The use of tissue culture in differentiation between angioblastic meningioma and hemangiopericytoma

1971 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jans Muller ◽  
John Mealey
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Angioblastic Meningioma ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A solid, extrinsic hemangiopericytoma of the cerebellopontine angle was studied histologically and by means of tissue culture. The explanted tumor cells formed classic meningiomatous whorls indicative of the meningeal derivation of this neoplasm. Whorls were entirely absent in the histological preparations, however. The cases reported under the diagnosis of intracranial hemangiopericytoma and angioblastic meningioma have been reviewed; no valid histological distinction between these two types could be made.

In vitro killing of human glioblastoma by interleukin-2-activated autologous lymphocytes

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven K. Jacobs ◽  
Debra J. Wilson ◽  
Paul L. Kornblith ◽  
Elizabeth A. Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brain Tumor Cells ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from brain-tumor patients with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) results in the activation of lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK) with the capacity to lyse autologous and allogeneic glioblastoma. In this study, PBL obtained from brain-tumor patients were cultured with or without IL-2 for 3 to 7 days and then tested for their ability to lyse target cells in a 4-hour chromium release cytotoxicity assay. The PBL were drawn 1 to 2 weeks following operative tumor debulking. Cells used as targets included fresh brain-tumor cells obtained at the time of craniotomy, fresh brain-tumor cells grown from 1 to 3 weeks in tissue culture, fresh autologous PBL, and allogeneic glioblastoma cells grown in tissue culture. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from brain-tumor patients that were cultured without IL-2 did not significantly lyse autologous or allogeneic glioblastoma. However, when these PBL were cultured with IL-2, LAK were generated which produced marked lysis of autologous as well as allogeneic tissue-culture glioblastoma in all of eight cases. Significant lysis of autologous fresh tumor by patient LAK was observed in four of five experiments. By contrast, patient LAK did not kill autologous normal PBL. The ability to generate LAK was not influenced by the patient's age, previous therapy, or the administration of steroids.

Does the CO2 laser spread viable brain-tumor cells outside the surgical field?

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rand M. Voorhies ◽  
Michael H. Lavyne ◽  
Timothy A. Strait ◽  
William R. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Brain Tumor Cells ◽  
Surgical Field ◽  
Laser Smoke ◽  
Rat Tumor ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The viability of debris containing C6 rat tumor cells generated by the CO2 laser was investigated using standard tissue culture techniques. No evidence of cell viability was found in the plume of laser smoke.

Presence and significance of NK cells in glioblastomas

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Vaquero ◽  
Santiago Coca ◽  
Santiago Oya ◽  
Roberto Martínez ◽  
Josefa Ramiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Surface Marker ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A monoclonal antibody against the surface marker IOT-10 of natural killer (NK) cells was used to investigate the presence of these cells in a series of 25 glioblastomas. In 40% of the tumors, IOT-10-positive NK cells were found in small numbers scattered among the tumor cells. The presence of IOT-10-positive NK cells was not related to the degree of lymphocytic infiltration in the tumor as demonstrated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, nor did it appear to influence the survival time of the patients studied.

Thymidine kinase-mediated killing of rat brain tumors

1993 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Barba ◽  
Joseph Hardin ◽  
Jasodhara Ray ◽  
Fred H. Gage
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Ganciclovir Treatment ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Gene therapy has many potential applications in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including the selective killing of tumor cells in the brain. A rat brain tumor model was used to test the herpes simplex virus (HSV)-thymidine kinase (TK) gene for its ability to selectively kill C6 and 9L tumor cells in the brain following systemic administration of the nucleoside analog ganciclovir. The HSV-TK gene was introduced in vitro into tumor cells (C6-TK and 9L-TK), then these modified tumor cells were evaluated for their sensitivity to cell killing by ganciclovir. In a dose-response assay, both C6-TK and 9L-TK cells were 100 times more sensitive to killing by ganciclovir (median lethal dose: C6-TK, 0.1 µg ganciclovir/ml; C6, 5.0 µg ganciclovir/ml) than unmodified wild-type tumor cells or cultured fibroblasts. In vivo studies confirmed the ability of intraperitoneal ganciclovir administration to kill established brain tumors in rats as quantified by both stereological assessment of brain tumor volumes and studies of animal survival over 90 days. Rats with brain tumors established by intracerebral injection of wild-type or HSV-TK modified tumor cells or by a combination of wild-type and HSV-TK-modified cells were studied with and without ganciclovir treatments. Stereological methods determined that ganciclovir treatment eliminated tumors composed of HSV-TK-modified cells while control tumors grew as expected (p < 0.001). In survival studies, all 10 rats with 9L-TK tumors treated with ganciclovir survived 90 days while all untreated rats died within 25 days. Curiously, tumors composed of combinations of 9L and 9L-TK cells could be eliminated by ganciclovir treatments even when only one-half of the tumor cells carried the HSV-TK gene. While not completely understood, this additional tumor cell killing appears to be both tumor selective and local in nature. It is concluded that HSV-TK gene therapy with ganciclovir treatment does selectively kill tumor cells in the brain and has many potential applications in CNS disorders, including the treatment of cancer.

Arteriovenous malformations in the posterior fossa

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Matsumura ◽  
Yasumasa Makita ◽  
Kuniyuki Someda ◽  
Akinori Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ We have operated on 12 of 14 cases of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the posterior fossa since 1968, with one death. The lesions were in the cerebellum in 10 cases (three anteromedial, one central, three lateral, and three posteromedial), and in the cerebellopontine angle in two; in two cases the lesions were directly related to the brain stem. The AVM's in the anterior part of the cerebellum were operated on through a transtentorial occipital approach.

The deposition of Hg203-chlormerodrin in experimental brain tumors

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Louis Bakay ◽  
Joseph C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Autoradiography ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meningeal Tumors ◽  
Vacuolar System ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The deposition of Hg203-chlormerodrin was studied in intracranial tumors in mice induced by implantation of 20-methyl cholanthrene by tissue assay, as well as light microscopic and electron microscopic autoradiography. The investigations were carried out in astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and meningeal tumors. The chlormerodrin content of the tumors exceeded that of normal brain with a significant tumor/brain ratio ranging from 5.8 to 22.5. It was found that the chlormerodrin molecule becomes rapidly incorporated in the tumor cells, with a preference for that portion of the cytoplasm associated with the vacuolar system.

Dural mesenchymal chondrosarcoma

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Zucker ◽  
Dikran S. Horoupian
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Angioblastic Meningioma ◽  
Meningeal Hemangiopericytoma ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A dural mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is reported in a 19-year-old man. This tumor had features of angioblastic meningioma (meningeal hemangiopericytoma), by light microscopy. However, ultrastructurally this tumor could be distinguished from angioblastic meningioma, and its similarity to extracranial mesenchymal chondrosarcoma was confirmed.

Thymidine kinase activation of ganciclovir in recurrent malignant gliomas: a gene-marking and neuropathological study

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griffith R. Harsh ◽  
Thomas S. Deisboeck ◽  
David N. Louis ◽  
John Hilton ◽  
Michael Colvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Thymidine Kinase ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Retroviral Vectors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tumor Bed ◽  
Immunohistochemical Evidence ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The gene therapy paradigm of intratumoral activation of ganciclovir (GCV) following transduction of tumor cells by retroviral vectors bearing the thymidine kinase (tk) gene has produced dramatic remissions of malignant gliomas in animal models. In human trials, although the technique has been deemed safe, little antitumor effect has been demonstrated. To evaluate the basis of this inefficacy in human gliomas, the authors conducted a gene-marking trial involving neuropathological and biochemical studies of treated tumor specimens.Methods. Five patients with malignant recurrent gliomas underwent stereotactic biopsy sampling and intratumoral implantation procedures with three aliquots of 106 vector-producing cells (VPCs) in columns. After 5 days, the tumor was resected and the tumor bed reimplanted with VPCs, and a course of GCV was given. Patients received clinical and radiological follow up for 6 months. Tumor specimens were analyzed neuropathologically and for tk gene expression by anti-TK immunohistochemistry and TK enzymatic activity.Four patients tolerated the treatment well but experienced tumor progression. The other developed an abscess after the second operation and died. Increased TK enzymatic activity was demonstrated in the one tumor specimen analyzed. Immunohistochemical evidence of tk gene expression was limited to VPCs. Transduction of tumor cells was not seen. Viable tumor cells were seen near VPCs containing TK. The lymphocytic immune response was mild.Conclusions. Except for the risk of infection inherent in reoperation, this tk—GCV paradigm was both feasible and safe. Pathological studies indicated that limited dissemination of VPCs and vector from the infusion site and failure to transduce tumor cells with the tk gene are major barriers to efficacy.

Acoustic neuroma with malignant transformation

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Hanabusa ◽  
Atsunori Morikawa ◽  
Tetsuya Murata ◽  
Waro Taki
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Initial Operation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Causal Sequence ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe the case of a 57-year-old woman who had a right-sided hearing disturbance that had remained untreated for 1 year. The diagnosis was of a right cerebellopontine angle tumor, and the patient underwent its removal via retrosigmoid approach. Pathologically, the tumor was a typical benign neuroma. Growth of residual tumor was detected 4 years after the initial operation, and it was treated with gamma knife surgery (GKS). Six months later, the tumor had grown, and the patient underwent surgery via a combined retrosigmoid—translabyrinthine approach. Abnormal mitotic figures were observed on histological studies, indicating that the tumor had become malignant. Thereafter, the tumor grew rapidly, and the patient died 6.5 years after the initial treatment. It cannot be ruled out that GKS affected the outcome, but the causal sequence was unclear. Because such a patient is rare, documentation of the case was considered clinically important.

Cochlear nerve injuries caused by cerebellopontine angle manipulations

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuji Sekiya ◽  
Aage R. Møller
Keyword(s):  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cochlear Nerve ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eighth Nerve ◽  
Vasa Nervorum ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Changes in the response from the cochlear nerve in dogs resulting from cerebellopontine angle (CPA) manipulations were correlated with histological changes in the nerve. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms underlying hearing deficits incurred as a result of manipulations in the CPA. Compound action potentials (CAP) were recorded from the cochlear nerve in response to click stimulation before, during, and after cerebellar and eighth nerve retractions were performed under anesthesia. The retractions were carried out to elicit different degrees of change in the latency and waveform of the CAP. About 30 minutes after completion of the manipulations, the dogs were perfused with a fixative and their cochlear nerves and brain stems were prepared for histological studies. The results showed that retraction of the eighth nerve caused a disintegration of the myelin sheath, and there were multiple and extensive foci of petechial hemorrhage and thromboses of the vasa nervorum of the cochlear nerve. In two dogs in which retraction was carried to a point at which the N2 peak of the CAP was abruptly obliterated, there was a separation of the central and peripheral myelin junction (Obersteiner-Redlich (OR) zone) and bleeding from the vasa nervorum at the OR zone. In the dogs in which the changes in the CAP had almost recovered before fixative perfusion, there were petechial hemorrhages within the cochlear nerve trunk, thus showing that improvement of electrophysiological responses may not always correlate with the absence of morphological changes.

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