Association of Bovine Lymphocyte Antigens with Milk Fat Percentage Differences

Ninety progeny tested Canadian Ayrshire bulls were serologically typed for the BoLA-A locus to determine the association of these alleles with production traits. After exclusion of bulls carrying alleles that occurred at frequencies lower than 2% or whose production proofs were not available, records from 78 bulls remained for analysis. A gene substitution model, which included the effects of BoLA alleles and the breeding value of the sire of the bull as covariate, was used to evaluate the additive effects of BoLA alleles of bulls (ETAs) on the production traits of their daughters. Allele W17 was significantly associated with ETA for milk, fat and protein yields. Allele CA96 was associated with significant increases in ETA for fat yield. There was no significant association of BoLA alleles with either ETA for fat or protein percentage. Key words: BoLA, production traits, Ayrshire

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Whey as an indicator for standardizing cow’s milk fat percentage for cheese production

International Journal of Business and Applied Social Science ◽

10.33642/ijbass.v6n3p3 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 33-39

Author(s):

Prof. Asoc. Dr. Shurki MAXHUNI ◽

Prof.Asiss.Dr.Nerimane BAJRAKTARI

Keyword(s):

Milk Fat ◽

Economic Indicator ◽

Peculiar Feature ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Heated Milk ◽

Sweet Whey ◽

Acid Whey

The dairy industry seems to have convinced the food industry that whey is a miracle product. The list of supposed benefits it gives to food is as long as your arm. Some of the benefits may be real. Whey is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained. It is a by-product of the manufacture of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses. To produce cheese, rennet or an edible acid is added to heated milk. This makes the milk coagulate or curdle, separating the milk solids (curds) from the liquid whey. Sweet whey is the byproduct of rennet-coagulated cheese and acid whey (also called sour whey) is the byproduct of acid-coagulated cheese. Sweet whey has a pH greater than or equal to 5.6, acid whey has a pH less than or equal to 5.1. Whey is also a great way to add sweetness to a product without having to list sugar as an ingredient as whey contains up to 75% lactose. And it sounds healthy. This study is done to research the examinations for the production of mozzarella cheese from Cow’s milk, after research and analyses of a physical-chemical peculiar feature of whey from coagulum. We have followed the processes from the drying of whey from the coagulum analyzer's physical-chemical peculiar feature. We carried out three experiments. For every experiment, we took three patterns and analyzed the physical-chemical. The calculation was appraised statistically. This paper deals with the research of% of whey fat during the process of milk production from standardized to non-standardized milk. Where% of whey fat should be an economic indicator for standardizing milk for dairy production.

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Accuracy and sensitivity of different Bayesian methods for genomic prediction using simulation and real data

Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1515/sagmb-2019-0007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Saheb Foroutaifar

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Bayesian Methods ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Prediction Accuracy ◽

Real Data ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Real Data Analysis ◽

Wide Range ◽

High Heritability ◽

Qtl Effects

AbstractThe main objectives of this study were to compare the prediction accuracy of different Bayesian methods for traits with a wide range of genetic architecture using simulation and real data and to assess the sensitivity of these methods to the violation of their assumptions. For the simulation study, different scenarios were implemented based on two traits with low or high heritability and different numbers of QTL and the distribution of their effects. For real data analysis, a German Holstein dataset for milk fat percentage, milk yield, and somatic cell score was used. The simulation results showed that, with the exception of the Bayes R, the other methods were sensitive to changes in the number of QTLs and distribution of QTL effects. Having a distribution of QTL effects, similar to what different Bayesian methods assume for estimating marker effects, did not improve their prediction accuracy. The Bayes B method gave higher or equal accuracy rather than the rest. The real data analysis showed that similar to scenarios with a large number of QTLs in the simulation, there was no difference between the accuracies of the different methods for any of the traits.

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Fatty acid profile of milk from Nordestina donkey breed raised on Caatinga pasture

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029921000388 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Tayanna Bernardo Oliveira Nunes Messias ◽

Susana Paula Alves ◽

Rui José Branquinho Bessa ◽

Marta Suely Madruga ◽

Maria Teresa Bertoldo Pacheco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Donkey Milk ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Milk Samples ◽

The Third ◽

Commercial Viability

Abstract In this research communication we describe the composition of fatty acids (FA) present in the milk of the Nordestina donkey breed, and how they differ during lactation. Milk samples were taken from 24 multiparous lactating Nordestina donkeys that grazed the Caatinga, comprising 5 animals at each of around 30, 60 and 90 d in milk (DIM) and a further 9 animals ranging from 120 to 180 DIM. The milk fat content was analysed by mid infrared spectroscopy and the FA profile by gas chromatography. The milk fat percentage ranged from 0.45 to 0.61%. The main FA found in milk were 16:0 and 18:1c9. These did not differ among DIM classes and comprised 23% and 25% of total FA. Notably, the α-Linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) was the third most abundant FA and differed (P < 0.05) with DIM, being lowest in the 30 and 60 DIM samples (around 10.7% of total FA) and highest in the 60 and 90 DIM classes (around 14.6% of total FA). The low-fat content and the FA profile of the donkey milk gives it potential as a functional ingredient, which could help to preserve the commercial viability of the Nordestina donkey breed.

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PSI-3 Effects of housing cow-calf pairs in drylots vs pasture during the summer on cow performance

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa054.398 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 228-228

Author(s):

Keiffer Sexton ◽

Megan Myerscough ◽

Wesley Chapple ◽

William T Meteer ◽

Keela Trennepohl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Binary Data ◽

Pregnancy Rates ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Beef Cow ◽

Dried Distillers Grains ◽

Milk Urea ◽

Cow Performance

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effects of maintaining cows in drylots vs pasture on beef cow performance. Spring-calving, Simmental × Angus cows (n = 108; 84 ± 11 d postpartum) were stratified by age, BW, BCS, calving date, and sex of calves and allotted to 6 groups. Groups were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments for 110 d: drylot (DL) or pasture (PAST). Drylot cows were limit-fed a ration consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grains, hay, corn stalks, corn, and soybean hulls to meet protein and energy requirements. Cows on pasture were rotationally grazed and offered free-choice mineral. On d 0, cows were artificially inseminated (AI). On d 0, 53, and 110 (weaning), cow BW and BCS were measured. On d 54 milk production was estimated using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. All binary data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. On d 0 and 53, cow BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.73) between DL and PAST. On d 110, DL cows had 74 kg greater (P < 0.01) BW than PAST cows. The BCS did not differ (P ≥ 0.66) between treatments. There was no difference in milk production (P = 0.93); however, drylot cows tended (P = 0.10) to have reduced milk fat percentage and had reduced (P < 0.01) milk urea nitrogen. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.34) in AI or overall pregnancy rates between treatments. There was no difference in foot angle or claw set (P ≥ 0.17) of cows at any time point. There was also no difference (P = 0.17) in foot treatments between DL (39%) and PAST (4%). Housing cows in drylots compared to pasture increased BW, but did not affect BCS, milk production, and pregnancy rates.

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Record keeping, genetic selection, educational experience and farm management effects on average milk yield per cow, milk fat percentage, bacterial score and bulk tank somatic cell count of dairy farms in the Central region of Thailand

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-008-9141-6 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 40 (8) ◽

pp. 627-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. A. Rhone ◽

S. Koonawootrittriron ◽

M. A. Elzo

Keyword(s):

Milk Fat ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Genetic Selection ◽

Farm Management ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Record Keeping ◽

Bulk Tank ◽

Management Effects ◽

Bacterial Score

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Effect of body condition at calving and level of feeding in early lactation on milk production of dairy cows

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9820009 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 22 (115) ◽

pp. 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

C Grainger ◽

GD Wilhelms ◽

AA McGowan

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Body Condition ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Body Condition Score ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Input Output ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Feeding Management ◽

Condition Score ◽

Degree Of Confidence

Two experiments were carried out to measure effects of body condition at calving and different levels of feeding after calving on milk and subsequent reproduction.In experiment 1, which was conducted in two consecutive years, 162 cows (77 in year 1 and 85 in year 2) were group feed so as to reach a target body condition (condition scores ranging from 3-6) four weeks before calving. During the last four weeks before calving, all cows were managed so as to maintain their individual condition scores. At calving, cows in similar condition of similar breed and with similar previous milk production were allocated to high and low levels of feeding at pasture for the first five weeks of lactation. Mean pasture intakes were 13.0 and 7.0kg dry matter (DM)/cow.d in year 1 and 15.0 and 8.5 kg DM/cow.d in year 2In experiment 2, 40 cows were offered pasture and hay from 20 weeks before calving to achieve a body condition score of either 4 or 6 by two weeks before calving. During the first five weeks of lactation, cows were individually fed in stalls on freshly cut pasture at one of three levels of intake, 7 or 10 kg DM/cow.d or .In both experiments cows were grazed as one group from week 6 to 20 of lactation.Improved body condition at calving resulted in an extra 4.0, 11.0 and 7.4 kg milk fat per unit condition score over 20 weeks of lactation, for year 1 and 2 of experiment 1, and experiment 2, respectively. Cows in poorer condition partitioned a higher proportion of feed energy to liveweight at the expense of milk production than did the cows in better condition. However, increasing the plane of nutrition in early lactation resulted in higher levels of milk production and reduced the need for cows to mobilize bodyreserves. Improved body condition at calving had a positive effect on milk fat percentage, particularly in early lactation, but did not affect milk protein percentage. Input-output relations calculated from the experimental data showed that the benefit sf to improve body condition before calving was less than that of additional feeding after calvin changes in the condition of the cows were taken into consideration (25.8 vs 1 4.6 kg DM to yi kilogram of milkfat). Improvements in condition and feeding in early lactation reduced the anoestrus interval after calving by 5.7 d for each additional condition score at calving and 1. d for each additional kgDM/cow.d fed over weeks 1-5 of lactation. The input-output relations resented will enable farmers to assess the likely consequenes of changes in their feeding management in the crucial peripartum period with a greater degree of confidence than in the past.

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DAY-TO-DAY VARIATIONS IN FAT PERCENT OF COW'S MILK

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas90-090 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 731-734 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. S. ATWAL ◽

J. D. ERFLE

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Key Words ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Supplemental Feeding ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Milk Fat Depression ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

Large day-to-day variations in milk fat, particularly for the morning milkings, were observed in 36 Holstein cows. Changes in percent fat were gradual and produced wavelike patterns in a number of instances. Supplemental feeding of long hay had no effect on acetate/propionate ratio in rumen fluid, daily milk yield or weighted milk fat percentage. Key words: Dairy cows, milk, fat depression, hay

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