The use of logistics principles in the organization of local work

In the context of growing competition between rail transport and other transport types, there is a need to improve the transportation process. In modern conditions, railway transport is the main link in the logistics chain of moving goods from the shipper to the receiver. The efficiency of the railway transport complex can be improved by using logistics principles in the organization of local work on the network sections. In this study, we suggest ways to solve the problem of improving the quality of service for freight owners and the efficiency of organizing local work, which is relevant for railways. To make decisions aimed at improving the efficiency of the organization of local work, a procedure for determining the costs of organizing and promoting local trains was developed, taking into account the costs on maintaining the railway infrastructure. Not only the operational activity of the railways, but also the quality of transport customers service, compliance with the regulatory deadlines for cargo delivery, depends on the choice of the optimal option for organizing local car traffic into trains and their promotion along the section. The option is selected by comparing the costs for each of the possible options for organizing local car traffic into trains and moving them along the section.

Pengaruh Akuntabilitas Keuangan Daerah, Value For Money, Kejujuran, Transparansi, Dan Pengawasan Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah (Studi Kajian Pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Pusat)

This study aims to examine the influence of local financial accountability, value for money, honesty, transparency and supervision of local financial management. The sample of this research is all SKPD (Local Work Unit Unit) as user of budget related to regional finance management at Regency Government of Labuhanbatu amounting 36 SKPD and 36 Committing Officer of Commitment so amounted 72 person. Sampling method is census method, and data used is primary data. Data were collected by distributing the queryer directly submitted to the respondent. Data analysis techniques use path analysis with the help of SmartPLS 3 program. The results of this study show that value for money, honesty, transparency and oversight have positive and significant correlation to Regional Financial Management, while Regional Financial Accountability has negative and significant correlation to Regional Financial Management.

Leadership pathways for local women: Case studies of three communes in Cambodia

<p>Women in leadership are necessary for the development of Cambodia. Their involvement in leadership roles in the public sphere and politics is crucial and has been shown to impact positively on poverty reduction. Governments, NGOs and international organizations have been increasingly aware that development is significantly linked to gender. It is noted that sustainable development should focus on gender equality and that women’s empowerment is a key factor in ending extreme poverty. Thus, a developing country like Cambodia should aim to empower women at the grassroots level. This study aims to facilitate how this may be achieved. The lack of representation of women in local politics in Cambodia has recently been considered as a problem which can slow the progress of local development. This study uses case studies to understand the complexity of some women’s real-life situations (life experience, behaviours, and emotions) and to explore the patterns of women becoming leaders at local levels. Three communes in the North-Eastern provinces, Kampong Cham, Kratie and Steung Treng provide the empirical base of the study. The study poses three main research questions: firstly, what type of work, personal characteristics and resources influence women to become local leaders? Secondly, what experiences do female local leaders have? Lastly, what can be learned from women’s backgrounds and experiences to assist in the formation of a practical leadership model to help guide other women aspiring to be local leaders? In answering this last research question, the study concludes by offering a practical leadership model that is intended to help increase women’s participation in local politics. This study found that to achieve leadership, women need to build up their local work experience. Secondly, certain personal characteristics need to be developed, including a minimum education level, personal drive, confidence, gentleness, softness, integrity and friendliness. These internal factors gain people’s trust, acknowledgement and support. Lastly, women need the continuing support of government, NGOs, family, villagers and others, including political parties. Greater opportunities for women to get involved in local politics will enable them to have access to local work experience, so they can build their own capacity, and enrich their education. The findings will assist organisations and women to plan for leadership and to create and make the most of opportunities.</p>

Leadership pathways for local women: Case studies of three communes in Cambodia

<p>Women in leadership are necessary for the development of Cambodia. Their involvement in leadership roles in the public sphere and politics is crucial and has been shown to impact positively on poverty reduction. Governments, NGOs and international organizations have been increasingly aware that development is significantly linked to gender. It is noted that sustainable development should focus on gender equality and that women’s empowerment is a key factor in ending extreme poverty. Thus, a developing country like Cambodia should aim to empower women at the grassroots level. This study aims to facilitate how this may be achieved. The lack of representation of women in local politics in Cambodia has recently been considered as a problem which can slow the progress of local development. This study uses case studies to understand the complexity of some women’s real-life situations (life experience, behaviours, and emotions) and to explore the patterns of women becoming leaders at local levels. Three communes in the North-Eastern provinces, Kampong Cham, Kratie and Steung Treng provide the empirical base of the study. The study poses three main research questions: firstly, what type of work, personal characteristics and resources influence women to become local leaders? Secondly, what experiences do female local leaders have? Lastly, what can be learned from women’s backgrounds and experiences to assist in the formation of a practical leadership model to help guide other women aspiring to be local leaders? In answering this last research question, the study concludes by offering a practical leadership model that is intended to help increase women’s participation in local politics. This study found that to achieve leadership, women need to build up their local work experience. Secondly, certain personal characteristics need to be developed, including a minimum education level, personal drive, confidence, gentleness, softness, integrity and friendliness. These internal factors gain people’s trust, acknowledgement and support. Lastly, women need the continuing support of government, NGOs, family, villagers and others, including political parties. Greater opportunities for women to get involved in local politics will enable them to have access to local work experience, so they can build their own capacity, and enrich their education. The findings will assist organisations and women to plan for leadership and to create and make the most of opportunities.</p>

Local economic governance strategies in the UK’s post-industrial cities and the challenges of improving local work and employment conditions

This study examines two inter-connected issues: the local economic governance strategies pursued by English local authorities in the post-2007 Crisis austerity period, and the impact of these strategies on local work and employment conditions. The study draws on interview data, policy documents and statistical datasets from an analysis of two English localities to understand how local authorities responded to the economic pressures resulting from the 2007 Crisis and subsequent imposition of austerity policies. The study finds local authorities engaged in various forms of entrepreneurial and austerity urbanist policies under conditions of tight budgetary constraints, resulting in an increased role for the private sector as a vehicle to generate jobs and increase tax revenue. This process has increased the influence of private sector actors within local government, part of a longer term trend. This study presents evidence to illustrate why this scenario is problematic for improving work and employment conditions, chiefly due to an unwillingness to progressively regulate work, and a prioritising of job quantity in terms of total employment, rather than favouring the creation of sustainable, high-quality local employment.

Microconical Structure Formation and Field Emission From Atomically Heterogeneous Surfaces Created by Microwave Plasma–Based Low-Energy Ion Beams

We report the formation of self-organized microconical arrays on copper surface when exposed to high flux (5.4 × 1015 cm−2 s−1) of 2 keV argon ion beams at normal incidence. The created microconical arrays are explored for field emission properties. The surface morphologies are investigated by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The local work function variation is analyzed by Kelvin probe force microscopy, and the argon content in the irradiated layer is measured with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The average aspect ratio (base width/height) of microstructures for individual irradiated samples is found to increase from 0.7 to 1.5 with a decrease in ion fluence. The ion concentration is highest (3.89 %) for a fluence of 4.7 × 1018 cm−2, which asserts the formation of atomically heterogeneous surface due to subsurface ion implantation. An enhancement in the field emission properties of the argon ion–treated copper substrates at a fluence of 4.7 × 1018 cm−2 with a low turn-on voltage of 2.33 kV and with electron emission current 0.5 nA has been observed. From the Fowler–Nordheim equations, the field enhancement factor is calculated to be 5,561 for pristine copper, which gets enhanced by a factor of 2–8 times for irradiated substrates. A parametric model is considered, by taking into account the modified local work function caused due to structural undulations of the microstructures and presence of implanted argon ions, for explaining the experimental results on the field enhancement factor and emission current.

Integration of Accounting and Statistics in Financial Management of Financial Bureau

The Financial Bureau is a functional department responsible for the expenditure management of local units. It not only undertakes the responsibility of formulating and revising the financial management system, but also supervises the strict implementation of the financial system by local units. The efficient operation of the Financial Bureau can ensure the smooth progress of local work and provide assistance for local economic development. Currently, with the rapid economic development, all government departments are carrying out system reform and innovation of working methods to improve the work efficiency and make up for the deficiencies in the work. Accounting and statistics are the key links throughout the financial management work of the Financial Bureau. With the continuous innovation of the management system of the Financial Bureau, accounting and statistics will be more closely integrated.