scholarly journals Difficulties in Written Communication Faced by the Students of Commerce: A Study Conducted at Graduate Level (B.Com)

2016 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Sana Gul
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Business Communication ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Written Communication ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Graduate Level ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Grammaticality Judgment ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of this paper is to highlight difficulties the students of Bachelor of commerce (B.Com) face in written communication. During the final year of B.com they study the subject of business communication focused on business correspondence. The major barrier for the students is their inability to use syntax correctly. For this purpose data were collected from 125 randomly selected students form institutes of commerce education in Bahawlapur using untimed grammaticality judgment test. This test was proposed by Rod Ellis (2005) and Erlam (2006) consisting of seventeen challenging grammatical structure. The result showed that majority of students were unable to use correctly the basic structure of English language syntax in their writing. In the posttest interviews they shared that they did not learn these basic structure of English ever in their academic career as they were forced to cram materials.

scholarly journals Teaching Commercial Correspondence for Business-English-Majored Students in Ho Chi Minh University of Food Industry: Difficulties and Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Pham Ngoc Son
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
English Language ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Business English ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Teaching Business ◽  
Grammaticality Judgment ◽  
Post Test ◽  
English Students

The aim of this paper is to figure out the difficulties the students of Bachelor of Business English in Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) face in commercial correspondence. During the 4th semester of Bachelor of Business English, students in HUFI study the course of commercial correspondence. The major barrier for these students is their inability to use terminology and syntax correctly. For this purpose, data were collected from 100 students from two Business-English-majored classes in HUFI using timed Grammaticality Judgment Tests proposed by Ellis, R. (2005). The results showed that most students were not familiar with terminology commonly used in commerce; they failed to use formal English language syntax in their correspondence writing. In the post-test interviews, students shared that they were not equipped with enough terminology used in commerce, and it was so complicated to use grammar correctly in commercial correspondence. The findings in this paper may serve as a foundation to figure out factors that need to be considered when designing materials and teaching business English.

scholarly journals The concept of the English language for specific purposes (ESP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Jelena Rajović ◽  
Marija Vuković ◽  
Jelena Lekić
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
21St Century ◽  
English Language ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Business Communication ◽  
Language For Specific Purposes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1960S

The English language of profession, as the basic means of international business communication, has been the subject of interest of linguists since the 1960s. Such a long tradition deserves attention, especially if we keep in mind the fact that the English language of profession has long been studied in the context of general English. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of the English language of profession, especially today in the 21st century when the development of science and technology reaches its peak. The paper presents the concept of the English language of the profession, which includes the main features of the English language, theories and contexts in which it is used.

The Correlation between the Using of English Language for Business Communication and Applying in e-Commerce of the Students in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payom Wongsansri ◽  
Arellado Ma Arlen Forro ◽  
Philip Amos ◽  
Bangsan Grace Calugan
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Business Communication

PUBLISHING PATTERNS IN SPECIALIST ACCOUNTING HISTORY JOURNALS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, 1996–1999

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry D. Carnegie ◽  
Brad N. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
English Language ◽  
Time Span ◽  
International Accounting ◽  
Accounting History ◽  
Classification Framework ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
The Subject

While accounting researchers have explored international publishing patterns in the accounting literature generally, little is known about recent contributions to the specialist international accounting history journals. Specifically, this study surveys publishing patterns in the three specialist, internationally refereed, accounting history journals in the English language during the period 1996 to 1999. The survey covers 149 contributions in total and provides empirical evidence on the location of their authors, the subject country or region in each investigation, and the time span of each study. It also classifies the literature examined based on the literature classification framework provided by Carnegie and Napier [1996].

Thermodynamics in Geochemistry

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg M. Anderson ◽  
David A. Crerar
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Graduate Level ◽  
Years Of Teaching Experience ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

This textbook and reference outlines the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, emphasizing applications in geochemistry. The work is distinguished by its comprehensive, balanced coverage and its rigorous presentation. The authors bring years of teaching experience to the work, and have attempted to particularly address those areas where other texts on the subject have provided inadequate coverage. A thorough review of the necessary mathematics is presented early on, both as a refresher for those with a background in university calculus, and for the benefit of those coming to the subject for the first time. The text is written for students in advanced undergraduate or graduate-level geochemistry as well as for all researchers in this field.

On the Legitimacy of Expectations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Brown
Keyword(s):  
Basic Structure ◽  
Legitimate Authority ◽  
Complex Theory ◽  
Role Responsibility ◽  
Administrative Agencies ◽  
Substantive Justice ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law

Section I identifies the weaknesses in existing accounts which locate the legitimacy of expectations in underpinning laws and legal entitlements (the Law-Based Account), in the substantive justice of expectations and/or the justice of the basic structure which forms the background to expectations (the Justice-Based Account), or in the legitimacy of the governing agencies and political authorities whose acts and omissions are both the cause and the subject of expectations (the Legitimate Authority-Based Account). Section II introduces a rival account, the Responsibility-Based Account, according to which the legitimacy of expectations depends on the responsibility of governmental administrative agencies for bringing about agent’s expectations, allied to those agencies already having been given or having assumed a role responsibility for making binding decisions affecting the important interests of agents. Finally, Section III expounds in more detail the complex theory of responsibility that undergirds the Responsibility-Based Account.

Expedition turned Invasion: The 1888 Sikkim Expedition through British, Indian and Chinese eyes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
YI MENG CHENG
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
British Government ◽  
British India ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
British Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
The Subject ◽  
British Foreign Office ◽  
Chinese And English

Abstract A fresh look at the 1888 Sikkim Expedition using both Chinese and English language sources yields very different conclusions from that of previous research on the subject. During the course of policymaking, the British Foreign Office and the British Government of India did not collaborate to devise a plan to invade Tibet; conversely, their aims differed and clashed frequently. During the years leading to war, the largest newspapers in British India gave plenty of coverage to the benefits of trade with Tibet, thus influencing British foreign policy and contributing indirectly to the outbreak of war. The Tibetan army was soundly defeated in the war, while the British troops suffered only light casualties. Although the Tibetan elites remained committed to the war, the lower classes of Tibetan society quickly grew weary of it. During the war, the British made much use of local spies and enjoyed an advantage in intelligence gathering, which contributed greatly to their victory. Finally, although the war was initially fought over trade issues, the demarcation of the Tibetan-Sikkim border replaced trade issues as the main point of contention during the subsequent peace negotiations. During the negotiations, Sheng Tai, the newly appointed Amban of Tibet, tried his best to defend China's interests.

Albert Schweitzer and the Jews

2014 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-398
Author(s):  
James Carleton Paget
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Long Life ◽  
The One

Albert Schweitzer's engagement with Judaism, and with the Jewish community more generally, has never been the subject of substantive discussion. On the one hand this is not surprising—Schweitzer wrote little about Judaism or the Jews during his long life, or at least very little that was devoted principally to those subjects. On the other hand, the lack of a study might be thought odd—Schweitzer's work as a New Testament scholar in particular is taken up to a significant degree with presenting a picture of Jesus, of the earliest Christian communities, and of Paul, and his scholarship emphasizes the need to see these topics against the background of a specific set of Jewish assumptions. It is also noteworthy because Schweitzer married a baptized Jew, whose father's academic career had been disadvantaged because he was a Jew. Moreover, Schweitzer lived at a catastrophic time in the history of the Jews, a time that directly affected his wife's family and others known to him. The extent to which this personal contact with Jews and with Judaism influenced Schweitzer either in his writings on Judaism or in his life will in part be the subject of this article.

Teaching oral requests

Pragmatics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Petraki ◽  
Sarah Bayes
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Cultural Appropriateness ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Communication

Research in English language teaching has highlighted the importance of teaching communication skills in the language classroom. Against the backdrop of extensive research in everyday communication, the goal of this research was to explore whether current discourse analytic research is reflected in the lessons and communication examples of five English language teaching textbooks, by using spoken requests as the subject of investigation. The textbooks were evaluated on five criteria deriving from research on politeness, speech act theory and conversation analysis. These included whether and the extent to which the textbooks discussed the cultural appropriateness of requests, discussed the relationship of requests and other contextual factors, explained pre-sequences and re-requests and provided adequate practice activities. This study found that none of the coursebooks covered all of the criteria and that some coursebooks actually had very inadequate lessons. The results of the textbook analysis demonstrate that teachers using these five coursebooks and designers of future coursebooks must improve their lessons on requests by using pragmatics research and authentic examples as a guide.

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