies. All but two studies used a coverage cluster survey (CCS) design to measure VAS coverage, adapting the WHO Vaccination Coverage Cluster Surveys methodology, by modifying sample size and sampling parameters. Annual two-dose VAS coverage was reported from only four studies. Until electronic-based systems to collect and analyse VAS data are equipped to measure routine two-dose VAS coverage using administrative data, CCSs that comply with the 2018 WHO Vaccination Coverage Cluster Surveys Reference Manual represent the gold-standard method for effective VAS programme monitoring.

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Deworming Coverage and its Predictors among Ethiopian Children Aged 24 to 59 Months: Further Analysis of EDHS 2016 Data Set

Global Pediatric Health ◽

10.1177/2333794x211022908 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 2333794X2110229

Author(s):

Getahun Fentaw Mulaw ◽

Fentaw Wassie Feleke ◽

Seada Seid Ahmed ◽

Juhar Admama Bamud

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Family Size ◽

Media Exposure ◽

World Health ◽

P Value ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation ◽

Paternal Education ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

History Of

Intestinal parasitic infections are the major public health problem globally, mostly in developing countries. World Health Organization recommends deworming to all at-risk people living in endemic areas as a prevention or intervention strategy. Therefore this study aimed to assess the deworming coverage and its predictors among Ethiopian children aged 24-59 months. The study analyzed retrospectively cross-sectional data on a weighted sample of 5,948 children aged 24-59 months nested within 645 clusters after extracting from the Ethiopian Demographic health survey. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the association of variables. Predictors at p-value < 0.25 were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model, and statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05. In this study, the prevalence of maternal reported deworming supplements among children aged 24-59 months was 15.1%. Predictive variables significantly associated with deworming supplementation include maternal media exposure, maternal control of household healthcare decisions, institutional healthcare delivery, and child vitamin-A supplementation. Having history of a diarrheal disease, maternal and paternal education, and family size were also statistically significant predictors of deworming supplements. Therefore, deworming supplementation among children is low. Maternal education and employment, paternal education, family size, decision-making process, maternal media exposure, place of delivery, vitamin-A supplementation, and a having history of diarrhea were predictors of deworming supplements. Multifaceted interventions aimed at those predictors should be given emphasis.

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Kebijakan Ekonomi Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Madika: Jurnal Politik dan Governance ◽

10.24239/madika.v1i2.834 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 134-145

Author(s):

Nur Afni

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Public Awareness ◽

World Health ◽

Medium Term ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Government ◽

Health Organization ◽

Taking Action

COVID-19 discovered a global pandemic that gave rise to the emergence of various groups, especially the public. Inaugurated by the World Health Organization as a global pandemic, the management of COVID-19 is a challenge for countries with limited energy sources and health care systems. Citizens' understanding continues to grow along with the number of positive problems and deaths due to COVID-19 which continues to grow in a relatively short time. The ability of each country to adapt to the existing conditions during efficient and anticipatory implementation varies greatly. The policy finds an early ground that must be tested in order to be able to tackle these cases successfully. Anticipatory policy decisions related to efforts to prevent the spread of COVID-19, take action against infected patients, protect health workers, and control public awareness are carefully considered. For this reason, the Government is trying to schedule a New Normal policy so that the economic impact of the pandemic does not create a sustainable crisis. This policy is linked to planning where the Government has established programs, as well as major projects in the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). The government needs to review the medium-term plan considering that in 2020 all programs that are trying to focus on taking action against Covid-19. The government has 3 alternatives in the medium term, whether it is always quality, making moderate improvements, or changing it with a new plan with assumptions made from the Covid-19 pandemic and the consequences that accompany it.

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Implementasi Program Posyandu Tfc (Theurapetic Feeding Center) Sebagai Strategis Penuntasan Dan Pemulihan Gizi Buruk Bagi Balita Di Puskesmas Bumijawa Kabupaten Tegal.

DINAMIKA KESEHATAN JURNAL KEBIDANAN DAN KEPERAWATAN ◽

10.33859/dksm.v10i2.473 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 773-782

Author(s):

Nora Rahmanindar ◽

Juhrotun Nisa ◽

Nilatul Izah

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Health Center ◽

Health Workers ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

World Health ◽

District Health ◽

Planning Stage ◽

The World ◽

Feeding Center ◽

Health Organization

Latar Belakang: Masalah gizi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehtan masyarakat yang belum pernah tuntas di tanggulangi dunia. Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia memperkirakan bahwa sekitar 60 % dari semua kematian, yang terjadi antara anak-anak yang berusia kurang dari lima tahun dinegara berkembang, bisa dihubungkan dengan mal nutrisi. Therapeutic Feeding Center (TFC) atau Pusat Pemulihan Gizi (PPG) adalah pemuliha gizi kurang dengan perawatan serta pemberian makanan secara intensif dan adekuat sesuai usia dan kondisinya dengan melibatkan peran serta orang tua (ibu) agar mandiri ketika sudah kembali ke rumah.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pelaksanaan program Posyandu TFC di Puskesmas Kabupaten Tegal.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam sesuai dengan pedoman wawancara. Responden yang diteliti ada 8 orang yaitu 2 petugas sebagai informan kunci yaitu dokter penanggungjawab dan koordinator gizi di Puskesmas Bumijawa, 4 petugas sebagai informan utama yaitu 2 petugas kesehatan bidan dan petugas gizi serta 2 petugas kader posyandu dan 2 ibu yang mempunyai anak gizi kurang sebagai informan Triangulasi.Hasil: Penelitian menunjukan bahwa sumber-sumber program, tenaga, dana dan sarana prasarana sudah memadai, proses pelaksanaan program tersebut pada tahap perencanaan sudah didukung dan di analisa permasalahan serta sudah melibatkan lintas program dan lintas sektoral, tahap pengorganisasian sudah di bentuk, ada standar prosedur yang jelas, pembagian tugas sudah baik, pelaksanaan monitoring dan evaluasi program sudah memadai ada pengawasan dari pihak kepala puskesmas bumijawa dan dari Dinas Kesehatan kabupaten Tegal.Simpulan: Balita yang gizi kurang sudah ada pendataan dan di tangani dengan baik di posyandu TFC baik rawat inap atau rawat jalan, balita tersebut 100 persen mengalami kenaikan BB 0,5 kg per minggu, kecuali balita yang gizi kurang dengan kelainan penyerta seperti jantung, TBC dll perlu penanganan intensif.Sehingga program posyandu TFC sudah berjalan dengan baik sebagai penuntasan dan pemulihan gizi kurang bagi balita di Puskesmas Bumijawa Kabupaten Tegal.Kata Kunci : Implementasi kebijakan, program posyandu TFC Background: The problem of nutrition is one of the people's health problems that has never been solved in the world tackling. The World Health Organization estimates that around 60% of all deaths, which occur among children aged less than five years in developing countries, can be attributed to malnutrition. Therapeutic Feeding Center (TFC) or Nutrition Recovery Center (PPG) is recovery of malnutrition by intensive and adequate care and feeding according to age and condition by involving the participation of parents (mothers) to be independent when they return home.Objective: This study aims to analyze the implementation of the TFC Posyandu program at the Tegal District Health Center.Method: This research is qualitative by using descriptive methods. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interview techniques in accordance with interview guidelines. There were 8 respondents surveyed, namely 2 officers as key informants, namely the physician in charge and nutrition coordinator at Bumijawa Public Health Center, 4 officers as the main informants namely 2 midwife health workers and nutritionists as well as 2 posyandu cadre officers and 2 mothers who have undernourished children as informants Triangulation Results: Research results show that program resources, personnel, funds and infrastructure are adequate, the process of implementing the program at the planning stage has been supported and analyzed for problems and has involved cross-program and cross-sectoral, the organizing stage has been established, there are standard procedures clearly, the division of tasks is good, the implementation of program monitoring and evaluation is adequate, there is supervision from the head of the bumijawa puskesmas and from the Tegal district health office.Conclusion: Toddlers who lack nutrition already have data collection and are handled well in TFC posyandu both inpatient or outpatient, the toddler is 100 percent increasing in weight of 0.5 kg per week, except toddlers who are malnourished with comorbid disorders such as heart disease, tuberculosis etc. need intensive handling. So that the TFC posyandu program has been running well as the completion and recovery of malnutrition for children under five in the Bumijawa Health Center in Tegal Regency.Keywords: Policy implementation, TFC posyandu program

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Hubungan Status Imunisasi Campak Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Anak Usia 12-59 Bulan

Indonesian Journal of Nursing Research (IJNR) ◽

10.35473/ijnr.v2i1.228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Latifah Susilowati ◽

Masta Hutasoit

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Health Centers ◽

World Health ◽

Case Group ◽

Government Programs ◽

Work Area ◽

Control Research ◽

Health Organization ◽

Regional Hospitals

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. InIndonesia, diarrhea is among the top 10 diseases handled in the Puskesmasand the top 10 inpatient diseases at regional hospitals. Measlesimmunization is recommended by the world health organization as aprevention and health care effort for children including prevention of theincidence of diarrhea. The general objective of this study was to determinethe relationship between measles immunization status and the incidenceof diarrhea in toddler in the work area of Kasihan Bantul Health Center.This study uses a case control research design with a retrospectiveapproach. Data collection began with data collection ages 12 - 59 monthssuffering from diarrhea in the last 6 months at the Kasihan Bantul HealthCenter. Then the researcher conducted homevisit to ask about the historyof measles immunization in children. The number of samples in thecontrol group was 44 children and the case group was 44 children. Theresults showed that there was no statistically significant relationshipbetween measles status and the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 12-59 months at the Kasihan Bantul Health Center. Health centers and healthworkers need to increase public awareness of the importance of measlesimmunization in infants as a form of support for government programs toprevent the occurrence of diarrhea.

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EFEKTIVITAS PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP KONTRASEPSI MANTAP DENGAN METODE SNOWBALL THROWING PADA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR

Maternal Child Health Care ◽

10.32883/mchc.v1i1.509 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Oktavianis Oktavianis

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Health Center ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Health Workers ◽

World Health ◽

District Health ◽

The World ◽

Before And After ◽

Health Organization ◽

Interesting Learning

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) contraceptive use has increased in many parts of the world by 57.4%. West Sumatra Province has a total of 729,428 PUS with KB acceptors as many as 416,992 people in 2016. Solok District Health Office in December 2017 amounted to 59.79% of the total existing PUS with MOW contraceptive users as many as 59 people and MOP as many as 11 people.The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness in increasing knowledge of steadycontraception with the Snowball Throwing method in fertile age couples family planning acceptors inKayuJaoCommunity Health Center GunungTalangKabupatenSolok, 2018. The research used Pre Experimental method with One Group Pretest Posttest approach design. It was conducted in KayuJaoCommunity Health Center in GunungTalangKabupatenSolok in 2018 with 15 people as the samples. It was chosen by using PurposiveSamplingtechnique. The results of this research showed that the differenceaverage knowledge before and after was 1.667 with standard deviation 1.589. The highest score is -0.778 and the lowest value is -2.546. Moreover, statistical test results obtained that the effectiveness of knowledge increasing of steady contraception with Snowball Throwing method in fertile age couples family planning acceptors in KayuJaoCommunity Health Center had P= 0.001 (<0.05). The conclusion of the study is expected to health workers to further improve the strategy in providing counseling to the community by using interesting learning methods.

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Pneumonia in rural Malawians under five years old: Treatment outcomes and clinical predictors of death on admission

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine ◽

10.4102/phcfm.v1i1.43 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prosper M. Lutala ◽

Suzgo Mzumara ◽

Maurice Mlenga ◽

Raphael Talipu ◽

Eric Kasagila

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Health Workers ◽

Integrated Management ◽

World Health ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Clinical Predictors ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Female Sex ◽

History Of ◽

Health Organization

Background: High mortality and disability due to pneumonia occur worldwide. The introduction of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness strategy in Malawi brought with it hope of an improvement in the outcome of pneumonia. However, the risk of death and treatment outcomes remain unknown in many districts.Method: The medical records of 466 consecutive patients admitted to the Mchinji District Hospital from January 2004 to January 2006 whose disease met the World Health Organization criteria for pneumonia were reviewed. Data were collected from forms that had been filled out and different treatment outcomes and determinants of death were analysed using logistic regression.Results: Of the 466 patients, 62.7% completed treatment, 15.9% had unknown outcomes, 12.9% died, 8.4% were lost to follow-up, 0.8% failed to improve with treatment, and 0.4% were transferred to other facilities. Independent predictors of death were: age less than 2 years, female sex, history of pneumonia, chest retractions, type of pneumonia, and central cyanosis.Conclusion: A high proportion of deaths and unknown outcomes occurred among participants. Young age, female sex, history of pneumonia, chest retractions and central cyanosis were associated with death. Mortality from pneumonia may be reduced by close monitoring of these risk factors and by improving health education programmes and communicating these findings to parents and health workers. Further investigations of local reasons for high rates of unknown/unreported outcomes are welcomed.

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