scholarly journals Artificially Induced Thermokarst in Active Glacier Ice: An Example from North-West British Columbia, Canada

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (80) ◽  
pp. 437-444
Author(s):  
N. Eyles ◽  
R. J. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
North West ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Basal Ice ◽  
Glacier Ice

AbstractWarm waste water, at 30°C, has been discharged from a copper concentrater on to the active terminal ice of Berendon Glacier, British Columbia, since 1970. As a result, rapid basal ice melt causes the formation of caverns and subsequent collapse features referred to as glacier thermokarst. A review of the literature reveals that such features have been described elsewhere from active ice, and the usual conditions assumed for the development of glacier thermokarst (stagnant, heavily debris-covered ice) should be redefined to include these examples.

scholarly journals Artificially Induced Thermokarst in Active Glacier Ice: An Example from North-West British Columbia, Canada

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (80) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Eyles ◽  
R. J. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
North West ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Basal Ice ◽  
Glacier Ice

AbstractWarm waste water, at 30°C, has been discharged from a copper concentrater on to the active terminal ice of Berendon Glacier, British Columbia, since 1970. As a result, rapid basal ice melt causes the formation of caverns and subsequent collapse features referred to as glacier thermokarst. A review of the literature reveals that such features have been described elsewhere from active ice, and the usual conditions assumed for the development of glacier thermokarst (stagnant, heavily debris-covered ice) should be redefined to include these examples.

Japewia Subaurifera, A New Lichen Genus and Species From North-West Europe and Western North America

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tønsberg
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Coniferous Trees ◽  
North West

AbstractThe genus Japewia Tønsb. is introduced to accommodate three species including J. subaurifera Muhr & Tønsb. sp. nov. based on material from Norway, Sweden, Finland, Scotland, Canada (British Columbia) and U.S.A. (Washington). This species is closely related to Lecidea tornoensis Nyl. but is distinguished in being sorediate and by the production of lobaric acid (accessory) and acetone-soluble pigments. It grows on bark of deciduous and coniferous trees. Lecidea carrollii Coppins & P. James and L. tornoensis Nyl. are transferred to Japewia.

III.—Recent Observations on the Glaciation of British Columbia and Adjacent Regions

1888 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geo. M. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Coast Mountains ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Inland Ice ◽  
Great Valley ◽  
The U.S

Previous observations in British Columbia have shown that at one stage in the Glacial period—that of maximum glaciation—a great confluent ice-mass has occupied the region which may be named the Interior Plateau, between the Coast Mountains and Gold and Eocky Mountain Kanges. From the 55th to the 49th parallel this great glacier has left traces of its general southward or southeastward movement, which are distinct from those of subsequent local glaciers. The southern extensions or terminations of this confluent glacier, in Washington and Idaho Territories, have quite recently been examined by Mr. Bailley Willis and Prof. T. C. Chamberlin, of the U.S. Geological Survey. There is, further, evidence to show that this inland-ice flowed also, by transverse valleys and gaps, across the Coast Range, and that the fiords of the coast were thus deeply filled with glacier-ice which, supplemented by that originating on the Coast Range itself, buried the entire great valley which separates Vancouver Island from the mainland and discharged seaward round both ends of the island. Further north, the glacier extending from the mainland coast touched the northern shores of the Queen Charlotte Islands.

scholarly journals δD – δ18O Relationships in Ice Formed by Subglacial Freezing: Paleoclimatic Implications

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (109) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Souchez ◽  
J. M. de Groote
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
System Model ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Basal Ice ◽  
Polar Ice Sheets ◽  
Glacier Ice

AbstractA freezing slope, distinct from that of precipitation, is displayed on a δD–δ18O diagram by basal ice in different circumstances. However, if the subglacial reservoir allowed to freeze is mixed in the course of time with an input having a lighter isotopic composition, basal ice cannot be distinguished from glacier ice in terms of slope. Such a situation is encountered at the base of Grubengletscher and is indicated by a computer simulation using the open-system model of Souchez and Jouzel (1984). Suggested implications for the paleoclimatic interpretation of deep ice cores recovered from the bottom part of polar ice sheets are given.

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: a review stressing its propensity for malignant transformation

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm M Hayes
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
British Columbia Cancer Agency ◽  
Clinical Behaviour ◽  
Cancer Agency

This review describes the classification, clinical presentation, pathological features and clinical behaviour of adenomyoepithelioma (AME) of the breast. It is based on an extensive review of the literature and study of a collection of cases built up over a 17-year period at the British Columbia Cancer Agency. The diversity of the morphology encountered in both benign and malignant AME is described. The behaviour of malignant AME seems to be related to the grade of the malignant component.

scholarly journals A Framework for the Investigation of Medial Moraine Formation: Austerdalsbreen, Norway, and Berendon Glacier, British Columbia, Canada

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (82) ◽  
pp. 99-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Eyles ◽  
R. J. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Lateral Moraine ◽  
Ice Streams ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Terminal Zone ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
A Minor

AbstractMorphology of medial moraines on Austerdalsbreen, Norway, and Berendon Glacier, British Columbia, depends upon englacial debris supply. Major sub-types of this "ablation-dominant" model are related to the zone of debris entrainment relative to the firn line, and the manner of entrainment.On Austerdalsbreen, debris derived from extraglacial bedrock slopes is entrained via crevasses at the confluence of two ice-cap outlet glaciers below the firn line. Revelation of crevasse-bound debris generates a distinct ice-cored morphology which is destroyed as crevasse bottoms are revealed down-glacier.On Berendon Glacier ice streams coalesce above and below the firn line. Above the firn line, debris from extraglacial rock outcrops, subnival and subglacial zones, undergoes seasonal sedimentation with snowfall, and extends throughout the ice depth. Distinct moraine morphology in the terminal zone is related to continuing debris supply. Most debris is transported at depth near the glacier base.An "ice-stream interaction" model where medial moraines formed below the firn line from the confluence of ice streams with large lateral moraine load are morphologically controlled by flow, explains morphology on the Berendon Glacier in the main confluence zone only. Down-glacier, this moraine becomes "ablation dominant". A minor "avalanche-type" model is also recognized.

The debris cover surface of Ponkar glacier: a laboratory for learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina E. Racoviteanu ◽  
Neil F. Glasser ◽  
Smriti Basnett ◽  
Rakesh Kayastha ◽  
Stephan Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Supraglacial Lakes ◽  
High Asia ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

<p>Understanding the evolution of debris-covered glaciers, including their evolution over time, the distribution of surface features such as exposed ice walls and supraglacial lakes, and their contributions to glacier ice melt and to glacier-related hazards such as Glacier Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) events requires an interdisciplinary approach, with a combination of remote sensing methods and collaborative fieldwork.</p><p>Since 2017, the IGCP 672 /UNESCO project led has been focussing on the transfer of scientific knowledge on monitoring debris-covered glaciers to local partner institutions in high Asia through trainings, workshops and field collaborations. Our long-term goal is to disseminate methodologies developed under this project to local institutions in high Asia and to embed scientific knowledge into local communities. Here we report on recent capacity building activities held within the context of this new project involved local participants from universities in Nepal and Sikkim. The training included remote sensing/GIS modules, temperature measurements, sediment logging and drone surveys of the ablation zone, which will allow us to better quantify the surface features and their evolution.</p><p> </p>

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