scholarly journals China's Growth as Superpower: Implications for US Policies

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Aftab Alam
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
String Of Pearls ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
China’S Growth

The rise of China economically, technologically and militarily has become an alarming threat for the superpower of the present century. The US is fighting a new Cold War to retain her hegemony all over the world. The policies of the new Cold War are quite different from those of the old Cold War. First Cold War was an ideological clash between the US and USSR, but the new Cold War is purely the US’s ambition to preserve its primacy all over the world. The aim of creating a "New Silk Road" and the strategy against String of Pearls is, in fact, the beginning of a new Cold War. Although the US and China are key trade partners, their competition cannot be unheeded. After 9/11 the politics of the world took a new turn and USA transformed her traditional policies towards major powers. This paper examines and analyse the policies of the US towards a militarily advanced and economic giant of the world like China.

scholarly journals Future of US-China Relations: Conflict, Competition or Cooperation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Saad Zaidi ◽  
Adam Saud
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Eastern Hemisphere ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China

In contemporary times, the geo-political agenda and geo-economic strategy of the world is being dominated by the ongoing US-China hegemonic competition. Where the United States is trying to prolong the ‘unipolar moment’ and deter the rise of China; China is trying to establish itself as the hegemon in the Eastern hemisphere, an alternate to the US. The entirely opposite interests of the two Great Powers have initiated a hostile confrontational competition for domination. This paper seeks to determine the future nature of the US-China relations; will history repeat itself and a bloody war be fought to determine the leader of the pack? or another prolonged Cold War will be fought, which will end when one side significantly weakens and collapses? Both dominant paradigms of International Relations, Realism and Liberalism, are used to analyze the future nature of the US-China relations.

Uncertain Times: The Reconstruction of China–US Relationship

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Weixing CHEN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trump Administration

The rise of China has shaken, to some extent, the pillars sustaining the US dominance in the world. Facing structural challenges from China, the United States has responded on three levels: political, strategic and policy. The Donald Trump administration has adopted a hard-line approach while attempting to engage China at the structural level. The China–US relationship is entering uncertain times, and the reconstruction of the relationship could take a decade.

China

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-168
Author(s):  
John R. Allen ◽  
F. Ben Hodges ◽  
Julian Lindley-French
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Transatlantic Relationship ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Eu

What threat does China pose to Europe’s future defence? The US has long been a ‘European’ actor; China is fast becoming one. The impact of the irresistible rise of China on Europe’s future defence will be profound post-COVID-19. Most notably, China is imposing a form of ‘imperial overstretch’ on the US, forcing it to make choices of weakness. China is also a Jekyll and Hyde—both constructive and invasive. COVID-19 has revealed the extent to which China seeks to exploit globalization/Chinaization to impose its will. The Belt and Road Initiative and the indebtedness of many European states already enables China to exert its influence through those states on the EU, NATO, and the transatlantic relationship. As such, the rise of China is the biggest single geopolitical change factor to impact Europe’s defence since 1939. It also implies a nightmare in which China and Russia join forces to weaken the Americans by creating simultaneous chaos the world over, rendering European defence incapable at a time and place of Beijing and Moscow’s choosing.

The Emergence of the New Cold War: The Syrian and Ukraine Conflicts

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-156
Author(s):  
Mediel Hove
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World

This article evaluates the emergence of the new Cold War using the Syrian and Ukraine conflicts, among others. Incompatible interests between the United States (US) and Russia, short of open conflict, increased after the collapse of the former Soviet Union. This article argues that the struggle for dominance between the two superpowers, both in speeches and deed, to a greater degree resembles what the world once witnessed before the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991. It asserts that despite the US’ unfettered power, after the fall of the Soviet Union, it is now being checked by Russia in a Cold War fashion.

scholarly journals THE US POLICY SHIFT FROM ‘PIVOT TO ASIA’ TO ‘FREE INDO PACIFIC’: IMPLICATIONS FOR PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Tatheer Zahra Sherazi ◽  
Amna Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Pivot To Asia ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Offensive Realism ◽  
Policy Shift

Asia Pacific, which is extended Eastward to the states of Oceania, Westward to Pakistan, Southward to New Zealand, and Northward to Mongolia, is currently a pivot of the globe due to its economic growth. Since last two decades, it has got status of ‘growth center’ owing to its high economic growth rate. The United States (US) had been very active in Asia Pacific throughout the Cold War period, but in post-Cold War era, it was disengaged due to its pre-occupation in Middle East. However, the rise of China attracted US again with multiple arrangements at political, economic and social fronts. There are two world views about the US presence in Asia Pacific. The first one asserts that the Asia Pacific is more secure without the presence of US, while others takes the US presence as a patron for stability and solidarity within the region. The US policy of ‘Pivot to Asia’, ‘Asia Pacific’ commonly known as ‘Rebalancing’ ensured its new commitment of deep engagement in Southeast Asia. Policy shift under Trump administration from ‘Pivot to Asia’ to ‘Free Indo-Pacific’ has direct as well indirect implications for Pakistan. The study analyses the US strategies and polices under the theory of ‘Offensive Realism,’ where ‘rational powers uncertain of intentions and capable of military offensive strive to survive’. Analytical, descriptive approaches are adopted in order to analyse US ongoing strategies.

scholarly journals On the Economic Impacts of the Coronavirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
István Posgay ◽  
Gábor Regős ◽  
Diána Horváth ◽  
Dániel Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
High Propensity ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
China’S Growth

The year 2020 saw a new eco­nomic crisis shake the world more deeply than the 2008 one. This down­turn dif­fers from the pre­vi­ous ones: in­stead of the in­ternal pat­terns of the in­di­vidual eco­nom­ies, the pre­dom­in­ant factors to de­term­ine the pace of fall are the con­straints re­lated to the pan­demic. Al­though most of the cur­rently used anti-crisis tools had already de­veloped as a res­ult of the 2008 crisis, new ele­ments in­clude in­creased har­mon­isa­tion between the mon­et­ary and fiscal policies and the speed of their ap­plic­a­tion. The vari­ous eco­nom­ies will re­cover from the eco­nomic low point fun­da­ment­ally by eco­nomic factors, sup­por­ted by fiscal and mon­et­ary policy in­stru­ments, but pan­demic obstacles may emerge and com­pel them to halt. An­other prob­lem is that it may take sev­eral years to achieve pre-crisis out­put levels. This is due to pop­u­la­tion age­ing, the cas­caded de­ploy­ment of the anti-crisis tools, the fu­ture com­pul­sion to re­duce in­debted­ness, the side-ef­fects of the ap­plied anti-crisis rem­ed­ies, the time re­quired by the re­or­gan­isa­tion of global sup­ply chains, slow­down in China’s growth, the ex­pec­ted slow re­cov­ery of the US eco­nomy and the too high propensity to save on be­half of the con­sumers of cer­tain European coun­tries.

scholarly journals ANALYZING AMERICAN VALUES IN BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE (BRI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 1439-1447
Author(s):  
Siti Nurhasanah ◽  
Marthen Napang ◽  
Syaiful Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Manifest Destiny ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Silk Route ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was initiated by Xi Jinping after being elected as the president of China in 2012. BRI connects Asia, Africa, and Europe based on shared-destiny to created trade routes integrates main centers of economic vitality. This project gave benefit for all participating countries, such as providing help for poorer regions. Even China created a financial system that supports this project, called The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and The New Development Bank (NDB). China's efforts to expand its influence in the world are similar to US efforts in the 19th century, known as Manifest Destiny. Americans believed that the US is destined to expand the territories westward approaching Pacific Ocean and spreading democracy. This effort is also highly related to their belief that the US is a City upon a Hill. There was some belief that the US becomes a great country that leads other nations in the world. The focus of this paper is two American beliefs in the context of China's effort to increasing its economic and military power in the world by reactivating the Silk route. The author uses the concept of Tianxia as City upon a Hill and Manifest Destiny in Chinese version in analyzing China's measures to increase its strength on an international level. The author will further analyze how these beliefs being adopted by Chinese government in realizing its dream of regaining the glory of managing silk-road, making it the new silk-road. Keywords: Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), New Silk Route, Manifest Destiny, City upon a Hill, Tianxia

scholarly journals THE US’ CONTAINMENT STRATEGY AGAINST CHINA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE US-CHINA RELATIONS AT INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM LEVEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Ngoc Anh
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
International System ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Level ◽  
Territorial Sovereignty ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Containment Strategy ◽  
The Rise Of China

The article analyzes the US’ containment strategy against China at international system level, including the reason, main actions, and impact of this strategy on the US-China relations. The article supposes the main reason for making the strategy is the US’ desire to preserve her hegemony over the rise of China. The strategy consists of five main moves: economic restraint, technology restraint, restraint of territorial sovereignty ambition, assault on soft power, military deterrence, and prevention of coalition alliances. These moves will make the US-China relationship increasingly tense. However, except for the excess of the limit of restraining territorial sovereignty ambition, especially related to Taiwan, the other moves may make the US-China relations tense, but will not drive these two countries to war.

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