Microsurgical approaches to the cerebellar interpeduncular region: qualitative and quantitative analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Juan Leonardo Serrato-Avila ◽  
Juan Alberto Paz Archila ◽  
Marcos Devanir Silva da Costa ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Rocha ◽  
Sergio Ricardo Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Bridging Veins ◽  
Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach ◽  
Occipital Transtentorial Approach ◽  
Cerebellar Lesions ◽  
Surgical Corridor ◽  
Transtentorial Approach

OBJECTIVE The cerebellar interpeduncular region (CIPR) is a gate for dorsolateral pontine and cerebellar lesions accessed through the supracerebellar infratentorial approach (SCITa), the occipital transtentorial approach (OTa), or the subtemporal transtentorial approach (STa). The authors sought to compare the exposures of the CIPR region that each of these approaches provided. METHODS Three approaches were performed bilaterally in eight silicone-injected cadaveric heads. The working area, area of exposure, depth of the surgical corridor, length of the interpeduncular sulcus (IPS) exposed, and bridging veins were statistically studied and compared based on each approach. RESULTS The OTa provided the largest working area (1421 mm2; p < 0.0001) and the longest surgical corridor (6.75 cm; p = 0.0006). Compared with the SCITa, the STa provided a larger exposure area (249.3 mm2; p = 0.0148) and exposed more of the length of the IPS (1.15 cm; p = 0.0484). The most bridging veins were encountered with the SCITa; however, no significant differences were found between this approach and the other approaches (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS To reach the CIPR, the STa provided a more extensive exposure area and more linear exposure than did the SCITa. The OTa offered a larger working area than the SCIT and the STa; however, the OTa had the most extensive surgical corridor. These data may help neurosurgeons select the most appropriate approach for lesions of the CIPR.

scholarly journals Outdated Views of Qualitative Methods: Time to Move On

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Collier ◽  
Henry E. Brady ◽  
Jason Seawright
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Both qualitative and quantitative research routinely fall short, producing misleading causal inferences. Because these weaknesses are in part different, we are convinced that multimethod strategies are productive. Each approach can provide additional leverage that helps address shortcomings of the other. This position is quite distinct from that of Beck, who believes that the two types of analysis cannot be adjoined. We review examples of adjoining that Beck dismisses, based on what we see as his outdated view of qualitative methods. By contrast, we show that these examples demonstrate how qualitative and quantitative analysis can work together.

scholarly journals Rapid Screening and Quantitative Analysis of 74 Pesticide Residues in Herb by Retention Index Combined with GC-QQQ-MS/MS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Peng Tan ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Xi-Chuan Wei ◽  
Hao-Zhou Huang ◽  
Ding-Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Retention Index ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

In this research, a very practical QuEChERS-GC-MS/MS analytical approach for 74 pesticide residues in herb based on retention index was established. This novel analytical approach has two important technical advantages. One advantage is to quickly screen pesticide compounds in herbs without having to use a large number of pesticide standard substances at the beginning of the experiment. The other advantage is to assist in identifying the target pesticide compound accurately. A total of 74 kinds of pesticides were quickly prescreened in all chuanxiong rhizoma samples. The results showed that three kinds of pesticides were screened out in all the samples, including chlorpyrifos, fipronil, and procymidone, and the three pesticides were qualitatively and quantitatively determined. The RSD values for interday and intraday variation were acquired to evaluate the precision of the analytical approach, and the overall interday and intraday variations are not more than 1.97% and 3.82%, respectively. The variations of concentrations of the analyzed three pesticide compounds in sample CX16 are 0.74%–4.15%, indicating that the three pesticides in the sample solutions were stable in 48 h. The spiked recoveries of the three pesticides are 95.22%, 93.03%, and 94.31%, and the RSDs are less than ± 6.0%. The methodological verification results indicated the good reliability and accuracy of the new analytical method. This research work is a new application of retention index, and it will be a valuable tool to assist quickly and accurately in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of multipesticide residues in herbs.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Flower Pigments in Chocolate Cosmos, Cosmos Atrosanguineus, and its Hybrids

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Kotarou Amamiya ◽  
Tsukasa Iwashina
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flower Pigments ◽  
Quantitative Hplc ◽  
Black Flower

Two major anthocyanins, cyanidin 3- O-glucoside and 3- O-rutinoside, were isolated from the black flowers of Cosmos atrosanguineus cultivar ‘Choco Mocha’, together with three minor anthocyanins, cyanidin 3- O-malonylglucoside, pelargonidin 3- O-glucoside and 3- O-rutinoside. A chalcone, butein 4′- O-glucoside and three minor flavanones were isolated from the red flowers of C. atrosanguineus x C. sulphureus cultivar ‘Rouge Rouge'. The anthocyanins and chalcone accumulation of cultivar ‘Choco Mocha’ and its hybrid cultivars ‘Brown Rouge’, ‘Forte Rouge’, ‘Rouge Rouge’ and ‘Noel Rouge’ was surveyed by quantitative HPLC. Total anthocyanins of black flower cultivars ‘Choco Mocha’ and ‘Brown Rouge’ were 3-4-folds higher than that of the red flower cultivar ‘Noel Rouge'. On the other hand, total chalcone of ‘Noel Rouge’ was 10–77-folds higher compared with those of other cultivars, ‘Brown Rouge’, ‘Forte Rouge’ and ‘Rouge Rouge'. It was shown that the flower color variations from red to black of Chocolate Cosmos and its hybrids are due to the difference in the relative amounts of anthocyanins and chalcone.

scholarly journals Recycling behaviour in a multicultural urban area in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krushna Mahapatra ◽  
◽  
Atefeh Dadvar ◽  
Brijesh Mainali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Housing Area ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Town

Alabastern, a multicultural rental housing area in the Växjö city of Sweden, was identified as poor at recycling household waste compared to other housing areas in the town. In this paper, a qualitative and quantitative analysis is conducted to understand the underlying causes of waste recycling behaviour of the tenants. Results showed that majority of the studied participants perceived themselves to be environmentally friendly. They reported that they recycled household waste quite often, but it was the other tenants who did not sort their waste properly. The respondents identified the causes of the improper waste recycling as lack of attitude and awareness, limitation of communication, sense of insecurity, lack of means to transport bulky waste, limitation of the recycling room, and inadequate action by the housing company Växjöbostäder.

Comparison of the Infratentorial and Transtentorial Approaches to the Pineal Region

Neurosurgery ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Reid ◽  
Kemp W. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach ◽  
Occipital Transtentorial Approach ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
Transtentorial Approach

Abstract During the past 10 years, two different operative approaches to the pineal region have been recommended by different authors. Numerous reports have appeared in the literature, indicating the safe use of one or the other of these two techniques for the excision of masses in the pineal region. This paper reports experience with both techniques in the treatment of 15 patients with mass lesions in this area. Four patients underwent a supracerebellar infratentorial approach and 11 patients underwent an occipital transtentorial approach to the pineal region. These two approaches are compared in terms of anatomical exposure, technical difficulties, and real or potential complications. The authors prefer the occipital transtentorial approach in dealing with lesions in the pineal region.

Conjunctive structures in learner English

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-264
Author(s):  
Kristin Davidse ◽  
Liesbet Heyvaert ◽  
An Laffut
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Real World ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
States Of Affairs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

In this paper we address the issue of conjunction use in learner writing from a text-structuring angle, focusing on hortatory expositions by NNS learners and NS professionals. The learners are advanced Dutch-speaking students of English, while the professionals are journalists writing for British quality newspapers. We investigate how external conjunctive items (CIs), which express real-world relations between states of affairs, interact with internal CIs, which relate to the writer’s speech acts or modal positions, to construct specific rhetorical macro-structures, or conjunctive profiles. On the basis of qualitative and quantitative analysis, we identify four profiles: (1) predominance of internal CIs, (2) predominant use of external CIs, (3) spreading of external and internal CIs over the whole essay, (4) concentration of internal CIs in introduction and conclusion. The first profile is exclusive to NNS learner writing, but the other three profiles are found in both NNS and NS expositions. Gross overuse of CIs is found in the first and second learner profiles only. Overall, the advanced learner essays display emergent conjunctive macro-structuring, which teaching can build on.

scholarly journals Qualitative and quantitative analysis of environmental damages through instauration and registers of lawful documents

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Hehl de Sylos Cintra ◽  
José Eduardo dos Santos ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Moschini ◽  
José Salatiel Rodrigues Pires ◽  
Carlos Henke-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Environmental Damages ◽  
City State ◽  
The Relationship

A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the environmental damages occurrences was conducted through the lawful documents established for charging at the State Prosecution Service of São Carlos city, State of São Paulo, during 1991 - 2000, to understand the relationship between environmental problems and the current development actions. The environmental damage identified were grouped into nine classes, where deforestation was prevailing in each year along the period of study. Of the total number of deforestation occurrences, 180 was related to areas smaller than 5 ha. It corresponded to 110.35 ha of the total deforested area. The other 37 were associated with areas higher than 5 ha, equivalent to 1,013.27 ha. The registers of environmental damages in the period in a rough estimate, corresponded to a mediam loss of 5.91 ± 4.14 ha/occurrence and of 112.36 ± 91.73 ha/year of deforested area.

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