Influence of Repeated Doses of 3-Methylcholanthrene at Fixed Intervals on Breast Cancer in Sprague-Dawley Female Rats.

1962 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Sydnor ◽  
N. Bedell
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Repeated Doses

scholarly journals Efficacy of Vitex agnus in lowering prolactin level in mammary tumor induced SD rats

Biomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-386
Author(s):  
Maninder Kour ◽  
Kumar Megur Ramakrishna Bhat ◽  
Vinodini Nithyanandamadom Anatharaya ◽  
Shrijeet Chakraborty ◽  
Reshma Kumara Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Foamy Macrophages

Introduction and Aim: Breast cancer accounts for about 30% of all cancers in women. The present study aims to see the role of prolactin and Vitex agnus fruit extract in breast cancer progression in mammary tumor induced Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-day old inbred SD female rats of body weight 70-80 grams were taken for this study. The rats were induced with N- Methyl-Nitroso-Urea for mammary tumor development. After the development of palpable and visible tumor the rats were treated with anti-prolactin drug (Cabergoline) and a prolactin lowering herb Vitex agnus Castus (VAC) for two months. After the treatment the rats were sacrificed for antioxidants estimation and histopathological section examination. Results: The rats treated with anti-prolactin drug showed benign tumors with hyperplasia and lactational change proving the presence of prolactin in the tumor tissue, whereas the plant extract showed mammary tumor regression by the presence of foamy macrophages in the histopathological sections. Results also showed treatment with cabergoline increased the GSH level and decreased the MDA level compared to tumor induced group. Conclusion: Prolactin may have a potential role in progression of breast cancer and Vitex agnus extract showed a prolactin lowering effect and facilitated in regression of the tumor.  

scholarly journals Pattern of Histopathological Alterations in N-methyl-N-Nitrosourea (MNU) Induced Breast Cancer in Female Sprague Dawley (SD) Rats Treated with Crude Honey

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urmila Banik ◽  
Sarfarz Ahamed ◽  
Swe Swe Latt ◽  
Nur Asyilla Che Jalil ◽  
Wan Faiziah Wan Abdul Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Breast Cancer Model ◽  
Histologic Pattern ◽  
Treated Breast

Natural products are becoming primary investigative molecules creating hope for finding new powerful classes of anticancer agents for breast cancer. One of the most remarkable of these is honey. To explore the mechanism of action of any anticancer agent the initial step is to analyse its effect in the histopathological tissue section. This study was designed to describe the histopathology of N-methyl- N-nitrosourea (MNU) induced breast cancer in Sprague Dawley rat (SD rats) treated with crude honey. Female rats were distributed into 4 groups: Group0 (normal), Group1 (MNU control), Group2 and 3: Tualang and Manuka honey-treated, respectively. Rats were sacrificed and histopathology of both non-treated and treated tumours was done. Lower histological grade, infrequent combination histologic pattern (p<0.001), prominent cytoplasmic vacuolization (p<0.001), aggregates of atypical macrophages (p<0.001) and lesser necrosis (p= 0.005) were major outcomes in treated cancers. This data will aid in the histopathological interpretation of honey-treated breast cancer model and future anticancer study of honey.

Efficacy, maximal tolerated dose, and toxicokinetics of TTC-352 in rats and dogs, a partial ER agonist for metastatic ER+ breast cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14090-e14090
Author(s):  
Debra A. Tonetti ◽  
Rui Xiong ◽  
Jiong Zhao ◽  
Lauren Gutgesell ◽  
Arkadiusz Z. Dudek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Range Finding

e14090 Background: The high prevalence of treatment resistance for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer cause more deaths than all other breast cancers, despite the availability of endocrine therapeutics including selective ER downregulators (SERDs). Before tamoxifen, high dose estradiol (E2) delivered clinical efficacy slightly superior to tamoxifen. While recent clinical trials have shown efficacy of low dose E2, unacceptable side effects including vaginal bleeding, endometrial hypertrophy, and the negative perceptions of both patients and physicians limit acceptance. In preclinical models, tamoxifen resistant (TR) breast cancer is sensitive to treatment by E2. TTC-352 is an orally bioavailable selective human ERα partial agonist (ShERPA) designed to mimic E2 in causing tumor regression of TR breast cancer xenografts without uterine proliferation caused by E2 and tamoxifen. Methods: The published preclinical efficacy studies were extended to multiple TR ER+ cell lines in 3D spheroid cell cultures comparing to E2 and the SERD GDC0810. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined in Sprague-Dawley rats at: 200, 300, 600, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg by oral gavage (N = 3). Animals were observed for 7 days prior to necropsy. A single MTD range finding study was performed in dogs at: 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg TTC-352, administered orally in gelatin capsules. Based on these results, a 7-day repeated dose studies were completed at 30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day in rats (3/sex/dose) and 15, 75, and 150 mg/kg (2/sex/dose) in dogs. Results: Growth of three TR ER+ breast cancer cell cultures in 3D was inhibited by TTC-352, which mimicked E2 and was equivalent to GDC0810. In female rats MTD was 1000 mg/kg and TTC-352 was well tolerated following a single oral dose of 200, 300, 600 mg/kg. The oral administration of TTC-352 at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg/day in rats (both sexes) and 15, 75 or 150 mg/kg/day in dogs (both sexes) for seven days was generally well tolerated. Conclusions: TTC-352 has demonstrated efficacy in preclinical models of TR breast cancer. Completed rat and dog studies indicated favorable tolerability and rapid absorption up to 300 mg/kg/day in rats and 150 mg/kg/day in dogs.

scholarly journals A Step Forward in Breast Cancer Research: From a Natural-Like Experimental Model to a Preliminary Photothermal Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9681
Author(s):  
Eduardo Costa ◽  
Tânia Ferreira-Gonçalves ◽  
Miguel Cardoso ◽  
João M. P. Coelho ◽  
Maria Manuela Gaspar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Breast Cancer Surgery ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Sprague Dawley

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies and common causes of cancer death in women. Recent studies suggest that environmental exposures to certain chemicals, such as 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), a chemical present in tobacco, may increase the risk of developing breast cancer later in life. The first-line treatments for breast cancer (surgery, chemotherapy or a combination of both) are generally invasive and frequently associated with severe side effects and high comorbidity. Consequently, novel approaches are strongly required to find more natural-like experimental models that better reflect the tumors’ etiology, physiopathology and response to treatments, as well as to find more targeted, efficient and minimally invasive treatments. This study proposes the development and an in deep biological characterization of an experimental model using DMBA-tumor-induction in Sprague-Dawley female rats. Moreover, a photothermal therapy approach using a near-infrared laser coupled with gold nanoparticles was preliminarily assessed. The gold nanoparticles were functionalized with Epidermal Growth Factor, and their physicochemical properties and in vitro effects were characterized. DMBA proved to be a very good and selective inductor of breast cancer, with 100% incidence and inducing an average of 4.7 tumors per animal. Epigenetic analysis showed that tumors classified with worst prognosis were hypomethylated. The tumor-induced rats were then subjected to a preliminary treatment using functionalized gold nanoparticles and its activation by laser (650–900 nm). The treatment outcomes presented very promising alterations in terms of tumor histology, confirming the presence of necrosis in most of the cases. Although this study revealed encouraging results as a breast cancer therapy, it is important to define tumor eligibility and specific efficiency criteria to further assess its application in breast cancer treatment on other species.

Basal Lamina Formation in DMBA Induced Mammary Carcinoma

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 534-535
Author(s):  
I. Russo ◽  
J. Saby ◽  
J. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Carcinoma ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Intercellular Spaces

It has been previously demonstrated that DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma originates in the terminal end bud (TEB) of the mammary gland by proliferation of intermediate type cells (1). The earliest lesion identified is the intraductal proliferation (IDP), which gives rise to intraductal carcinomas. These evolve to cribriform, papillary and comedo types (2). In the present work, we report the ultrastructural changes that take place in the IDP for the formation of a cribriform pattern.Fifty-five-day-old Sprague Dawley virgin female rats were inoculated intra- gastrically with 20 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in 1 ml sesame oil. Non-inoculated, age-matched females were used as controls. Mammary glands from both control and experimental rats were removed weekly from the time of inoculation until 86 days post-inoculation. The glands were fixed and processed for electron microscopy (2).The first change observed in IDP's was the widening of intercellular spaces and the secretion of an electron dense material into these spaces (Fig. 1).

Ultrastructural Changes in the Mammary Epithelial Cell Population During Neoplastic Development Induced by A Chemical Carcinogen.

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 250-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Russo ◽  
W. Isenberg ◽  
M. Ireland ◽  
I.H. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Histological Change ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Chemical Carcinogen ◽  
Sprague Dawley

The induction of rat mammary carcinoma by the chemical carcinogen DMBA is used as a model for the study of the human disease (1). We previously described the histochemical changes that occur in the mammary gland of DMBA treated animals before the earliest manifested histological change, the intraductal proliferation (IDP), was observed (2). In the present work, we demonstrate that a change in the stable cell population found in the resting mammary gland occurs after carcinogen administration.Fifty-five day old Sprague-Dawley virgin female rats were inoculated intragastrically with 20mg of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in 1ml sesame oil. Non-inoculated, age-matched females were used as controls. Mammary glands from control and inoculated rats were removed weekly from the time of inoculation until 60 days post-inoculation. For electron microscopy, the glands were immersed in Karnovsky's fixative, post-fixed in 1% OsO4, dehydrated, and embedded in an Epon-Araldite mixture. Thick (lμ) sections were stained with 1% toluidine blue and were used for selecting areas for ultrastructural study.

Antitumor Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Murine in Breast Cancer in Female Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
Omayma A.R. AbouZaid ◽  
Laila A Rashed ◽  
S. M. El-Sonbaty ◽  
Aboel-Ftouh A. I
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Female Rats

Comparison of streptozotocin-induced diabetes at different moments of the life of female rats for translational studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110018
Author(s):  
Yuri K Sinzato ◽  
Eduardo Klöppel ◽  
Carolina A Miranda ◽  
Verônyca G Paula ◽  
Larissa F Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Term Pregnancy

Animal models are widely used for studying diabetes in translational research. However, methods for induction of diabetes are conflicting with regards to their efficacy, reproducibility and cost. A comparison of outcomes between the diabetic models is still unknown, especially full-term pregnancy.To understand the comparison, we analyzed the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes at three life-different moments during the neonatal period in Sprague–Dawley female rats: at the first (D1), second (D2) and fifth (D5) day of postnatal life. At adulthood (90 days; D90), the animals were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetic status confirmation. The diabetic and control rats were mated and sacrificed at full-term pregnancy for different analyses. Group D1 presented a higher mortality percentage after STZ administration than groups D2 and D5. All diabetic groups presented higher blood glucose levels as compared to those of the control group, while group D5 had higher levels of glycemia compared with other groups during OGTT. The diabetic groups showed impaired reproductive outcomes compared with the control group. Group D1 had lower percentages of mated rats and D5 showed a lower percentage of a full-term pregnancy. Besides that, these two groups also showed the highest percentages of inadequate fetal weight. In summary, although all groups fulfill the diagnosis criteria for diabetes in adult life, in our investigation diabetes induced on D5 presents lower costs and higher efficacy and reproducibility for studies involving diabetes-complicated pregnancy.

scholarly journals The effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffolds on rat calvarial defects for bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Chatzipetros ◽  
Spyros Damaskos ◽  
Konstantinos I. Tosios ◽  
Panos Christopoulos ◽  
Catherine Donta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background This study aims at determining the biological effect of 75/25 w/w nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAp/CS) scaffolds on bone regeneration, in terms of fraction of bone regeneration (FBR), total number of osteocytes (Ost), and osteocyte cell density (CD), as well as its biodegradability. Methods Two critical-size defects (CSDs) were bilaterally trephined in the parietal bone of 36 adult Sprague-Dawley rats (18 males and 18 females); the left remained empty (group A), while the right CSD was filled with nHAp/CS scaffold (group B). Two female rats died postoperatively. Twelve, 11, and 11 rats were euthanized at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-surgery, respectively. Subsequently, 34 specimens were resected containing both CSDs. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed to determine the FBR, calculated as [the sum of areas of newly formed bone in lateral and central regions of interest (ROIs)]/area of the original defect, as well as the Ost and the CD (Ost/mm2) in each ROI of both groups (A and B). Moreover, biodegradability of the nHAp/CS scaffolds was estimated via the surface area of the biomaterial (BmA) in the 2nd, 4th, and 8th week post-surgery. Results The FBR of group B increased significantly from 2nd to 8th week compared to group A (P = 0.009). Both the mean CD and the mean Ost values of group B increased compared to group A (P = 0.004 and P < 0.05 respectively). Moreover, the mean value of BmA decreased from 2nd to 8th week (P = 0.001). Conclusions Based on histological and histomorphometric results, we support that 75/25 w/w nHAp/CS scaffolds provide an effective space for new bone formation.

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