scholarly journals Categorizing cortical dysplasia lesions for surgical outcome using network functional connectivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdullah S. Bdaiwi ◽  
Hansel M. Greiner ◽  
James Leach ◽  
Francesco T. Mangano ◽  
Mark W. DiFrancesco
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is often associated with drug-resistant epilepsy, leading to a recommendation to surgically remove the seizure focus. Predicting outcome for resection of FCD is challenging, requiring a new approach. Lesion-symptom mapping is a powerful and broadly applicable method for linking neurological symptoms or outcomes to damage to particular brain regions. In this work, the authors applied lesion network mapping, an expansion of the traditional approach, to search for the association of lesion network connectivity with surgical outcomes. They hypothesized that connectivity of lesion volumes, preoperatively identified by MRI, would associate with seizure outcomes after surgery in a pediatric cohort with FCD. METHODS This retrospective study included 21 patients spanning the ages of 3 months to 17.7 years with FCD lesions who underwent surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy. The mean brain-wide functional connectivity map of each lesion volume was assessed across a database of resting-state functional MRI data from healthy children (spanning approximately 2.9 to 18.9 years old) compiled at the authors’ institution. Lesion connectivity maps were averaged across age and sex groupings from the database and matched to each patient. The authors sought to associate voxel-wise differences in these maps with subject-specific surgical outcome (seizure free vs persistent seizures). RESULTS Lesion volumes with persistent seizures after surgery tended to have stronger connectivity to attention and motor networks and weaker connectivity to the default mode network compared with lesion volumes with seizure-free surgical outcome. CONCLUSIONS Network connectivity–based lesion-outcome mapping may offer new insight for determining the impact of lesion volumes discerned according to both size and specific location. The results of this pilot study could be validated with a larger set of data, with the ultimate goal of allowing examination of lesions in patients with FCD and predicting their surgical outcomes.

Reading in children with drug‐resistant epilepsy was related to functional connectivity in cognitive control regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 (10) ◽  
pp. 2105-2111
Author(s):  
Dror Kraus ◽  
Jennifer Vannest ◽  
Ravindra Arya ◽  
John S. Hutton ◽  
James L. Leach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Control Regions

Clinico-pathological factors influencing surgical outcome in drug resistant epilepsy secondary to mesial temporal sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 340 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.V. Savitr Sastri ◽  
A. Arivazhagan ◽  
Sanjib Sinha ◽  
Anita Mahadevan ◽  
R.D. Bharath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

scholarly journals Epileptogenicity and surgical outcome in post stroke drug resistant epilepsy in children and adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 106155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Marchi ◽  
Daniela Pennaroli ◽  
Stanislas Lagarde ◽  
Aileen McGonigal ◽  
Francesca Bonini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

scholarly journals Functional Connectivity MR Imaging of the Language Network in Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pravatà ◽  
C. Sestieri ◽  
D. Mantini ◽  
C. Briganti ◽  
G. Colicchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Language Network

scholarly journals Graph theory for EEG: can we learn to trust another black box?

Brain ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
pp. 3663-3666
Author(s):  
Garnett C Smith ◽  
William C Stacey
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Virtual resection predicts surgical outcome for drug-resistant epilepsy’ by Kini et al. (doi:10.1093/brain/awz303).

scholarly journals Impact of the Ketogenic Diet on Linear Growth in Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of 34 Cases

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferraris ◽  
Guglielmetti ◽  
Pasca ◽  
De Giorgis ◽  
Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Data on the impact of the ketogenic diet (KD) on children’s growth remain controversial. Here, we retrospectively investigated the occurrence of linear growth retardation in 34 children (47% males; age range: 2−17 years) diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE; n = 14) or glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS; n = 20) who had been treated with the KD for 12 months. The general characteristics of children with and without growth retardation were also compared. All participants received a full-calorie, traditional KD supplemented with vitamins, minerals, and citrate. Most children (80%; 11/14 in the DRE subgroup and 16/20 in the GLUT1-DS subgroup) treated with the KD did not show growth retardation at 12 months. Although participants with and without delay of growth did not differ in terms of baseline clinical characteristics, dietary prescriptions, or supplementation patterns, marked ketosis at 12 months tended to occur more frequently in the latter group. Altogether, our results indicate that growth retardation may occur in a minority of children treated with the KD. However, further research is required to identify children at risk and to clarify how increased ketones levels may affect endocrine pathways regulating growth during KD administration.

A prospective controlled study on the impact of anterior temporal lobectomy on dream content

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Holger Joswig ◽  
Chloe Gui ◽  
Miguel Arango ◽  
Andrew G. Parrent ◽  
Keith W. MacDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Dream Content ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study

OBJECTIVE Changes of dream ability and content in patients with brain lesions have been addressed in only about 100 case reports. All of these reports lack data regarding prelesional baseline dream content. Therefore, it was the objective of this study to prospectively assess dream content before and after anterior temporal lobectomy. METHODS Using the Hall and Van de Castle system, 30 dreams before and 21 dreams after anterior temporal lobectomy for drug-resistant epilepsy were analyzed. Fifty-five dreams before and 60 dreams after stereoelectroencephalography served as controls. RESULTS After anterior temporal lobectomy, patients had significantly less physical aggression in their dreams than preoperatively (p < 0.01, Cohen’s h statistic). Dream content of patients undergoing stereoelectroencephalography showed no significant changes. CONCLUSIONS Within the default dream network, the temporal lobe may account for aggressive dream content. Impact of general anesthesia on dream content, as a possible confounder, was ruled out.

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