scholarly journals Effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid on production of antibodies against classical swine fever live vaccine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Eiji Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Miniature Pigs

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a bioactive compound, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which has been reported to exhibit an immune-boosting effect, using a classical live swine fever (CSF) vaccine experimental model in pigs.  Methods: First, the effect of two different 5-ALA doses was evaluated by measuring the blood CSF viral load in male and female micro miniature pigs after vaccination with live vaccines. The CSF vaccine had a low inducing effect on antibody production in females, which improved after administration of 5-ALA by enhancing Th2 immunity as indicated by elevated interleukin-10 levels. Next, using male micro miniature pigs, the change in body weight was measured from the time before inoculation with the live vaccine to 28 days after inoculation, and the pattern of IgM and IgG antibody production after 5-ALA administration was examined. Results: Preventive doses of 5-ALA enabled the continuous production of IgG antibodies at the same rate as found in control pigs not receiving 5-ALA; however, the switch to IgG production was delayed during 5-ALA treatment. Oral administration of 5-ALA kept the testing male pigs healthy, showing normal growth. Conclusions: This suggested that the heme synthesis-promoting effects of 5-ALA simultaneously promoted the conversion of B cells into plasma cells.Keywords: functional food, 5-ALA, human equivalent dose, pig, classical swine fever 

scholarly journals Factors associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody production in patients convalescing from COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kutsuna ◽  
Yusuke Asai ◽  
Akihiro Matsunaga ◽  
Noriko Kinoshita ◽  
Mari Terada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Potentiating Antigen-Specific Antibody Production with Peptides Obtained from In Silico Screening for High-Affinity against MHC-II

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2949
Author(s):  
Yoshiro Hanyu ◽  
Yuto Komeiji ◽  
Mieko Kato
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Specific Antibody Production

Monoclonal antibodies with high affinity and specificity are essential for research and clinical purposes, yet remain difficult to produce. Agretope peptides that can potentiate antigen-specific antibody production have been reported recently. Here, we screened in silico for peptides with higher affinity against the agretope binding pocket in the MHC-II. The screening was based on the 3D crystal structure of a complex between MHC-II and a 14-mer peptide consisting of ovalbumin residues 323–339. Using this 14-mer peptide as template, we constructed a library of candidate peptides and screened for those that bound tightly to MHC-II. Peptide sequences that exhibited a higher binding affinity than the original ovalbumin peptide were identified. The peptide with the highest binding affinity was synthesized and its ability to boost antigen-specific antibody production in vivo and in vitro was assessed. In both cases, antigen-specific IgG antibody production was potentiated. Monoclonal antibodies were established by in vitro immunization using this peptide as immunostimulant, confirming the usefulness of such screened peptides for monoclonal antibody production.

scholarly journals Immune complexes can trigger specific, T cell-dependent, autoanti-IgG antibody production in mice.

1985 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Nemazee
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Factor Production ◽  
Igg Isotypes ◽  
Igg2a Response

Immunization of mice with a combination of passively administered syngeneic IgG (anti-p-azophenylarsonate [anti-Ars]) antibody and a soluble, multivalent form of the antibody's corresponding antigen (Limulus polyphemus hemocyanin conjugated with Ars [Lph-Ars]) resulted in specific autoanti-IgG Fc (rheumatoid factor) production. The response was rapid and only anti-IgG of the IgM isotype is found. Because immunization with either the IgG antibody or the antigen alone did not result in rheumatoid antibody production, immune complexes appear to be the active form of the immunogens. Antibody/antigen ratios that resulted in maximal anti-IgG antibody responses were the same as those required for peak in vitro immunoprecipitation, i.e., equivalence. Previous exposure of the mice to the exogenously supplied antigen was not required for the response. The response to immune complexes is specific because mice immunized with IgG2a-containing complexes produced autoanti-IgG2a, while mice immunized with IgG1-containing complexes produced anti-IgG1 with little reactivity to other IgG isotypes. IgG2a blocked in its complement-fixing capacity was more effective in eliciting the anti-IgG2a response than native IgG2a, suggesting a possible role for the complement system in modulating the anti-IgG2a response. Induction of rheumatoid factor production by immune complexes could be induced in xid mice but not in nu/nu mice, indicating T lymphocyte dependence of the response. In contrast, the B lymphocyte activator lipopolysaccharide was able to elicit vigorous rheumatoid factor production in both nu/nu and normal mice, demonstrating that nu/nu mice contain B cells capable of making the response. Rheumatoid antibody produced in the immune complex- or LPS-induced responses is Fc specific and has relatively low affinity for IgG that is not bound to antigen.

scholarly journals Characterisation of immune responses to food allergens in mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Dearman ◽  
Ian Kimber
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Preferential Expression ◽  
Novel Foods ◽  
Allergic Sensitisation ◽  
Allergenic Potential ◽  
Allergenic Activity

There is considerable interest in the development and evaluation of approaches for the safety assessment of novel foods, and in particular in methods for characterisation of allergenic potential. One strategy that has found favour is a tiered approach in which the potential of novel proteins to induce allergic sensitisation is assessed based on considerations of stability of the protein in a simulated gastric juice and homology with, or structural similarity to, known allergens. Linked to such an approach may be evaluation of serological identity with proteins known to cause allergic disease. With the aim of supplementing such approaches with a more direct measurement of potential allergenic activity, attempts have been made to characterise the quality of immune responses elicited in BALB/c strain mice. Such evaluations comprise measurement of IgG and IgE antibody production and (to a lesser extent) of induced cytokine expression patterns. Investigations to date suggest that in mice proteins provoke variable immune responses, those with the potential to cause allergic sensitisation stimulating IgE (and IgG) antibody production. In contrast, non-allergenic, but nevertheless immunogenic, proteins are associated with IgG antibody responses in the absence of marked IgE production. Consistent with the selective activation of selective type 2 T lymphocyte responses, exposure of mice to allergenic protein is associated with preferential expression of IL-4, -5, -10 and -13. Collectively these data suggest that characterisation of the nature of immune response induced in mice by proteins may provide a useful adjunct or alternative to current strategies for the assessment of allergenic potential.

scholarly journals Subspecialization of Cxcr5+ T Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 193 (12) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang H. Kim ◽  
Lusijah S. Rott ◽  
Ian Clark-Lewis ◽  
Daniel J. Campbell ◽  
Lijun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
B Cell Differentiation ◽  
Th Cells

The T helper (Th) cell pool is composed of specialized cells with heterogeneous effector functions. Apart from Th1 and 2 cells, CXCR5+ T cells have been suggested to be another type of effector T cell specialized for B cell help. We show here that CXCR5+ T cells are heterogeneous, and we identify subsets of CXCR5+ CD4 T cells that differ in function and microenvironmental localization in secondary lymphoid tissues. CD57+CXCR5 T cells, hereafter termed germinal center Th (GC-Th) cells, are localized only in GCs, lack CCR7, and are highly responsive to the follicular chemokine B lymphocyte chemoattractant but not to the T cell zone EBI1-ligand chemokine. Importantly, GC-Th cells are much more efficient than CD57−CXCR5+ T cells or CXCR5− T cells in inducing antibody production from B cells. Consistent with their function, GC-Th cells produce elevated levels of interleukin 10 upon stimulation which, with other cytokines and costimulatory molecules, may help confer their B cell helper activity. Our results demonstrate that CXCR5+ T cells are functionally heterogeneous and that the GC-Th cells, a small subset of CXCR5+ T cells, are the key helpers for B cell differentiation and antibody production in lymphoid tissues.

Eosinophilia inAscaris suum-reinfected mice

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Sugane
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Peak Number ◽  
Blood Eosinophils ◽  
Egg Antigen

ABSTRACTThe secondary response of eosinophilia has been studied in mice infected withA. suum. In mice infected orally with 1000A. suumeggs, larvae disappeared from the body within two weeks after infection. The number of peripheral blood eosinophils decreased to the pre-infection level within eight weeks. A typical secondary response of IgG antibody production to egg antigen was found after reinfection with 1000 eggs. The number of peripheral blood eosinophils increased more rapidly after reinfection than after the primary infection. However, the peak number of eosinophils after reinfection was similar to that after primary infection, and the long-lasting characteristics of eosinophilia after reinfection did not differ from those after primary infection. These results suggest that the secondary response of eosinophilia is characterized by a rapid increase in the number of eosinophils inA. suum-reinfected mice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Red and Green Colored Bell peppers for the Production of Polyclonal IgM and IgG Antibodies in Murine Spleen Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Md Moklesur Rahman Sarker
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Bell Peppers

Immunostimulants are greatly required for the upregulation of immunity to fight against viral and bacterial infections and cancers. Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), eaten as vegetables, are rich sources of vitamin C and E, provitamin A, β-carotene, and numerous phenolic compounds. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-mutagenic and anti-inflammatory properties of Bell peppers were reported. Our research group for the first time reported the immunomodulatory activities of Bell peppers. In this study, we evaluated the antibody production abilities of two different colored Bell peppers (red and green) in the culture of antibody producing splenic B cells of mice. Antibodies and the number of viable cells were determined by an ELISA and MTT assays, respectively. Red Bell pepper Extract (RBPE) at the doses of (0.375, 0.75, 1.5, and 2.25 mg/mL) significantly augmented the production of polyclonal IgM and IgG antibodies in-vitro. The highest amount of IgM antibody production was observed by the dose of 1.5 mg/kg which was 3 times higher than that of the untreated cells. Similarly, RBPE also enhanced the production of IgG antibody in the culture of murine splenic B cells. On the contrary, cultural treatment of murine splenic B cells with Green Bell pepper Extract (GBPE) could not stimulate the B cells, and hence, failed to produce neither IgM nor IgG antibody. Thus the current findings suggest that consumption of Red Bell Pepper extract or its vegetables, not green pepper, may be beneficial to strengthen humoral immune responses. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(1): 45-53, 2021

Interleukin-10 promotes anticollagen antibody production in type I diabetic peripheral B lymphocytes

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Stein ◽  
T. E. Hart ◽  
W. H. Hoffman ◽  
C. L. Hendrix ◽  
C. J. Gustke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Type I
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