Fatty acid profile of milk from Nordestina donkey breed raised on Caatinga pasture

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tayanna Bernardo Oliveira Nunes Messias ◽  
Susana Paula Alves ◽  
Rui José Branquinho Bessa ◽  
Marta Suely Madruga ◽  
Maria Teresa Bertoldo Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Donkey Milk ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
Commercial Viability

Abstract In this research communication we describe the composition of fatty acids (FA) present in the milk of the Nordestina donkey breed, and how they differ during lactation. Milk samples were taken from 24 multiparous lactating Nordestina donkeys that grazed the Caatinga, comprising 5 animals at each of around 30, 60 and 90 d in milk (DIM) and a further 9 animals ranging from 120 to 180 DIM. The milk fat content was analysed by mid infrared spectroscopy and the FA profile by gas chromatography. The milk fat percentage ranged from 0.45 to 0.61%. The main FA found in milk were 16:0 and 18:1c9. These did not differ among DIM classes and comprised 23% and 25% of total FA. Notably, the α-Linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) was the third most abundant FA and differed (P < 0.05) with DIM, being lowest in the 30 and 60 DIM samples (around 10.7% of total FA) and highest in the 60 and 90 DIM classes (around 14.6% of total FA). The low-fat content and the FA profile of the donkey milk gives it potential as a functional ingredient, which could help to preserve the commercial viability of the Nordestina donkey breed.

Studies of the secretion of milk of low fat content by cows on diets low in hay and high in concentrates: VII. The effect of administration of volatile fatty acids to cows giving normal milk and milk of low fat content

1959 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Balch ◽  
S. J. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Daily Administration ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Sodium Propionate

1. The administration of 0·5–1·5 kg. sodium acetate to cows in which the milk fat percentage had been reduced by diets low in hay and high in concentrates usually brought about an appreciable improvement in fat percentage. The extent of the response varied from slight to complete. The Reichert value of the milk fat fell with diets low in hay, but was raised by administration of acetate.2. The daily administration of 500 g. sodium acetate to cows receiving diets containing normal levels of hay and concentrates according to their milk yields did not affect the milk fat content.3. The daily administration of 414 g. sodium propionate did not restore fat percentages lowered by the diets low in hay. Butyrate appeared, in a test with one cow, to possess the restorative properties of acetate.4. With diets containing either 50 lb. silage as the sole roughage or 60 lb. fodder beet and only 6 lb. hay, fat percentages were the same as with a normal diet containing 16 lb. hay.

scholarly journals Lipid Globules and Fatty Acids in Milk of Lactating Raccoon (Nyctereutes procyonoides)

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
O. Szeleszczuk ◽  
P. Kilar ◽  
D. Maj
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Nyctereutes Procyonoides ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract In this study, milk samples (n=52) from nine healthy female raccoons at 3–45 days of lactation were manually collected at a regular morning hour from all active teats and used to investigate the changes of lipid globules size, fatty acids (FAs) profile and fat content.The results indicated that raccoon milk is characterized by a high fat content. Small lipid globules sizing up to 6 µm prevailed with their greatest share in milk during lactation phases I and III. The milk fat content was increasing with the proceeding lactation, whereas the content of free FAs had a decreasing tendency. Totally eighteen FAs were identified in raccoon milk. The unsaturated long-chain C18–C20 FAs were dominating (over 60%). The individual FAs contents in raccoon milk did not exceed 1%, except for palmitic, vaccenic and linoleic acids representing over 20% of the total FA content.The study results can be used for establishing the energy requirements during the suckling period for proper growth and development of puppies.

scholarly journals Effect of mare’s breed on the fatty acid composition of milk fat

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pietrzak-Fiećko ◽  
R. Tomczyński ◽  
A. Świstowska ◽  
Z. Borejszo ◽  
E. Kokoszko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Impact

Gas chromatography and IDF Standard method (1999) were used to analyze the fatty acid composition of milk fat of mares originating from the following breeds: 10 of Wielkopolska breed, 10 Konik Polski Horses, and 9 Polish Cold-blooded Horses. Eighty-seven mare’s milk samples were collected in the years 2000–2002. Unsaturated fatty acids were shown to prevail in the milk fat of mares of Wielkopolska breed (61.32%) and of Konik Polski mares (52.58%) whereas saturated acids prevailed in the milk fat of Cold Blooded mares (54.95%). The study revealed that the fatty acid composition of the investigated groups of mares was breed-specific. Of course, the impact of other uncontrolled factors such as nutrition is not excluded, either.

The effect of supplements of sucrose and of glucose monohydrate on the milk production and live weight of dairy cows

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Broster ◽  
J. D. Sutton ◽  
T. Smith ◽  
Valerie J. Broster ◽  
C. C. Balch
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
The Third ◽  
Effect Of Glucose

SUMMARYThree experiments on the effects of sugars on milk production and live weight of cows are described. Two experiments each with twelve cows were of latin square design with 5-week periods. The third was a continuous treatment experiment of 11 weeks duration with twenty cows. All the animals were in mid-lactation. Performance on the basal diet of hay and concentrates was compared to that when the basal diet was supplemented with 10·7 Meal digestible energy daily in the form of sucrose or glucose monohydrate or concentrates.Additional concentrates regularly increased milk yield, live-weight gain, solids-not-fat content of the milk, and yields of solids-not-fat and milk fat. Fat content of the milk was not affected.Sucrose had a small beneficial effect on milk yield; the effect of glucose monohydrate on yield was small and indecisive. Sucrose depressed milk fat percentage; the effect of glucose on milk fat percentage varied between experiments. Both sugars increased solids-not-fat content of the milk, solids-not-fat yield, and rate of live-weight gain.Over the longer treatment period in the third experiment milk fat content tended to recover partially for both sugar-supplemented rations. The effects on yield of milk and of milk fat did not alter. The effects on live-weight gain were established more decisively and the final order of the size of the beneficial effect of the supplements was: concentrates, glucose monohydrate, sucrose.At the end of the third experiment rumen, contents from all cows were sampled by stomach tube. The concentrates supplement had no effect on the proportions of volatile fatty acids. Both sugars depressed the proportion of acetic acid and increased the proportions of propionic, butyric and valeric acids. In all cases except that of butyric acid, where the reverse occurred, the effect of sucrose was greater than that of glucose monohydrate.

Influence of Milk Fat Higher in Unsaturated Fatty Acids on the Accuracy of Milk Fat Analyses by the Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Method

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 890-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
GENE A. STEGEMAN ◽  
ROBERT J. BAER ◽  
DAVID J. SCHINGOETHE ◽  
DAVID P. CASPER
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Unsaturated Fat ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopic

An experiment was conducted to investigate the reliability of milk fat measurement by the mid-infrared spectroscopic method when analyzing milk fat containing greater than normal amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. Sixteen mid-lactation Holstein cows were divided into four treatments including a control (C), control with bovine somatotropin (C+), bovine somatotropin and added dietary fat from sunflower seeds (Sun+), or bovine somatotropin and added dietary fat from safflower seeds (Saff+). Milks were sampled weekly for 16 weeks (n=256). Unsaturated fatty acid percentages in milk fat were 25.0, 28.4, 39.6, and 37.9 for C, C+, Sun+, and Saff+ treatments, respectively. Milk fat percentages measured by the Mojonnier fat extraction and mid-infrared spectroscopic methods were 2.99, 2.97; 3.06, 3.01; 2.73, 2.56; and 2.86, 2.74 for C, C+, Sun+, and Saff+ treatments, respectively. Results indicate the mid-infrared spectroscopic method underestimates the fat content in milk which is higher in unsaturated fatty acids. Dairy producers feeding diets with added fat from unsaturated fat sources may be underpaid for milk fat content when the milk is analyzed by the mid-infrared spectroscopic method. A possible remedy for this problem may be to have milk plants calibrate the mid-infrared spectroscopic instrument with milk samples containing higher than normal amounts of unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat.

Fat content and fatty acids profile of colostrum and milk of primitive Konik horses (Equus caballus gmelini Ant.) during six months of lactation

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Pikul ◽  
Jacek Wójtowski ◽  
Romualda Danków ◽  
Beata Kuczyńska ◽  
Jacek Łojek
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Equus Caballus ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile

The effect of the stage of lactation, the number of foals and age of the mare on changes in the fat content and fatty acid composition of colostrum and milk of primitive Konik horses was investigated. Colostrum and milk samples from 12 lactating mares were collected at the beginning of lactation, on the days 1 and 2 after foaling and then, starting from the first month of lactation, at 4-week intervals up to the sixth month of lactation. Significant differences were observed in fat content as well as the composition of some analysed fatty acids between colostrum and milk of mares of the Konik breed. The number of foalings and the age of mares did not have a statistically significant effect on the fat content in milk and had only a slight effect on the fatty acid composition. Milk produced by mares of the Konik breed is characterized by a considerable content of polyene fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms, a low ratio of n-6 fatty acids to n-3 fatty acids as well as low, highly advantageous values of atherogenic and thrombogenic indices.

scholarly journals Investigation of Non-Genetics Factors Affecting Milk-Fat Content and Milk-Fat Percentage Curves' Parameters In Azeri and Khuzestani Buffalo Breeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (26) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Karim Hasanpur ◽  
Seyad Abbas Rafat ◽  
Arash Javanmard ◽  
Davood Kianzad ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Factors Affecting

GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY FOR COWS’ MILK FATTY ACIDS DERIVED BY INFRARED SPECTRA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 352-354
Author(s):  
E.A. Gladyr ◽  
L.P. Ignatieva ◽  
I.A. Lashneva ◽  
A.A. Kositsin ◽  
O.A. Artemieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
First Results

The first results of the genome-wide associations analysis for fatty acids composition in cow milk by Russian Holsteinized Black-and-White and Holstein breeds were obtained. Genomic regions (QTL) associated with milk fat percentage, fatty acids synthesis, functional parameters of linear type for udder and leg traits, fertility features have been detected.

scholarly journals The Effect of CLA-Rich Isomerized Poppy Seed Oil on the Fat Level and Fatty Acid Profile of Cow and Sheep Milk

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bodkowski ◽  
Katarzyna Czyż ◽  
Anna Wyrostek ◽  
Paulina Cholewińska ◽  
Ewa Sokoła-Wysoczańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Poppy Seed ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Δ9 Desaturase

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of isomerized poppy seed oil (IPO) enriched with conjugated dienes of linoleic acid (CLA) on cow and sheep milk parameters (fat content, fatty acid profile, Δ9-desaturase index, and atherogenic index). The process of poppy seed oil alkaline isomerization caused the formation of CLA isomers with cis-9,trans-11, trans-10,cis-12, and cis-11,trans-13 configurations in the amounts of 31.2%, 27.6%, and 4.1% of total fatty acids (FAs), respectively. Animal experiments were conducted on 16 Polish Holstein Friesian cows (control (CTRL) and experimental (EXP), n = 8/group) and 20 East Friesian Sheep (CTRL and EXP, n = 10/group). For four weeks, animals from EXP groups received the addition of IPO in the amount of 1% of dry matter. Milk was collected three times: on days 7, 14, and 30. Diet supplementation with IPO decrease milk fat content (p < 0.01). Milk fat from EXP groups had higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including FAs with beneficial biological properties, that is, CLA and TVA (p < 0.01), and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, particularly short- (p < 0.01) and medium-chain FAs (p < 0.05). The addition of IPO led to a decrease in the atherogenic index.

scholarly journals Comparison of fatty acid composition in milk fat of Czech Pied cattle andHolsteincattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pešek ◽  
J. Špička ◽  
E. Samková
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
The Individual

In May 2003 differences in milk fat composition in two main dairy breeds in the Czech Republic, Czech Pied cattle and Holstein cattle, were studied in two uniform groups, each containing eight cows. The groups were housed together and received the same daily diet. Fatty acids were determined in mean milk samples from the individual cows as their methyl esters using a gas chromatography procedure. The groups of the fatty acids, namely saturated (SAFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) ones, were examined together with the individual acids. The milk fat of Czech Pied cattle was found to contain significantly less SAFAs than the fat of Holstein cows (60.78 and 63.62% of total acids; P &lt; 0.05). Determined mean MUFA contents (27.64 and 25.76%) and total levels (34.31 and 32.11%) of all the unsaturated acids (MUFAs and PUFAs) were insignificantly elevated in the milk fat of Czech Pied cattle. The contents of the most of the individual fatty acids did not differ considerably between the breeds. In Holstein cows, significantly higher contents (P &lt; 0.05) of capric acid (C<sub>10:0</sub>) and stearic acid (C<sub>18:0</sub>) 3.30 and 4.45%, respectively, as compared with 2.69 and 2.61% for Czech Pied cows, were observed. The milk fat of Czech Pied cows had significantly higher contents of oleic acid (C<sub>18:1</sub>) 23.60% (P &lt; 0.05) and of an isomer of octadecatrienic acid (C<sub>18:3n4</sub>) 0.16% (P &lt; 0.001) as compared with 21.68 and 0.10%, respectively, in the fat ofHolstein cows. &nbsp;

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