scholarly journals INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL OF THE ORGANIZATION: ITS CONCEPT AND ESSENCE

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
E. B. Ermishina ◽  
E. V. Orel
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Ability To Work

The concept of human capital was introduced by Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, who understood the quantity and quality of a person’s ability to work under him. In the scientific revolution this concept was introduced by D. Gilbert in the late 60’s. XX century. The theory of intellectual capital was further developed on the basis of the development of the theory of human capital. The article deals with modern concepts of human capital, which became the basis for substantiating the decisive role of a person, his abilities and potential in creating the value of a concrete organization and social progress. Much attention is paid to the structure of intellectual capital, which is represented by a combination of human, organizational and consumer capital; comparison of intellectual capital with physical is given.

scholarly journals The Role Of Education Reform In Uzbekistan In Reducing Youth Delinquency

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (11) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Tojibayev Bakhromjon Turabayevich ◽  
◽  
Azimov Ashirali Mexmonboevich ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Education Reforms ◽  
Youth Delinquency

The article assesses the importance of education in the modern world and its role in reducing youth deviation as a social institution. Education reforms in Uzbekistan emphasize the quality of reducing the deviation of young people by increasing the efficiency of "human capital".

scholarly journals The Role of Green Intellectual Capital on Competitive Advantage: Evidence from Balinese Financial Institution

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Putu Gede Bagus Arie Susandya ◽  
Putu Diah Kumalasari ◽  
Ida Ayu Ratih Manuari
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Structural Capital

The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of green intellectual capital on competitive advantage of Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (Balinese Financial Institution). The study tested by using data collected from a sample of 120 respondents that were randomly picked from 35 Lembaga Perkreditan Desa in Denpasar. Findings suggested that green human capital, green relational capital, and green structural capital affect competitive advantage at 17.6%. Furthermore, green human capital and green structural capital had positive effect on competitive advantage. Meanwhile, green relational capital did not affect competitive advantage. The eco-friendly concept remains a critical factor to gain company’s competitive advantage. This study provides insight into green innovation research field.

scholarly journals Impact of Intellectual Capital on the Organizational Performance of Airline Industry in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khalique ◽  
Abu Hassan Md. Isa
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Spiritual Capital ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
Customer Capital ◽  
Technological Capital

This chapter aims to examine the role of intellectual capital in order to enhance the organizational performance of airline industry in Malaysia. Five components of intellectual capital, namely human capital, customer capital, structural capital, technological capital, and spiritual capital, were used to investigate the role of intellectual capital in airline industry in Malaysia. A structured questionnaire was used to gather the required data from Kuala Lumpur, Sultan Ismail Johor Bharu International Airport, and Kuching International Airport. A total of 195 out of 200 useable questionnaires were collected. Multiple regression analysis was employed to test the proposed research hypotheses of this study. The findings show that two variables, namely customer capital and spiritual capital, appeared as significant contributors while the remaining three variables, human capital, structural capital, and technological capital, appeared as insignificant contributors. This is a preliminary study and it could be a milestone for further studies.

Particle Engineering: Fundamentals of Particle Formation and Crystal Growth

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 881-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Y. Lee ◽  
Allan S. Myerson
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Particle Engineering ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Packing Arrangement ◽  
Form Development

AbstractThe engineering of particles with customized properties optimized for dosage form manufacture (tablet, capsule, ointment, etc.) has long been a goal of the pharmaceutical industry. Particles can be designed through modification in the size, morphology, and packing arrangement of the solids. The most common approach in achieving this is through crystallization. In this bottom-up process, the two main steps, nucleation and crystal growth, both play a decisive role in shaping the quality of the final crystalline product. In this review, the role of nucleation and crystal growth in controlling particle properties is discussed, and examples are provided that demonstrate the variation in solid-state properties as a function of size, habit (morphology), and internal structure of the particles. In addition, the role of particle properties in product performance and dosage form development of pharmaceuticals is also discussed.

Intellectual Capital and Business Performance in University Spin-Off Companies

2013 ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Szopa
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Corporate Development ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Managerial Knowledge ◽  
Main Activity

University spin-off companies are under many competitive pressures that necessitate ongoing innovation and new product development. Technological and managerial knowledge endowed to spin-offs at start-up largely determine their potential for success, since exploiting this knowledge is their main activity. This chapter discusses the issue of university spin-off companies with particular emphasis on the role of intellectual capital, as the new engine of corporate development and one of the great clichés of recent years. In addition, the study also analyzes the relationships between intellectual capital and the company’s performance. It highlights how various types of intellectual capital (human capital, structural capital, relational capital) are strategically important for innovative start-up firms.

Intellectual capital and asset quality in an emerging banking market

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Asare ◽  
Margaret Momo Laryea ◽  
Joseph Mensah Onumah ◽  
Michael Effah Asamoah
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Panel Regressions ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
Asset Quality

PurposeThis study examines the causal relationship between intellectual capital and asset quality of banks in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachUsing annual data extracted from audited financial statements of 24 banks from 2006 to 2015, a ratio of non-performing loans to gross loans and advances is employed to estimate asset quality growths while the value-added intellectual coefficient by Pulic (2008, 2004) measures intellectual capital. The panel-corrected standard errors estimation technique is used to estimate panel regressions with asset quality as the dependent variable.FindingsAsset quality of banks in Ghana is generally not affected by intellectual capital. However, when intellectual capital is divided into its components, the study indicates that there are significant positive relationships between asset quality and two components of intellectual capital. Thus, structural capital and human capital efficiencies positively affect the asset quality of banks.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study implore managements of banks to increase structural and human capital investments and efficiencies to improve asset quality. Furthermore, the results have direct implications on developments in financial markets in emerging economies.Originality/valueThe study analyses the link between typical intellectual capital and asset quality of banks which is yet to be empirically examined in an emerging banking market.

scholarly journals The role of national intellectual capital in the digital transformation of EU countries. Another digital divide?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadranka Švarc ◽  
Jasminka Lažnjak ◽  
Marina Dabić
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

PurposeThis study, an exploratory one, aims to empirically investigate the association of national intellectual capital (NIC) with the national digital transformation readiness of the European Union's (EU’s) member states. Apart from building the conceptual model of NIC, this study explores the role of NIC dimensions in the digital divide between European countries.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature review and the available EU statistical data and indexes, the theoretical framework and conceptual model for NIC were developed. The model explores the relation of NIC and its dimensions (human, social, structural, relational and renewable/development capital) on the readiness of European countries for digital transformation and the digital divide. Significant differences between EU countries in NIC and digital readiness were tested. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association of each NIC dimension with digital transformation and digital divide within the EU.FindingsDespite a positive association between all dimensions of NIC and digital transformation readiness, the proposed model of NIC was not confirmed in full. Regression analysis proved social capital and working skills, a dimension of human capital, to be the predictors of digital transformation at a national level, able to detect certain elements of digital divide between EU member states. Structural capital, knowledge and education, as dimensions of human capital, were predictors of the digital divide in terms of the integration of digital media in companies.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has a limited propensity for generalisation due to the lack of common measurement models in the field of NIC exploration.Practical implicationsThis research offers policy makers an indication of the relationships between NIC and digital transformation, pointing out which dimensions of NIC should be strengthened to allow the EU to meet the challenges of digital economy and to overcome the digital divide between EU member states.Social implicationsThe use of digital technologies is key in creating active and informed citizens in the public sphere and productive companies and economic growth in the business sphere.Originality/valueThis study provides an original theoretical framework and conceptual model through which to analyse the relationship between NIC and digital transformation, which has thus far not been explored at the level of the EU. This research makes an original contribution to the empirical exploration of NIC and produces new insights in the fields of digital transformation and intellectual capital.

scholarly journals The Role of Firm Characteristics in Voluntary Disclosure of IC Information and Its Importance for High-Tech Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-209
Author(s):  
Ana Rep ◽  
Katarina Žager ◽  
Cidália Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
A Company

The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether the extent and quality of voluntarily disclosed information regarding intellectual capital (IC) are correlated with certain characteristics of a company. IC is very important for IT companies. Therefore, financial and non-financial statements of 32 high-tech companies were investigated using the content analysis method. To test the influence of firm characteristics on the intellectual capital disclosure index (ICDI), the regression model was used. The size of the firm was the only independent variable that has had a statistically significant influence on the ICDI. The auditor type, as well as financial ratios, have not shown a statistically significant influence on the extent and quality of IC disclosures. This study reflects the state regarding the voluntary IC disclosures in Croatia and therefore the study may be a roadmap for further research and, more importantly, might promote awareness of the importance of transparent reporting.

The role of audit committee attributes in intellectual capital disclosures

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (8/9) ◽  
pp. 756-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdifatah Ahmed Haji
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
Reporting Process

Purpose – This study aims to examine the role of audit committee attributes in non-financial information releases, with a focus on intellectual capital (IC) disclosures, following significant policy changes, mandating the audit committee function in Malaysia. The study argues that, given the changing informational needs of stakeholders and the ongoing discussion on integrated reporting, the role of the audit committee should extend to ensuring the overall quality of corporate reporting. Design/methodology/approach – The study draws evidence from a sample of leading Malaysian companies based on their market capitalisation over a three-year period (2008-2010), a period subsequent to the recent policy changes. The extent and quality of IC information, as a surrogate of non-financial information, was measured and regressed against several audit committee attributes, such as audit committee size, independence, financial expertise and meetings, controlling the overall governance and firm-specific variables. Findings – The findings show a strong positive role of the audit committee function in the overall amount of IC information as well as all three subcomponents of IC information (internal, external and human capital). The results are robust to controls for the overall governance and firm-specific attributes as well as different measures of IC information. Practical implications – The results suggest that the role of the audit committee function extends to non-financial information communication such as IC. Policymakers in Malaysia should, therefore, build on the recent regulatory changes and encourage audit committees to ensure that the overall quality of corporate reporting processes include social, environmental, intellectual as well as financial capital of a firm. Originality/value – This study considers the role of the audit committee in the wider corporate reporting process – drawing attention to its potential role in the espoused integrated business reporting. It also challenges the taken-for-granted assumption that restricts the role of the audit committee function to the traditional financial reporting process.

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