scholarly journals Dynamics and water structures in the estuary of the Partizanskaya river (Nakhodka Bay, Sea of Japan)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Semkin ◽  
P. Ya. Tishchenko ◽  
V. B. Lobanov ◽  
A. F. Sergeev ◽  
Yu. A. Barabanshchikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Mixing Zone ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Mouth Bar ◽  
Nakhodka Bay ◽  
Upper Boundary

Herein, we report field studies of the seasonal and daily dynamics of the mixing zone in the micro-tidal mouth of the Partizanskaya river. The position of the mixing zone was determined according to the volume of river run-off. The upper boundary of the mixing zone was observed at 5 (at a river run-off of 73.67 m3/s) to 12.5 km (at 7.7 m3/s) from the mouth bar. The estuary is characterized by a two-layer circulation of water, which results in a halocline with a salinity gradient of up to 30% per 1 m. Variations of salinity in the rifts caused by tides reaches 27% over 3 h.

scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Estuaries of Two Rivers of the Sea of Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6019
Author(s):  
Tatiana Chizhova ◽  
Yuliya Koudryashova ◽  
Natalia Prokuda ◽  
Pavel Tishchenko ◽  
Kazuichi Hayakawa
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Tumen River ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Saline Waters ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
A Minor

The seasonal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) variability was studied in the estuaries of the Partizanskaya River and the Tumen River, the largest transboundary river of the Sea of Japan. The PAH levels were generally low over the year; however, the PAH concentrations increased according to one of two seasonal trends, which were either an increase in PAHs during the cold period, influenced by heating, or a PAH enrichment during the wet period due to higher run-off inputs. The major PAH source was the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass, but a minor input of petrogenic PAHs in some seasons was observed. Higher PAH concentrations were observed in fresh and brackish water compared to the saline waters in the Tumen River estuary, while the PAH concentrations in both types of water were similar in the Partizanskaya River estuary, suggesting different pathways of PAH input into the estuaries. The annual riverine PAH mass flux amounted to 0.028 t/year and 2.5 t/year for the Partizanskaya River and the Tumen River, respectively. The riverine PAH contribution to the coastal water of the Sea of Japan depends on the river discharge rather than the PAH level in the river water.

scholarly journals Benchmarking Nutraceutical Soybean Composition Relative to Protein and Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza S. Carrera ◽  
Fernando Salvagiotti ◽  
Ignacio A. Ciampitti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Total Tocopherol ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Upper Boundary

The aim of this study was to explore relationships between protein, oil, and seed weight with seed nutraceutical composition, focused on total isoflavone (TI) and total tocopherol (TT) contents across genotypic and environmental combinations in soybean. We conducted a synthesis-analysis of peer-reviewed published field studies reporting TI, TT, protein, oil, and seed weight (n = 1,908). The main outcomes from this synthesis-analysis were: (i) relationship of TI-to-protein concentration was positive, though for the upper boundary, TI decreases with increases in protein; (ii) relationship of TT-to-oil concentration was positive, but inconsistent when oil was expressed in mg per seed; and (iii) as seed weight increased, TI accumulation was less than proportional relative to protein concentration and TT decreased more proportional relative to oil concentration. Association between nutraceuticals and protein, oil, and seed weight for soybean reported in the present study can be used as a foundational knowledge for soybean breeding programs interested on predicting and selecting enhanced meal isoflavone and/or oil tocopherol contents.

Comparison of near-field mixing zone models for multiport diffusers in the Great Lakes

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.K. Tsanis ◽  
C. Valeo ◽  
Y. Diao
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Mixing Zone ◽  
Initial Dilution ◽  
Wake Effects ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations ◽  
Field Behaviour

This paper presents a review of near-field mixing zone models and compares their performance with common outfall diffuser examples in the Great Lakes. The results of initial dilutions for three types of multiport diffusers, based on the Ontario Ministry of Environment (MOE) guidelines and recommendations, are compared with those calculated by using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) models. These models include five integral-type models (UPLUME, UOUTPLM, UDKHDEN, UMERGE, and ULINE) and a "length scale" type expert system (CORMIX2). Results based on the first four EPA integral models give higher initial dilutions when compared to results based on CORMIX2 and the MOE guidelines, ULINE gives unrealistically low dilutions. Excluding UPLUME, the initial dilutions given by the other EPA models increase with increasing ambient current. Alternating diffusers generally give lower initial dilutions than the staged and unidirectional diffusers, while unidirectional diffusers produce the highest of the three. Results from the computation tests based on the mixing models can aid in more reasonable and economical diffuser designs that still meet the requirement of initial dilution criteria. While all the models selected for this study have limitations, CORMIX2 is preferred for most Great Lakes applications. It can be applied to all four types of multiport diffusers and can handle different types of ambient stratification, bottom and shore attachment, wake effects and dead zones, plume trapping and far-field behaviour. CORMIX2 predictions compare well with laboratory data and very limited field data. Given the complexity of the problem, more field studies should be performed for further validation of the models. Key words: mixing zone, multiport diffusers, initial dilution.

scholarly journals Melting of ice shelves and the mass balance of Antarctica

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (130) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Jacobs ◽  
H.H. Helmer ◽  
C. S. M. Doake ◽  
A. Jenkins ◽  
R. M. Frolich
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Negative Mass ◽  
Ice Shelves ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Iceberg Calving ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
The Antarctic

AbstractWe calculate the present ice budget for Antarctica from measurements of accumulation minus iceberg calving, run-off and in situ melting beneath the floating ice shelves. The resulting negative mass balance of 469 Gt year−1differs substantially from other recent estimates but some components are subject to high temporal variability and budget uncertainties of 20–50%. Annual accumulation from an earlier review is adjusted to include the Antarctic Peninsula for a total of 2144 Gt year−1. An iceberg production rate of 2016 Gt year−1is obtained from the volume of large icebergs calculated from satellite images since 1978, and from the results of an international iceberg census project. Ice-shelf melting of 544 Gt year−1is derived from physical and geochemical observations of meltwater outflow, glaciological field studies and modeling of the sub-ice ocean circulation. The highest melt rates occur near ice fronts and deep within sub-ice cavities. Run-off from the ice-sheet surface and from beneath the grounded ice is taken to be 53 Gt year−1. Less than half of the negative mass balance need come from the grounded ice to account for the unattributed 0.45 mm year−1in the IPCC “best estimate” of the recent global sea-level rise.

Melting of ice shelves and the mass balance of Antarctica

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (130) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Jacobs ◽  
H.H. Helmer ◽  
C. S. M. Doake ◽  
A. Jenkins ◽  
R. M. Frolich
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Negative Mass ◽  
Ice Shelves ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Iceberg Calving ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
The Antarctic

AbstractWe calculate the present ice budget for Antarctica from measurements of accumulation minus iceberg calving, run-off and in situ melting beneath the floating ice shelves. The resulting negative mass balance of 469 Gt year−1differs substantially from other recent estimates but some components are subject to high temporal variability and budget uncertainties of 20–50%. Annual accumulation from an earlier review is adjusted to include the Antarctic Peninsula for a total of 2144 Gt year−1. An iceberg production rate of 2016 Gt year−1is obtained from the volume of large icebergs calculated from satellite images since 1978, and from the results of an international iceberg census project. Ice-shelf melting of 544 Gt year−1is derived from physical and geochemical observations of meltwater outflow, glaciological field studies and modeling of the sub-ice ocean circulation. The highest melt rates occur near ice fronts and deep within sub-ice cavities. Run-off from the ice-sheet surface and from beneath the grounded ice is taken to be 53 Gt year−1. Less than half of the negative mass balance need come from the grounded ice to account for the unattributed 0.45 mm year−1in the IPCC “best estimate” of the recent global sea-level rise.

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