scholarly journals Economic Crises as a Motive for Change in Health Care Systems – A Historical Perspective with Reference to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-374
Author(s):  
Snježana Kaštelan ◽  
Martina Sopta ◽  
Milena Radonjić ◽  
Uršula Kaštelan ◽  
Boris Kasun
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Social Reforms ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Potential Damage

Economic crises throughout history have often given an impetus for health and social reforms leading to the introduction of general healthcare systems and social equality in a large number of countries. The aim of this paper is to present the major economic crises and their effect on healthcare and social system chronologically. Bismarck’s and Beveridge’s model, the two most prominent healthcare models, which emerged primarily as a response to major economic crises, constitute the basis for the functioning of most health care systems in the world. An overview of historical events and experiences may be valuable in predicting future developments and potential effects of the crisis on healthcare systems and health in general. An analysis of past crises as well as current health and economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the healthcare system can facilitate the comprehension of the mechanisms of action and consequences of economic recession. It may also help identify guidelines and changes that might reduce the potential damage caused by future crises. The historical examples presented show that a crisis could trigger changes, which, in theiressence, are not necessarily negative. The response of society as a whole determines the direction of these changes, and it is up to society to transform the negative circumstances brought about by the recession into activities that contribute to general well-being and progress.

Examining the Opportunities of Social Networking Adoption in the Health Care Systems

2015 ◽  
pp. 173-189
Author(s):  
Peldon
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Healthcare Profession ◽  
Care Systems

Social Network Sites (SNSs) are known for providing the opportunity to quickly spread information faster than any other mode because of its ease of accessibility and ability to reach wider populations. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the opportunities of adopting Social Networking (SN) in the healthcare systems. Based on the current literature review, using a social network will enhance communication, collaboration, connection, coordination, and knowledge sharing. The healthcare profession of Bhutan undertook the survey for this study. Three new factors were generated from this study, namely 4Cs; it was found that the use of social networking enhances communication, coordination, collaboration, and connection with patients and among healthcare professionals. The second factor, Green and Sustainability, social networking enables the reduction of the carbon footprint, and the third factor is Exchange Knowledge via use of social networking.

Adult Care in Cystic Fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (06) ◽  
pp. 857-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stuart Elborn
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Expanding Population ◽  
Almost All

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is now more common in adults than children in countries with well-developed health care systems. The number of adults continues to increase and will further increase if the new cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators are disease modifying. Most of the complex morbidity and almost all the mortality of CF occur in adults and will increasingly follow this pattern even with new effective modulator therapies. Maintaining good quality of life including social functioning and maximizing survival for adults are the key priorities. This requires a highly knowledgeable and adaptable multidisciplinary team, which, though focused on maintaining lung health, requires an increasing range of other disciplines and specialties to maximize well-being. Changes in health care systems will require current models of care to adapt to provide care for the large number of adult patients. With increasing survival and age, many are likely to have both CF morbidities and additional diseases of aging. New models are needed for health care delivery for this expanding population with complex medical conditions.

Health care and the future of economic growth: exploring alternative perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hensher ◽  
John Tisdell ◽  
Ben Canny ◽  
Craig Zimitat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Care Systems

AbstractThe strong and positive relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and health expenditure is one of the most extensively explored topics in health economics. Since the global financial crisis, a variety of theories attempting to explain the slow recovery of the global economy have predicted that future economic growth will be slower than in the past. Others have increasingly questioned whether GDP growth is desirable or sustainable in the long term as evidence grows of humanity's impact on the natural environment. This paper reviews recent data on trends in global GDP growth and health expenditure. It examines a range of theories and scenarios concerning future global GDP growth prospects. It then considers the potential implications for health care systems and health financing policy of these different scenarios. In all cases, a core question concerns whether growth in GDP and/or growth in health expenditure in fact increases human health and well-being. Health care systems in low growth or ‘post-growth’ futures will need to be much more tightly focused on reducing overtreatment and low value care, reducing environmental impact, and on improving technical and allocative efficiency. This will require much more concerted policy and regulatory action to reduce industry rent-seeking behaviours.

scholarly journals Responsibilities of Pregnant Women for on Going Pregnancy - Medical Aspects

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Ratko Matijević ◽  
Katja Erjavec
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Unborn Child ◽  
Communication Education ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Potential Damage

There are numerous factors known to affect the course of pregnancy and adversely impact perinatal mortality and morbidity. Some of them are avoidable and some are not. Avoidable factors can be either under responsibility of medical staff, health care systems and communities; or under responsibility of pregnant women. By modifying and changing their lifestyle, pregnant women can influence some avoidable factors and improve their pregnancy outcome. However, by ignoring them, they can cause potential damage to themselves and to their unborn child. There is no well defined responsibility for women concerning ways they influence their pregnancy outcome; they have a full right to make decisions about themselves and their unborn children, whether right or wrong. Good communication, education and understanding are essential when dealing with these issues.

scholarly journals Governance of health care systems in an ageing world – the case of Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 729-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Banasik
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Care System

The main argument of this paper is that because the burden of diseases increases with age, a greater numbers of older individuals will increase the demand for health care, and whether this demand will be met very much depends on how health care systems are governed. This task is particularly complex in jurisdictions with multi-layer governing systems such as the Australian health care system. Governance, described in terms of stewardship of the well-being of the population and as a central component for building effective health care systems, is increasingly considered to be very important for a well performing health care system (World Health Organization, 2000, 2007). Governance is, however, the least studied function in a health care system (Alliance 2009). Furthermore, the limited governance frameworks and assessments that have been developed thus far fail to include the political context in which health care systems operate (Baez-Camargo and Jacobs, 2011). This paper intends to fill this knowledge gap by exploring the political dynamics of the Australian health care system’s governance and its accountability. Furthering the discourse on governance is especially important in times when health care systems are confronted with the challenges of ageing populations

scholarly journals Integrating Marriage Education into Perinatal Education

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Hawkins ◽  
Tamara Gillil ◽  
Glenda Christiaens ◽  
Jason S. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Couple Relationship ◽  
Relationship Education ◽  
Couple Relationship Education ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Adults And Children

Couples making the transition to parenthood experience challenges that can threaten the quality and stability of their relationships and the health of family members. Currently, the educational infrastructure to support the delivery of couple-relationship education during the transition to parenthood is limited. Because new-parent couples interact with the health care system at many points during this transition time, an opportunity exists for strengthening couple relationships within the system to improve the well-being of adults and children. In this article, we propose a productive collaboration between marriage/couple educators and health care systems to integrate couple-relationship education into the standard of perinatal care.

scholarly journals Solidarity and Responsibility in Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Davies ◽  
Julian Savulescu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Autonomous Choice ◽  
Lower Priority ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Burdens

Abstract Some healthcare systems are said to be grounded in solidarity because healthcare is funded as a form of mutual support. This article argues that health care systems that are grounded in solidarity have the right to penalise some users who are responsible for their poor health. This derives from the fact that solidary systems involve both rights and obligations and, in some cases, those who avoidably incur health burdens violate obligations of solidarity. Penalties warranted include direct patient contribution to costs, and lower priority treatment, but not typically full exclusion from the healthcare system. We also note two important restrictions on this argument. First, failures of solidary obligations can only be assumed under conditions that are conducive to sufficiently autonomous choice, which occur when patients are given ‘Golden Opportunities’ to improve their health. Second, because poor health does not occur in a social vacuum, an insistence on solidarity as part of healthcare is legitimate only if all members of society are held to similar standards of solidarity. We cannot insist upon, and penalise failures of, solidarity only for those who are unwell, and who cannot afford to evade the terms of public health.

scholarly journals WHO GUIDELINES ON COMMUNITY-LEVEL INTERVENTIONS TO MANAGE DECLINES IN INTRINSIC CAPACITY: THE ROAD TO PREVENTION COGNITIVE DECLINE IN OLDER AGE?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
B. Vellas ◽  
R. Scrase ◽  
G.A. Rosenberg ◽  
S. Andrieu ◽  
I. Araujo de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Older Age ◽  
The Road ◽  
Strategic Emphasis ◽  
Aging Program ◽  
Care Systems

The Concept of decline in “Intrinsic Capacities” (IC) from W.H.O Current Aging program (1, 2) prompts us to reposition prevention of cognitive decline and memory disorders with advancing age. In the new conceptual framework, Healthy Ageing is not defined as life free of diseases (disease can occur at any age) but, rather, as «the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age» (1). This is a significant departure from the key strategy of current health care systems that are mainly designed to identify and treat acute episodes of (and chronic) illnesses, rather than maintaining individuals’ Intrinsic Capacities IC across the life course (1). Hence, there is an urgent need to change the strategic emphasis of health care systems from focusing on acute conditions to promoting integrated care aimed at maintaining functional abilities and well-being as an effective approach to promote healthy ageing.

scholarly journals Retos de la Investigación en Sistemas y Servicios de Salud

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelcy Martinez Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Care Systems

La investigación en sistemas y servicios de salud tiene como principales objetivos contribuir a la toma de decisiones y a la definición de políticas para mejorar la eficiencia y la efectividad de los sistemas de salud. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y documental con el objetivo de exponer algunos de los retos que enfrenta este campo investigativo para cumplir con sus propósitos. Además, se analizaron algunas propuestas para vencer estos retos. La asunción de la investigación en sistemas y servicios de salud como un campo científico esencial en todos los sistemas de salud, el desarrollo de capacidades para su realización y la constitución de una comunidad científica son algunas de las propuestas que pueden incidir de manera positiva en el alcance de las metas para mejorar los sistemas de salud.ABSTRACTThe research in health care systems and services aims to add to the improvement of such and to add in the decision making process its efficiency and effectiveness. A bibliographical and documentary review with the objective of exposing some of the challenges faced in this area of research was made. With the assumption of healthcare systems and services as a scientific field, essential in Healthcare Systems, the developments of its potential realization and its interactivity with the scientif community are some of the proposals which could avail a reach of the objectives to improve Healthcare Systems.

Evaluating Interventions to Promote Patient Involvement in Decision-Making: By What Criteria Should Effectiveness be Judged?

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikki A Entwistle ◽  
Amanda J Sowden ◽  
Ian S Watt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Improve Health Status ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Care Options ◽  
Patient Relationships

Interventions to inform patients about health care options and to involve them in decisions about their care are now widely advocated. The question of which criteria should be used to judge the effectiveness of such interventions has, however, received little attention. The provision of research-based information about health care effectiveness to patients and the promotion of greater patient involvement in health care decision-making are likely to have a complex range of effects on: the information provided to patients; patients' acquisition of skills; patients' knowledge and emotions; how decisions are made; the quality of decisions; professional—patient relationships; the use of health care; the health of patients; satisfaction; and the organisation and cost of health services. Opinions about which effects are most important and how they should be measured and valued will be influenced by a variety of factors, including: the rationales and motives underlying interest in patient involvement in decision-making; the forms of patient involvement envisaged; and the types of interventions being considered. In the context of health care systems which aim primarily to improve health status and well-being, health outcomes should take priority over process variables such as decision-making behaviours and patients' knowledge.

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