ALCOHOL AND ADAPTATION DISORDERS IN COMBATANTS (RESULTS OF THE PILOT RESEARCH)

As a result of the study, specific mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use in ATO participants were determined taking into account the levels and style of alcohol consumption. The relationship between disorders due to alcohol consumption and the consequences of combat psychological trauma is shown. It has been established that, on the whole, the transition from the conditions of a positional war to the conditions of a peaceful life is accompanied by a decrease in alcohol consumption (by individuals independent of it), a decrease in the level of harmful consequences, an improvement in mental status and a slight improvement in the quality of life, however, there are exceptions to this rule, especially with regard to stressful disorders - the level of exposure to a stressful event remains almost unchanged. Neither the army men nor the demobilized military found any adaptive (useful) medium- and long-term effects of alcohol (the transient anxiolytic and hypnotic sedative effects of alcohol have no long-term positive results (as opposed to negative ones). Psychopathological factors that affect disorders due to alcohol consumption remain almost unchanged during the transition from combat conditions to peaceful life, the influence of only certain components changes. Therefore, measures aimed at preventing maladaptation (that is, the formation of new and exacerbation of existing mental and behavioral disorders, including drug addiction) should adhere to the principle of continuity.It is advisable that between specialists and institutions suitable for the hygiene of the military and the demobilized, as high quality communication as possible is maintained along the methodological guidelines for the provision of medical and rehabilitation assistance. A significant level of consumption of psychoactive substances among combatants may indicate an unmet demand for adaptogens (both chemical and non-chemical origin), the use of which would not lead to the negative consequences of alcohol and other surfactants. This is a challenge for modern military psychopharmacology, military psychology and military psychophysiology.

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The Long-Term Effects of Solitary Confinement From the Perspective of Inmates

The Prison Journal ◽

10.1177/00328855211060312 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 101 (6) ◽

pp. 652-674

Author(s):

Liat Tayer ◽

Tomer Einat ◽

Anat Yaron Antar

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Behavioral Disorders ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Well Being ◽

Solitary Confinement ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Health And Well Being ◽

Mental And Behavioral Disorders

This qualitative study analyzes the effects of solitary confinement on prisoners and the strategies used by them to cope with its difficulties. The findings indicate that solitary confinement is perceived as unfair and as intensifying hostile emotions and physical aggression, and that it is related to a range of long-term physiological, mental, and behavioral disorders. Three strategies are used to cope with the difficulties of solitary confinement: keeping to a ritualistic routine, a religious lifestyle, and physical exercise. We conclude that solitary confinement exacerbates the difficulties of detention and affects prisoners’ health and well-being for short and long terms.

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Short- and Long-Term Effects of a Pilot Prevention Program to Reduce Alcohol Consumption

Substance Use & Misuse ◽

10.3109/10826089809056259 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 2303-2321 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Chudley E. Werch ◽

Deborah M. Pappas ◽

Joan M. Carlson ◽

Carlo C. Diclemente

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Prevention Program ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Reduce Alcohol Consumption ◽

Short And Long Term

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Long-term effects of alcohol consumption on cognitive function in seniors: a cohort study in China

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02606-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lizhen Han ◽

Jinzhu Jia

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Cox Model ◽

The Elderly ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Rice Wine ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Healthy Longevity

Abstract Background In the context of increasing global aging, the long-term effects of alcohol consumption on cognitive function in older adults were analyzed in order to provide rationalized health recommendations to the elderly population. Methods The study used the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) dataset, from which 5354 Chinese seniors aged 65–112 years were selected as the subjects, spanning the years 1998–2018. Data on alcohol, diet, activity, and cognition were collected by questionnaire and cognitive levels were judged by the Mini-Mental State Examination scale (also referenced to the Functional Assessment Staging Test). Data cleaning and preprocessing was implemented by R software. The dynamic Cox model was applied for model construction and data analysis. Results The results of the dynamic Cox model suggested that seniors who drank alcohol were at higher risk of cognitive decline compared to those who never drank (HR = 1.291, 95%CI: 1.175–1.419). The risk was similarly exacerbated by perennial drinking habits (i.e., longer drinking years, HR = 1.008, 95%CI: 1.004–1.013). Compared to non-alcoholic beverages, liquor (≥ 38°), liquor (< 38°), wine and rice wine all showed negative effects. Whereas, the risk of cognitive decline was relatively lower in seniors who consumed liquors (< 38°) and rice wine compared to the high-level liquor (HR: 0.672 (0.508, 0.887) and 0.732 (0.559, 0.957), respectively). Conclusions Alcohol consumption has a negative and long-term effects on cognitive function in seniors. For the elderly, we suggested that alcohol intake should be avoided as much as possible.

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Sustainable vs. Unsustainable Food Consumption Behaviour: A Study among Students from Romania, Bulgaria and Moldova

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12114699 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 4699 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cristina Bianca Pocol ◽

Valentina Marinescu ◽

Antonio Amuza ◽

Roxana-Larisa Cadar ◽

Anda Anca Rodideal

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Eating Behaviour ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Consumption Behaviour

The importance of studying the aspects related to the sustainable food consumption behaviour of students lies in the fact that, at this age, they begin to develop certain consumption patterns that will have long-term effects. The study aimed to identify the type of eating behaviour—sustainable vs. unsustainable—and the socio-demographic factors that influence it, among students in Romania, Bulgaria, and Moldova. The research method was a survey based on a questionnaire administered to a sample of 2378 subjects in the 2017–2018 period. The ANOVA test and simple linear regression were used to identify the correlation between the various variables analysed. The results indicate both positive aspects, which characterise a sustainable diet—high consumption of fruits and vegetables, and negative—the adoption of a mixed diet, which will have a long-term impact on the environment. Age is a good predictor of unhealthy eating habits among students, as this behaviour leads to weight gain. Gender, number of household members, rural/urban and country residence are also influencing factors for food consumption behaviour. Eating while standing and having the last meal of the day after 23:00 are practices that also have negative consequences for health. Conducting campaigns to educate students on the adoption of sustainable food consumption is necessary for all three countries to empower them to choose a healthy lifestyle.

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Mental and Behavioral Disorders in the Civilian Population of Regions Affected by Local Warfare

Psychology and Law ◽

10.17759/psylaw.2020100413 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 185-197

Author(s):

N.M. Zakharova ◽

M.G. Tsvetkova

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Disorders ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Preventive Treatment ◽

Well Being ◽

Stress Disorders ◽

Traumatic Experience ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Persistent Problem ◽

Long Run ◽

Mental And Behavioral Disorders

Currently an acute and persistent problem for humanity is participation in military activities, including local conflicts which oftentimes involve activities of radical organizations. Shooting, shelling, bombing, taking hostages, forceful retention, which provide imminent threat to the lives and well-being of people, belong to the most significant psychologically traumatic factors of modern life. The article looks into the consequences of the negative impact of the distress which civilians and refugees (including children) have gone through. Not infrequently these negative consequences lead to deterioration in the quality of life, development of pathological personality traits, social maladaptation, emergence of co-morbid mental and somatic diseases. In the number of the studies we analyzed it is emphasized that massive negative impact on the mental health from the multiple traumatizing factors turns out to be more devastating in the long run than it is in the beginning. Therefore, the following becomes critically important: the earliest possible detection of mental and behavioral disorders in the victims, preventive treatment of their post-stress disorders at the remote stages of the traumatic experience as well as their complete and timely rehabilitation and reintegration into society.

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1203 LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MODERATE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION DURING PREGNANCY

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-198104001-01229 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 643-643

Author(s):

John M Graham ◽

Betty L Darby ◽

Helen M Barr ◽

David W Smith ◽

Ann P Streissguth

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽

Long Term Effects

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Long-term effects of cigarette smoking and moderate alcohol consumption on coronary artery diameter

The American Journal of Medicine ◽

10.1016/0002-9343(86)90046-x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 37-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Linda P. Fried ◽

Richard D. Moore ◽

Thomas A. Pearson

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Coronary Artery Diameter

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Long-term Effects of Alcohol Consumption in Male and Female Rats

Cardiovascular Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s12012-007-9002-y ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 247-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Mariann R. Piano ◽

David L. Geenen ◽

Dorie W. Schwertz ◽

Shamim A. K. Chowdhury ◽

Milina Yuzhakova

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Female Rats ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats

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The Potential Impact of COVID-19 on Depression and Suicide Risk in Older Adults

OBM Neurobiology ◽

10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2104112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Stephanie H Gomez ◽

◽

Josephine Ridley ◽

Silvia C Hernandez ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Negative Outcomes ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Cognitive Health ◽

The World ◽

Potential Impact

COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths continue to skyrocket across the world, leaving a trail of enduring psychological turmoil. It wreaks havoc on the physical, emotional, and cognitive health of those directly infected, as well as caretakers, friends, and families. Though the pandemic has at least indirectly impacted most people, older adults appear to be the most vulnerable to COVID-19-related deaths and little is known about the psychological consequences. Unfortunately, many of the precautions taken to minimize infections may have inadvertent negative consequences among older adults. Most recently, researchers have highlighted the need to focus both on preventing the illness and preventing the potential deleterious psychological sequelae of trying to survive a pandemic. In the present paper, past pandemics are examined to hypothesize the likely long-term effects that COVID-19 may have on depression and suicide risk in older adults and to provide guidance on strategies to mitigate the potential negative outcomes.

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