Influence of the after effect of various fertilizer systems on the yield and quality of the green mass of meadow clover (Trifolium pratense)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  

Within three years, the effectiveness of the use of various biological products for inoculation of oat and pea seeds when using mineral fertilizers, as well as their influence on the yield and quality of green mass has been studied. The experiment was laid out at the experimental station of Ivanovo state agricul-tural Academy. The soil is sod-podzolic medium loamy. As a result of the agrochemical analysis of the soil on the experimental site, the content of humus in the soil was 1.7%, mobile phosphorus 190 mg/kg and mobile potassium 156 mg/kg, pH -5.6. Inoculation of seeds with biopreparations was carried out on the day of sowing, before sowing soil treatment mineral fertilizers were introduced, in some variants bi-omineral fertilizer was used. Mineral fertilizers in the form of ammonium nitrate, double superphosphate and potassium chloride were introduced under presowing cultivation according to the scheme of experi-ence. On the day of sowing, oat seeds were treated with extrasol at the rate of 100 ml per hectare. The inoculation of pea seeds previously treated with rizotorfin, was performed with mushroom of arbuscular- vezikuliar mycorrhizae in the dose of 400g. Biomineral fertilizer was prepared by mixing Bisolbifit with mineral fertilizer in the dose of 40 g per 1 kg of fertilizer. According to the results of the research it was found that the combined use of biopreparations for inoculation of pea and oat seeds with phosphorus-potassium and complete mineral fertilizer allowed to obtain a reliable increase in yield and a positive trend was observed to increase the yield and quality of the green mass.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350
Author(s):  
A. V. Alabushev ◽  
N. A. Kovtunova ◽  
V. V. Kovtunov ◽  
G. M. Ermolina

Among scientists there has been no agreement on which vegetation phase is the most suitable for harvesting of green mass of Sudan grass to provide the largest yield of highly qualitative forage. It has largely depended on the characteristics of the region, varietal composition and, therefore, these studies have been of great value and relevance. The purpose of the study is to identify the optimal time for harvesting green mass of Sudan grass to ensure maximum fodder value. The studies were conducted in 2015-2018 in the conditions of the Rostov region. The Sudan grass variety ‘Aleksandrina’ was used as an object of the study. The analysis of plant height changes through the vegetative phases has shown that there was the largest increase in plant height per day during the period ‘the 30-th day – booting stage’ (7.18 cm) and ‘booting stage – heading stage’ (5.83 cm). Plant growth after flowering stopped and the increase of the yield of green mass was only due to lateral stems. The structural analysis has shown that the largest part of the green mass of Sudan grass was represented by the stem (58-61%). The proportion of leaves, considered to be the most nutritious parts of plants, decreased from 35% (‘the booting stage’) to 20% (‘milky ripening of grain’) as the plants were growing. The productivity of green mass of Sudan grass was largely determined by the first hay cutting (59-63% of the total). The green mass of the second hay cutting corresponded to the amount of digestible protein per one fodder unit (113.7-128.9 g) and produced maximum yield when harvesting in the ‘heading stage’. Though the green mass productivity increased in the period from ‘booting stage’ to ‘flowering’, the content of raw protein reduced from 10.45 to 7.96%. This resulted in a decrease of digestible protein percentage per one fodder unit. Thus, the data on yield and quality of green mass of Sudan grass ‘Aleksandrina’ have shown that the harvesting could be already started in the ‘booting stage’, however, the highest nutritional value has been identified in the early ‘heading stage’.


Author(s):  
Natalia Shmeleva

The directions and results of work on the analysis of productivity of perennial grasses under changing weather conditions are presented. It was found that the yield and quality of the green mass of hybrids significantly exceeds the parent forms, so expanding the crops of these crops is one of the ways to get a guaranteed harvest.


Author(s):  
Татьяна Сабирова ◽  
Tatyana Sabirova ◽  
Галина Цвик ◽  
Galina Zvik ◽  
Глеб Батюгов ◽  
...  

The materials on the study of the quality and yield of green mass of winter triticale at different technologies of cultivation are presented. In their comparison, the highest yield was obtained on intensive technologies. Keywords:


Author(s):  
Т. Горянина

Исследования проводились на полях Самарского НИИСХ, расположенных в чернозёмной степи Самарского Заволжья, с использованием сортов и линий местной селекции. В 19962005 годах в опытах изучались пять сортов озимой ржи, два сорта озимой мягкой пшеницы, четыре сорта и четыре линии тритикале. В 20162018 годах в опытах изучались два сорта озимой ржи, два сорта озимой мягкой пшеницы, четыре сорта и три линии тритикале. Цель исследований установить урожайность и качество зелёной массы тритикале в сравнении с традиционными культурами. Исходя из поставленной цели, в задачи исследований входило изучить продуктивность и качество зелёной массы тритикале, ржи и пшеницы в зависимости от сроков скашивания. Для сравнения кормовой ценности озимых культур в лаборатории технологоаналитического сервиса был проведён анализ химического состава зелёной массы растений по фазам развития. Питательность кормов характеризовалась следующими показателями: содержанием протеина, сахара, клетчатки, жира, БЭВ, каротина, кормовых единиц, а также переваримостью. За годы исследований в фазу кущения трубкования урожайность зелёной массы тритикале составила 16,85 т/га, при этом протеина в массе содержалось 18,10, сахара 14,32, клетчатки 28,90. Озимая рожь в эту фазу формирует большую урожайность зелёной массы (23,70 т/га), но качество её хуже: содержание протеина 17,70, сахара 9,94, клетчатки 29,70. Пшеница в эту фазу развития формирует меньшую урожайность (10,38 т/га), но содержит больше протеина (19,20) и меньше клетчатки (27,36). Количество протеина резко уменьшается в фазу молочновосковой спелости: на 41,4 у тритикале, на 51,4 у пшеницы и на 49,6 у ржи. Содержание сахара (11,8814,32) и жира (2,312,7) в зелёной массе тритикале остаётся практически неизменным во все изученные фазы развития. В среднем за годы исследований в тритикале содержалось 2,312,70 жира, 5,006,50 золы, 10,6018,10 протеина, 11,8814,32 сахара. По сравнению с озимой пшеницей и озимой рожью у тритикале в зелёной массе больше жира, сахара, каротина. The research was aimed to test green mass yield and quality of triticale in comparison to some conventional crops (winter rye and wheat) under different cutting times. The laboratory of Technology and Analytical Service analyzed the chemical composition of green mass cut at various growth stages. Forage nutritional value was determined on the base of protein, sugar, fiber, fat, nitrogenfree extractive, carotene, feed units as well as their digestibility. Triticale yielded 16.85 t ha1 of green mass at tilleringbooting stage, protein amounted to 18.10, sugar 14.32, fiber 28.90. Winter rye formed higher mass (23.70 t ha1), but its quality was lower: protein 17.70, sugar 9.94, fiber 29.70. Wheat was less productive (10.38 t ha1) but contained more protein (19.20) and less fiber (27.36). Protein concentration quickly dropped at milkywax stage: by 41.4 for triticale, 51.4 for wheat and by 49.6 for rye. Sugar (11.8814.32) and fat (2.312.7) stayed at the same level almost all the time in triticale green mass. Triticale had 2.312.70 of fat, 5.006.50 of ash, 10.6018.10 of protein, 11.8814.32 of sugar. Triticale exceeded winter wheat and rye in fat, sugar and carotene.


Agronomie ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Borreani ◽  
Pier Giorgio Peiretti ◽  
Ernesto Tabacco

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