Wald in der globalen Klimapolitik: Stand heute und Perspektiven

Forest in global climate change policy: state of today and perspectives Forests play an essential role in both strategies of global climate policy: mitigation and adaptation. Forest is the only CO2 reservoir that can be directly influenced by humans: if new forest area is created or the productivity of forest is promoted, it stores additional CO2 and thus becomes a sink. In contrast, when forest is degraded or transformed, significant amounts of CO2 are released into the atmosphere, and the forest becomes a carbon source. So adaptation measures in the forest always contribute to the mitigation strategy, and mitigation measures – properly planned and executed – contribute to the adaptation strategy. The article describes the evolution of international climate policy since its inception and the role of forests and trees in this political process. The article focuses on current instruments of international climate policy for the promotion of forest programmes in industrialised and developing countries (REDD+). It concludes that forests are so significant in terms of their metabolism, carbon content and extent that it is almost impossible to correct the trend of increasing CO2 levels in the atmosphere without fully considering forests and their sustainable management.

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Towards Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation

Comparative Sociology ◽

10.1163/15691330-bja10028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 138-158

Author(s):

Umer Khayyam ◽

Rida Bano ◽

Shahzad Alvi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Climate ◽

Capital City ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Natural Systems ◽

Mitigation And Adaptation ◽

Level Of Motivation ◽

The University

Abstract Global climate change is one of the main threats facing humanity and the impacts on natural systems as well as humans are expected to be severe. People can take action against these threats through two approaches: mitigation and adaptation. However, mitigations and adaptations are contingent on the level of motivation and awareness, as well as socio-economic and environmental conditions. This study examined personal perception and motivation to mitigate and adapt to climate change among the university students in the capital city of Pakistan. We divided the respondents into social sciences, applied sciences and natural sciences, using logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that students who perceive severity, benefits from preparation, and have more information about climate change were 1.57, 4.98 and 1.63 times more likely to take mitigation and 1.47, 1.14 and 1.17 times more likely to take adaptation measures, respectively. Students who perceived self-efficacy, obstacles to protect from the negative consequences of climate change and who belonged to affluent families were more likely to take mitigation measures and less likely to take adaptation strategies. However, mitigation and adaptation were unaffected by age, gender and study discipline.

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BRICS Countries in International Climate Policy

Vestnik RUDN International Relations ◽

10.22363/2313-0660-2021-21-1-64-78 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 64-78

Author(s):

Yuri Yurievich Kovalev ◽

Olga Sergeevna Porshneva

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Policy ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Global Climate ◽

Ecological Modernization ◽

Carbon Intensity ◽

Brics Countries ◽

Climate Policies ◽

International Climate Policy ◽

International Climate

The article presents an analysis of the BRICS countries climate policies at the global and national levels. The authors consider the positions of these states within the framework of both international climate conferences (Conference of the Parties) held under the auspices of the UN since 1992, and the summits of BRICS member states in the years 2011-2020. The paper covers strategies and results of national climate policies implemented in these countries. Using structural, comparative, and content analysis methods, the authors emphasize that BRICS countries play a key role in stabilizing the climate of our planet today. It is impossible to achieve the main aim of the Paris Agreement without a comprehensive transformation of environmental practices in these societies. BRICS adheres to the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities in its position towards international climate policy; the BRICS countries stand for sustainable economic growth through the introduction of new environmental technologies, and against restrictive measures that impede their economic development. At the same time, the Russian economys dependence on the extraction and export of fuel resources complicates environmental transformation. Russia is dominated by a negative narrative of climate change, where the urgent ecological modernization of the economy is seen as a threat to key sectors (oil and gas) of the economy. The implementation of international agreements to reduce the carbon intensity of the Russian economy, the creation of conditions for the transition to climate-neutral technologies, would contribute not only to the fight against global climate change, but would become a powerful incentive for the modernization of the economy, accelerating innovation and increasing its competitiveness.

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Interests, Norms and Support for the Provision of Global Public Goods: The Case of Climate Co-operation

British Journal of Political Science ◽

10.1017/s0007123417000205 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 1333-1355 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Michael M. Bechtel ◽

Federica Genovese ◽

Kenneth F. Scheve

Keyword(s):

Social Norms ◽

Climate Policy ◽

Global Climate ◽

Global Public Good ◽

Behavioral Measures ◽

Percentage Points ◽

International Climate Policy ◽

International Climate ◽

Mass Attitudes ◽

Specific Interests

Mitigating climate change requires countries to provide a global public good. This means that the domestic cleavages underlying mass attitudes toward international climate policy are a central determinant of its provision. We argue that the industry-specific costs of emission abatement and internalized social norms help explain support for climate policy. To evaluate our predictions we develop novel measures of industry-specific interests by cross-referencing individuals’ sectors of employment and objective industry-level pollution data and employing quasi-behavioral measures of social norms in combination with both correlational and conjoint-experimental data. We find that individuals working in pollutive industries are 7 percentage points less likely to support climate co-operation than individuals employed in cleaner sectors. Our results also suggest that reciprocal and altruistic individuals are about 10 percentage points more supportive of global climate policy. These findings indicate that both interests and norms function as complementary explanations that improve our understanding of individual policy preferences.

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Adaptation can help mitigation: an integrated approach to post-2012 climate policy

Environment and Development Economics ◽

10.1017/s1355770x13000132 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 270-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Francesco Bosello ◽

Carlo Carraro ◽

Enrica De Cian

Keyword(s):

Climate Policy ◽

Climate Change Policy ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Integrated Assessment Model ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Mitigation And Adaptation ◽

Change Policy ◽

Optimal Mix

AbstractThis paper analyzes the optimal mix of adaptation and mitigation expenditures in a cost-effective setting, in which countries cooperate to achieve a long-term stabilization target (550 CO2-eq). It uses an Integrated Assessment Model (AD-WITCH) that describes the relationships between different adaptation modes (reactive and anticipatory), mitigation and capacity building to analyze the optimal portfolio of adaptation measures. Results show that the optimal intertemporal distribution of climate policy measures is characterized by early investments in mitigation followed by large adaptation expenditures a few decades later. Hence, the possibility of adapting does not justify postponing mitigation. Moreover, a climate change policy combining mitigation and adaptation is less costly than mitigation alone. In this sense mitigation and adaptation are shown to be strategic complements rather than mutually exclusive.

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Climate and Energy Policy in the eu and Germany at a cross roads

Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law ◽

10.1163/18760104-01102003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 95-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Simon Marr

Keyword(s):

Climate Policy ◽

Global Climate ◽

Global Leadership ◽

Energy Transformation ◽

Political Leaders ◽

International Climate Policy ◽

Wide Energy ◽

International Climate ◽

Climate And Energy Policy ◽

The Eu

For decades the eu claimed for itself political leadership in fighting climate change. Less than two years from now to the global climate conference in Paris (in 2015), however, the eu’s climate policy stands at a cross roads: The eu can leave its impact weak or it decides to strengthen it showing global leadership in international climate policy making again. The situation is similar in Germany. Europe’s self-styled climate policy leader and architect of an economy-wide energy transformation (“Energiewende”) that followed the Fukushima events in 2011, the country now finds itself embattled by industry, political interest groups and consumers, and it risks losing track. If political leaders wish to save the “Energiewende” – certainly one of the boldest political reforms in decades – they need to get serious about putting it into practice.

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