scholarly journals Human Infecting with Tick-Borne Diseases on the Territory of Irkutsk City: 25 Years of Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
O. V. Melnikova ◽  
V. M. Korzun ◽  
E. I. Andaev
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Tick Bite ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The City

Background. The existence of antropogenic foci of Ixodid tick-borne infections (TBI) have been registered on the territory of many cities during several last decades. The infected ticks’ biting occurs directly in urban conditions. There is a lot of publications devoted to ticks and their hosts studying in the urbanized landscapes, but much less data concerning human infecting after tick bite in these conditions.Аim – the comparative analysis of the cases of human infecting with TBI within the city limits and beyond, and determination the sites of infection risk on the territory of Irkutsk.Material and methods. The epidemiological investigation cases records from Irkutsk Regional Center for Hygiene and Epidemiological Surveillance have been analyzed: tick-borne encephalitis (TBE, n = 1607), ixodid tick-borne borrelioses (ITBB, n = 938) dated 1995–2019 and tick-borne rickettsiosis (TBR. n = 270) dated 2001–2019. Statistical analysis was computed in Microsoft Excel Software. The map of infecting sites is made in ArcGis Soft (ESRI, USA).Results. According to the patients reports, 281 of all registered TBI cases during period under the review, occurred within the city limits. There were 115 TBE cases (7.2% of all TBE cases registered among Irkutsk citizens), 139 ITBB (14.8%) and 27 TBR (10.0%). 86.5% of the patients associate their disease with tick bite. There are no valid linear trends in the dynamics of TBE and ITBB from 2001 (with available information on all three infections) up to the end of period under the review, but significant growth trend in TBR incidence. The groups of patients, infected within and beyond the city limits, differ in some ecological and demographical parameters and also in structure of TBI morbidity. Tree area groups with different risk level for TBI contracting have been determined in the city.Conclusion. Judging by the fact that TBI occurs annually on the territory of the city, it is likely that there are perennial anthropogenic foci within its boundaries, which must be identified and studied all of their components.

scholarly journals Some Ecological, Clinical and Epidemiological Characterisics of the Tick-Borne Encephalitis Incidence in Irkutsk (1995 - 2015)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Mel'nikova ◽  
E. I. Andaev ◽  
A. Ya. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Archive Data ◽  
Activity Season

The results of archive data analysis of the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) cases in Irkutsk during 1995 - 2015, got from Irkutsk Regional Center for hygiene and epidemiological surveillance, are shown. During the examined period the percent of severe forms and lethal outcomes of the disease have risen. The severe forms came more often at the very beginning and at peak of ticks’ activity season. The number of alimentary TBE cases, illness of anti-TBE vaccinated persons and persons with professional risk of infection have increased in Pribaikalie during 1995 - 2015. The recurring TBE cases have been also recorded.

Жизненное состояние древесных насаждений в условиях города Актобе (Казахстан)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
S. A. Abiev ◽  
S. A. Aipeisova ◽  
N. A. Utarbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Health State ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Vital State ◽  
Ulmus Laevis ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

<p>The purpose of our work is to assess the health state of woody plants growing in different habitats of the city of Aktobe. We have studied the health state of arboreal and shrubby plants growing in various urban habitats; the survey was conducted during 2016-2017 by route-visual method. We performed the analysis of species diversity, abundance and density in urban area. The assessment of health state of the trees was made according to V.A. Alekseev. From your data and literature review we established that such species as Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, Acer negundo, Populus tremula, Populus nigra, and Syringa vulgaris have strong winter resistnce in the territory of Aktobe; we registered that only their apex buds and emds of the shoots were frozen in severe winters. The medium-resistant speices include Ulmus laevis and Acer platonoides. They are less plastic and suffer from late spring and early autumn frosts. The Amorpha fruticosa, Vitis vinifera, and Parthenocissus guinguefolia could be considered as the non-resistant species, since they usually freeze up to the snow cover line. The analysis of the vital state made it possible to assess the resistance to urban conditions of the majority of trees and shrubs registered in urban habitats of Aktobe. According to the preliminary data, the origin of the plant and its winter resistance are of main importance when introducing new species to urban area.</p>

scholarly journals Spatial shrinking and polarization of rural space in the Republic of Tatarstan in the context of population depopulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
D.O. Egorov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Administrative Center

The article analyzes the directions and intensity of rural population depopulation from the standpoint of its influence on the transformation of settlement in the Republic of Tatarstan from the 1970s to the present. Three periods of changes in the distribution of the rural population were identified: soviet (1970–1991), de-urbanization (1991–2000) and suburbanization (weakly expressed in the 2000s and clearly pronounced since the 2010s). The first period under consideration fell on the peak of the decline in the rural population, but the pole near the regional center depopulated less intensively than the distant periphery. The de-urbanization period did not have clear territorial trends in changes in the number of inhabitants. In the 2010s. There is a steady increase in the population in the areas of neighbors of the largest cities of the republic. A more detailed study showed that this increase is largely associated with the settlement of urban-type residential complexes. 1970 to 2019 the share of rural residents living in areas bordering the city of Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny increased from 15.1 to 25%. Similar polarization processes are taking place at the municipal level. The period considered from 2002 to 2019 showed the process of increasing the share of the population of the administrative center from the total population of the district. In more than half of the cases, this process took place due to population growth in the centers of municipalities and the decline of the rest of the population. The population in other municipalities decreased in the administrative centers less intensively than outside them.

scholarly journals The ecological framework as part of the land and property complex of an industrial city (on the example of an urban district of Tobolsk)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
N.V. Litvinenko ◽  
E.P. Evtushkova ◽  
Yu.E. Ogneva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City ◽  
Property Complex

In modern urban conditions with intensive industrial production affecting the life and health of people, the authorities of many cities have thought about holding activities aimed at improving the ecological component of the urban environment. One of such activities may be the creation or improvement of the ecological framework of the city. This article discusses the features of the ecological framework in the industrial city of Tobolsk. A number of tasks that are faced by the City Administration were formulated; those must be solved using sound reconstruction methods of urban territorial and functional structures. The role of the ecological framework of the urban area is considered as the possibility of avoiding the environmental problems’ emergence and preserving the ability of the territorial system as an independent land and property complex to develop.

scholarly journals Placemaking in Arab Cities. Realities, Challenges, and Prospects

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Place Branding ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Distinct Sense ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City

Placemaking is an inclusive approach to the planning, design, and management of public places by which people create and/or recreate places. In the context of the Arab cities, placemaking projects are often envisaged to transform communities’ spaces into lively and attractive places; to enhance quality of life and opportunity for existing residents. It also aims to (re)create a distinct sense of place or place branding at large. Exploring how contemporary Arab cities have framed placemaking processes within the contemporary urban conditions, and sometimes the threats to the quality of the city, are helping in creating healthier, equitable, and humane public places. Such challenges and opportunities of these processes is a core component of this special edition of The Journal of Public Space, which discusses various aspects of placemaking in Arab Cities, ranges from creating, enhancing, adapting and developing attractive and efficient public places in Arab Cities. In this context, academic papers and viewpoints have manifested a variety of perspectives, theories and practices of placemaking concepts, methods, recent challenges and possible solutions. They portrayed several tools on establishing and revitalizing public places starting from governmental toolkits, reaching unplanned activities fostering community engagement in placemaking.

Use of replaceable working equipment to expand the functionality of the excavator

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Equipment Replacement ◽  
Rotary Mill ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City

Increasing the range of replaceable working equipment for hydraulic single-bucket excavators allows to expand the scope of application significantly, increase the efficiency of its usage, as well as the mobility of these machines. The purpose of the study is to design working equipment replacement items, used for hydraulic single-bucket excavator for digging frozen soils in the city Vladivostok. The main tasks of the study are to analyze frozen soils in the region and their existing structures, select a layout scheme for further design calculation, evaluate the economic feasibility of the proposed hydraulic excavator working equipment design replacement items, used for digging frozen soils in Vladivostok city. Keywords excavator, replacement equipment, frozen ground, urban conditions, rotary mill, vibro-ripper, hydraulic hammer, bucket-ripper, tusk-ripper, gripper-tongs working body

Towards reproducible pluvial flood simulation in urban areas with TELEMAC-2D

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Pilz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Pluvial Flooding ◽  
Severe Flood ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Model Setup ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The City

&lt;p&gt;The megacity of Lagos, Nigeria, is subject to recurrent severe flood events as a consequence of extreme rainfall. In addition, climate change might exacerbate this problem by increasing rainfall intensities. To study the hazard of pluvial flooding in urban areas, several complex hydraulic models exist with a high demand in terms of required input data, manual preprocessing, and computational power. However, for many regions in the world only insufficient local information is available. Moreover, the complexity of model setup prevents reproducible model initialisation and application. This conference contribution addresses these issues by an example application of the complex hydrodynamic model TELEMAC-2D for the city of Lagos. The complex initialisation procedure is simplified by the new package &amp;#8216;telemac&amp;#8217; for the statistical environment R. A workflow will be presented that illustrates the functionality of the package and the use of publicly available information, such as free DEMs and Openstreetmap data to cope with the problem of insufficient local information. By further analysis and visualisation procedures along the workflow the increasing hazard of pluvial flooding for Lagos is shown. The workflow makes model initialisation, application, and the analysis of results reproducible and applicable to other regions with a relatively low need for manual user interventions and without additional software other than R and TELEMAC-2D.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Assessment of Coxiella burnetii presence after tick bite in north-eastern Poland

Infection ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Karol Borawski ◽  
Justyna Dunaj ◽  
Piotr Czupryna ◽  
Sławomir Pancewicz ◽  
Renata Świerzbińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Tick Bite ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of

Abstract Purpose The aim of the study is to assess anti-Coxiella burnetii antibodies presence in inhabitants of north-eastern Poland, to assess the risk of Q fever after tick bite and to assess the percentage of co-infection with other pathogens. Methods The serological study included 164 foresters and farmers with a history of tick bite. The molecular study included 540 patients, hospitalized because of various symptoms after tick bite. The control group consisted of 20 honorary blood donors. Anti-Coxiella burnetii antibodies titers were determined by Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) Phase 1 IgG ELISA (DRG International Inc. USA). PCR was performed to detect DNA of C. burnetii, Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Results Anti-C. burnetii IgG was detected in six foresters (7.3%). All foresters with the anti-C. burnetii IgG presence were positive toward anti-B. burgdorferi IgG and anti-TBE (tick-borne encephalitis). Anti-C. burnetii IgG was detected in five farmers (6%). Four farmers with anti-C. burnetii IgG presence were positive toward anti-B. burgdorferi IgG and two with anti-TBE. Among them one was co-infected with B. burgdorferi and TBEV. Correlations between anti-C. burnetii IgG and anti-B. burgdorferi IgG presence and between anti-C. burnetii IgG presence and symptoms of Lyme disease were observed. C. burnetii DNA was not detected in any of the 540 (0%) patients. Conclusions C. burnetii is rarely transmitted by ticks, but we proved that it is present in the environment, so it may be a danger to humans. The most common co-occurrence after tick bite concerns C. burnetii and B. burgdorferi.

scholarly journals Ixodid ticks on dogs in southern Mozambique

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Neves ◽  
Sonia Afonso ◽  
I.G. Horak
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Haemaphysalis Leachi ◽  
The City

The objective of this study was to determine the species and distribution of ticks infesting domestic dogs in southern Mozambique. To this end 89 collections were taken from dogs and the geographic coordinates of the localities at which they were made noted. Fifty-eight of these collections were from animals in the city of Maputo and 16 from animals at rural settlements close to Maputo. A further 15 collections were made from dogs in rural environments north of Maputo. Ten ixodid tick species, of which one was only identified to genus level, were recovered. Rhipicephalus sanguineus was the most numerous of the ten species, and its prevalence and intensity of infestation were significantly higher on city dogs than on rural dogs (P< 0.01), whereas the converse was true for Haemaphysalis leachi (P< 0.01). Including the city of Maputo, the exact localities at which nine tick species were collected, were recorded.

City Profile: Manila, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-358
Author(s):  
Mark Anthony M. Gamboa ◽  
Ryan Randle B. Rivera ◽  
Mario R. Delos Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City

Manila is a primate city with national and international significance. Unlike any other city in the Philippines, Manila has the mandate of serving not just its local constituents, but also a clientele of national and even global scale. Recognizing that the localization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at sub-national levels is a key element in meeting the targets by 2030, it is important to look at how cities have been confronting local challenges relating to the development goals. Focusing on SDGs 3, 4 and 11, this city profile shows that Manila has performed reasonably well against key national and regional benchmarks on health, education and urban sustainability. However, as the city continues to lag behind many of its regional counterparts, key reforms must be undertaken in the areas of local policymaking, targeting of resources, scale of public participation and engagement of national government agencies. Heading into the first four years of the SDGs, the aim of this profile is to recognize and contextualize Manila’s existing urban conditions, best practices and pressing challenges—which would all have a significant implication on how Manila stands to attain SDGs 3, 4 and 11.

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