scholarly journals Factors and criteria of the morphostructural zoning and the main types of morphostructures of the North-West of the Black Sea

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
А. А. Pasynkov ◽  
B. A. Vakhrushev

The principles of morphostructural zoning are presented on the example of the North-West of the Black Sea. Research techniques and criteria for distinguishing the morphostructural regions are discussed. In the morphostructural province of the Black Sea the following subprovinces were identified: shelf under conditions of active and passive wave action, continental slope with non-wave accumulation, deep-sea depression. Fragment of the map of morphostructural zoning of the North-West of the Black Sea at 1:500 000 scale is presented. Main morphogenetic types of morphostructures of the shelf, continental slope and deep sea basin of the Black sea are given. The characteristics of the selected morphostructural taxa are described.

Author(s):  
Eleonora P. Radionova

The associations and ecological conditions of the existence of modern diatoms of the North-West (Pridneprovsky), Prikerchensky and Eastern regions of the subtidal zone of the Black Sea are considered. Based on the unity of the composition of the Present and Sarmatian-Meotian diatom flora, an attempt has been made to model some of the ecological c situation of the Late Miocene Euxinian basin.


1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Klimok ◽  
K. K. Makeshov ◽  
M. V. Pertseva ◽  
V. A. Rybalka

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-155

The object of this article is to discuss the bone pyxides discovered in the Sar¬matian graves from the north and north-west of the Black Sea. The study, with¬out being exhaustive, attempts a presentation of the graves where bone pyxides were identified, but also of the cultural environments where similar toiletry piec¬es were used. The conclusion is that bone pyxides in Sarmatian graves from the north and north-west Pontic territory are mainly Roman products. Nonetheless, it is not excluded that some pyxides are copies of the first, made in local work¬shops (north-Pontic). The author notes that all Sarmatian graves containing bone pyxides date, on the basis of grave goods, to the second half of the 1st – early/first decades of the 2nd c. AD. Furthermore, it is noted they are usually part of the grave group belonging to the new wave of Sarmatians arriving to the north-Pontic area starting with mid 1st c. AD from east of the Don and that in the second half of the 1st – first decades of the 2nd c. AD they form a well marked local cultur¬al-chronological horizon. Last but not least, the author notes that pyxides are part of funerary features dating to the period of major inflow of Roman artifacts to the Sarmatian environment set between AD 60/70 – 120/130.


Author(s):  
O. A. Khlebnikova ◽  
A. A. Ivanova ◽  
A. M. Nikishin ◽  
A. G. Roslyakov ◽  
A. V. Starovoytov

Analysis of new 3D and 2D seismic data made it possible to describe in detail the continental slope relief of the northeastern part of the Black Sea, and a large number of gravitational processes of various types. It is established that the final phase of the active lithodynamic processes development is due to the NovoEvksin regression of the basin associated with the last glaciation and completed its development more than ten thousand years ago. The irregularities formed as a result of late Holocene landslides also occur, but their contribution is insignificant, and the amplitude rarely exceeds 1 m.


Author(s):  
Людмила Васильевна Бурыкина ◽  
Лариса Дмитриевна Федосеева

В статье предпринят анализ сведений о климате Северо-Западного Кавказа на базе монографии И.Н. Клингена, основанной на материалах комиссии И.С. Хатисова - А.Д. Ротиньянца и других исследователей Причерноморья и содержавшей компетентную и ценную информацию по истории сельского хозяйства шапсугов и убыхов. Несмотря на благоприятные природно-климатические условия, данная территория очень специфична, но это была естественная среда обитания адыгских племен, разработавших самобытные приемы агротехники и особые орудия труда, позволившие им возделывать землю, как на склонах гор, так и в низинах, и собирать значительные урожаи. Адыгскими племенами были выработаны собственные формы адаптации к среде обитания, представлены оригинальные способы жизнедеятельности в сложных климатических условиях, позволившие поддерживать региональную модель стабильного социально-экономического развития со своей этнокультурной спецификой. Проблема воздействия локальных природно-климатических условий на антропогенную деятельность и его отражение на процесс формирования традиции природопользования, земледельческий опыт адыгских племен, изложенный в отчете И.С. Хатисова и монографии И.Н. Клингена, не утратили актуальности и в современных условиях, поскольку сходы селевых потоков, водная эрозия с разрушительными последствиями стали настоящим бичом для хозяйств, курортов и простых граждан. Культура земледелия причерноморских адыгов была и остается самой разумной для этой территории и имеет не только научно-познавательное, но и практическое значение. The paper undertakes an attempt to analyze information about the climate of the North-West Caucasus basing on a monograph by I.N. Klingen. This monograph was based on the materials of the Commission of I.S. Khatisov-A.D. Rotinyants and other researchers of the Black Sea region. It contains competent and valuable information on the history of agriculture of the Shapsugs and Ubykhs. Despite favorable natural and climatic conditions, this territory is very specific. In this natural habitat, the Adyghe tribes developed original techniques of agricultural machinery and special tools that allowed them to cultivate land both on the slopes of the mountains and in the lowlands, and take significant crops. The Adyghe tribes developed their own forms of adaptation to the habitat, presented original ways of living in difficult climatic conditions, which made it possible to maintain a regional model of stable socio-economic development with its ethnocultural specificity. The problem of the impact of local natural and climatic conditions on anthropogenic activity and its reflection on the process of forming the tradition of nature management, the agricultural experience of the Adyghe tribes, set out in the report of I.S. Khatisov and the monograph by I.N. Klingen, have not lost their relevance in modern conditions. Rural mudflows, water erosion with destructive consequences have become a real scourge for farms, resorts and simple citizens. The culture of agriculture of the Adyghes living in the Black Sea region was and remains the most reasonable for this territory and has not only scientific and cognitive, but also practical significance.


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