scholarly journals Violencia de género en Latinoamérica: Estrategias para su prevención y erradicación/ Gender violence in Latin America: Strategies for its prevention and eradication

2020 ◽  
pp. 260-275
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Gender Violence

Resumen La violencia de género se ha caracterizado como un problema social en el marco de un sistema de relaciones de dominación del hombre sobre la mujer, que genera como consecuencia un daño físico, sexual o psicológico, a través de acciones que causan sufrimiento. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar desde la perspectiva teórica la violencia de género en Latinoamérica, considerando las modalidades de ejecución, las estrategias empleadas para su prevención y erradicación a fin de generar fundamentaciones basadas en publicaciones recientes. La metodología base fue la revisión bibliográfica, crítica, y documental. Se recurrió al método descriptivo-argumentativo. Para la recolección de la información se utilizaron las bases de datos: Latindex, Redalyc, Scielo, Scopus, y Dialnet. La violencia de género históricamente se ha relacionado con la mujer afectándola en distintos ámbitos, económicos, políticos, sociales, culturales. Las legislaciones nacionales y sus estrategias para la prevención y erradicación tienen origen en las normas internacionales, no obstante, a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados se evidencian reportes de cifras alarmantes que demuestran debilidades en la implementación o ejecución de procedimientos adoptados en la región para aplicar la normativa vigente que garantiza y protege los derechos de la mujer a vivir una vida libre de violencia. Abstract Gender violence has been characterized as a social problem within the framework of a system of relations of domination of men over women, which consequently generates physical, sexual or psychological damage, through actions that cause suffering. The objective of this study was to analyze gender violence in Latin America from a theoretical perspective, considering the execution modalities, the strategies used for its prevention and eradication in order to generate foundations based on recent publications. The base methodology was the bibliographic, critical, and documentary review. The descriptive-argumentative method was used. To collect the information, the following databases were used: Latindex, Redalyc, Scielo, Scopus, and Dialnet. Gender violence has historically been related to women, affecting them in different areas, economic, political, social, cultural. National laws and their strategies for prevention and eradication are based on international standards, however, despite the efforts made, reports of alarming figures are evidenced that show weaknesses in the implementation or execution of procedures adopted in the region to apply the current regulations that guarantee and protect the rights of women to live a life free of violence.

The Global Ruling of Local Crisis Intervention: An Institutional Ethnography of Anti-Violence Work in Kyrgyzstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122098593
Author(s):  
Elena Kim
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Institutional Ethnography ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Women Clients ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Standards Of Practice

This article analyzes contradictory practices carried out in Kyrgyzstani crisis centers for victims of gender violence resulting in women-clients failing to obtain the protection they seek. These problematic dynamics are shaped by a global apparatus on women’s human rights protection and international standards of practice. Crisis center professionals perform the final activation of this ruling apparatus through textual work driven not by the women’s needs but by the goal of bringing local actions into accord with the “legal framework” organized and expressed by the national anti-violence law and the government’s need to report on it to international treaty bodies.

scholarly journals Pueblos originários y educación: De la colonialidad a las experiências decoloniales en Brasil y Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Juan Guillermo Mansilla ◽  
José Rubens Lima Jardilino
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Return Of Results ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Written Sources

This article on the education of indigenous peoples in Latin America is a synthesis of an approximation of studies on the history of Education of indigenous peoples (schooling), taking Brazil and Chile as a case study. It represents an effort of reflection of two researchers of the History of Latin American Education Society (SHELA), who have been studying Indigenous Education or Indigenous School Education in Chile and Brazil, from the theoretical perspective of “coloniality and decoloniality” of indigenous peoples in Latin America. The research is based on a comprehensive-interpretative paradigm, whose method is linked to the type of qualitative historiographic descriptive research considering primary and secondary written sources, complemented with visual data (photographs). The documentary analysis was made from material based on primary written sources, secondary and unobtrusive personal documents. The study included three distinct phases in the process of producing results: 1) a critical review of the data of our previous research, in addition to the bibliographic review of research results regarding the presence of the school in other indigenous cultures of the Americas; 2) capturing and processing of new data; and 3) validation and return of results with the research participants. Content analysis was carried out in order to reveal nuclei of central abstract knowledge, endowed with meaning and significance from the perspective of the producers of the discourse, as well as knowledge expressed concretely in the texts, including their latent contents.

Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.5 Latin America: Coordinated by Lauro Gama and José Antonio Moreno Rodríguez, 53 Organization of American States: The OAS Guide and the Hague Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodríguez José Antonio Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Organization Of American States ◽  
Member States ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
American States ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Current

This chapter reflects on the relationship between the Guide of the Organization of American States on the Applicable Law to International Commercial Contracts (OAS Guide) and the Hague Principles. The OAS Guide has several objectives. It proposes a current statement of the law applicable to international commercial contracts for the Americas as based on the fundamental principles of the Inter-American Convention on the Law Applicable to International Contracts, commonly known as the ‘Mexico Convention’, and with the incorporation of subsequent developments in the field to date, particularly as codified in the Hague Principles. The Guide also seeks to support efforts by OAS Member States to modernize their domestic laws on international commercial contracts in accordance with international standards. It further provides assistance to contracting parties in the Americas and their counsel in drafting and interpreting international commercial contracts; and serves as guidance to judges and arbitrators, who may find the Guide useful both to interpret and supplement domestic laws, particularly on matters in international commercial contracts that are not addressed in such laws.

Occupational and environmental safety standards in nanotechnology: International Organization for Standardization, Latin America and beyond

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Foladori
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Iso Standards ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Management Standards

In the absence of government safety regulation in the field of nanotechnology, ISO standards are being used as the basis for establishing technical and management guidelines at an international level. There are more than 50 current ISO standards on nanotechnology. Some of these relate to the working environment and occupational risk management. In Latin America, entities that are members of ISO are enunciating national versions of the international standards. In this article, this context is analysed critically, starting from the Mexican standard on occupational risk management in the working environment. Even though risk management standards may guarantee better and safer working conditions, in the field of nanotechnology, they simultaneously unlock detrimental implications for workers and society. Reliance on such private and voluntary forms of industry self-regulation is identified as a by-product of global neoliberalism.

Gender issues run deep in Latin America

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
And Gender

Women’s political representation has increased in Latin America, but inequality and gender violence persist

scholarly journals Recomendaciones derivadas de la acreditación de programas educativos: Análisis en una universidad pública estatal de México

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
José Alfonso Jiménez Moreno ◽  
Salvador Ponce Ceballos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Public University ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Academic Productivity ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
The University

The article addresses the problem of accreditation of educational programs in Mexico. The importance of this type of evaluation is generated based on the policies in which higher education in Latin America is circumscribed. The objective of the research was to carry out a documentary analysis of 21 accreditation documents of seven programs of a public university over three periods, in order to classify the recommendations made by the accrediting instances; The resulting units or categories were as follows: Academic Staff, Students, Curriculum, Collaboration, Research and Program Management. The results show a lack of conceptual delimitation and compliance with international standards in the 21 documents, as well as information that suggests the university should increase the competitiveness of its programs, consolidate collegial work, strength trajectories, and meet the needs of the environment. The authors conclude that there is a need to make explicit the evaluation model that supports the accreditations. In addition, they  describe how the accreditation promotes academic productivity and the establishment of basic conditions for the organization and operation of educational programs.

scholarly journals Bioethical Aspects of Human Rights in Modern Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
J. A. Travieso ◽  
A. V. Ferraro ◽  
E. N. Trikoz ◽  
E. E. Gulyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
International Law ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Order ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Legal Provisions

The aim of the paper is to analyze the bioethical aspects of the institution of human rights in Latin America. The result of the present research is the author's conclusion on the necessity of the practical implementation of legal provisions in this area, and their judicial enforcement in many states of Latin America with the aim of compliance with international standards of human rights. In the face of global uncertainty of COVID-19, it is more necessary than ever to maintain a strong commitment to international law and human rights with responsibility in bioethics, and also to seek to preserve and consolidate what has been advanced in the construction of a world order based on rules and shared values, along with a policy structured on common values and international principles. States must take international responsibility for wrongful acts for the violation of human rights in biolaw. The research methodology was based on general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition (the dialectical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparative legal and historical legal methods). The biolaw basing on the International Law and Human Rights has its special understanding of the issue, which should be supported by further legislative development in Latin America. Latin American courts will not be able to make judgments on bioethical issues for a long time, while it is closely related to biopolitics and other controversial regional political positions. There are structural and historical problems of Latin American legal culture, a high index of criminal impunity and wide discretion of law-enforcement agencies that do not apply specific principles of biolaw and even bypass official bioethical guidelines in their practice. The author's give overview of the practice of Mexico on the matter of the legislative process in biolaw. The paper focuses on different theoretical approaches.

scholarly journals Gender violence on pandemic of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
David Alejandro Navarrete Solórzano ◽  
María Rodríguez Gamez ◽  
Osvaldo Jiménez Pérez de Corcho
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Home Death ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Quantitative Approaches

Among the measures imposed by different countries, suggested by experts and epidemiologists to curb the number of infections and death from the pandemic COVID-19 is quarantined, forcing families to stay home longer and interact with family members. Life as a couple becomes increasingly difficult to lead, there are problems of gender violence since before confinement. The situation of social isolation in many cases can worsen relationships and increase conflicts, fighting, and altercations between couples, becoming a social problem. The objective of this work is to analyze the figures and reports of cases of gender violence during the 1940s. The methodology applied was bibliographic research considering reliable and current sources; from qualitative-quantitative approaches that allow evaluating the information and making statistics for a better explanation of the study. The development of the text has a deductive and an inductive approach for its understanding. The results offer a clear overview of the problem that is exacerbated in times of compulsory quarantine in families while protecting themselves from the coronavirus from home, death can lurk in domestic violence that is understood to be the safest. It concludes with an increase in the problems during the quarantine.

Femicidio and Feminicidio Laws in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The State ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Legal Activism ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Mexican State ◽  
The Law ◽  
Precise Content

Femicidio refers to the murder of a woman because of her gender. Feminicidio emphasizes the role of the state in enabling these crimes and the impunity with which they are treated. Feminist legal activism and the development of supranational and regional human rights instruments throughout the 1990s and 2000s were essential to the development of femicidio/feminicidio laws across Latin America. As of 2018, such laws were in effect in 18 countries across the region. However, the precise content and scope of laws criminalizing femicidio/feminicidio vary. For example, in the case of Mexico, transnational feminist legal activism, including a case brought before the Inter-American Human Rights Court, was essential to shaming the Mexican state into codifying feminicidio. This process was facilitated by the presence of feminist legislators within the Mexican legislature, who advocated for such legislation. In the case of Nicaragua and Peru, local feminist advocacy and copious documentation of the scope of the problem of femicidio/feminicidio proved more significant in the ultimate codification of femicidio/feminicidio. However, the legal advances against gender violence achieved in Nicaragua in 2012 were subsequently undone due to pressure from men’s rights and religious conservatives, leading to the weak implementation of the law criminalizing femicidio.

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