scholarly journals Biological characteristics of Сydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Crimea

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Plugatar ◽  
А. К. Sharmagiy* ◽  
E. B. Balykina
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Summer Diapause ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Duration Of Development

Studies in the Crimea have shown that both on the southern coast and in the central foothill region, an adventive pest of plants of the genus Buxus - the boxwood fireweed (Cydalima perspectalis), develops in three generations. Caterpillars of the second - third instars hibernate; their emergence from diapause occurs in early April. The timing and duration of development of each of the three generations of the boxwood firefighter in the conditions of the Crimea were determined, the lifespan of the imago was determined, averaging about two weeks, with some individuals living for more than 20 days. The sex index in adults varies in different generations, depending on the living conditions. Thus, in the central foothill region in the first generation, the ratio of females and males reaches 2: 1, and in the second generation, both the proportion of males and melanistic individuals increases in comparison with typically colored butterflies. In each of the three generations, males emerged from pupae 3-5 days earlier than females. The fertility of melanistic females is higher than that of the typically colored. A spring-summer diapause was observed in caterpillars of II-III instars in the overwintered, first and second generations.

Australia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nijmeh Hajjar
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
David Malouf ◽  
First Generation Immigrants ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Immigrant Narrative ◽  
Arabic And English

This chapter examines the development of the Arab Australian novel since its beginnings, surveying works produced in Arabic and English by three generations of Arab Australian authors. It first considers David Malouf, whose Johnno (1975) marks the beginning of the Arab Australian novel, before turning to first-generation immigrants who introduced the Arabic-language novel in the 1980s and the English-language immigrant novel in the mid-1990s. It then discusses the contribution of the second-generation Arab Australians in the literary field. It shows that the Arab Australian novel is more than just an “immigrant narrative,” or fictional “Arab voices in Diaspora,” and that all Arab Australian novelists, except for Malouf, are preoccupied with the questions of home and identity.

SUMMER DIAPAUSE IN PHYLLONORYCTER BLANCARDELLA (FABR.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE) IN ONTARIO

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Laing ◽  
J.M. Heraty ◽  
J.E. Corrigan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Leaf Miners ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Summer Diapause ◽  
Phyllonorycter Blancardella

AbstractThe life stages of Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.) were monitored in an orchard at Guelph, Ontario in 1981 and 1982 and the results showed discrepancies with the previous concept of a trivoltine species occurring throughout its range in eastern North America. Sleeve cages were used to monitor the development of the second, mid-summer generation of leaf miners in a low-maintenance orchard at Guelph in 1982 and 1984 and 2 commercial orchards at Simcoe, Ontario in 1984. The flight period of the first-generation adults occurred over approximately a 6-week period. From eggs laid early in the flight period, a large proportion of the larvae developed quickly and emerged to give a second-generation adult flight. As the flight period continued, there was an increase in the number of progeny whose development was delayed in the early instars. These larvae did not pupate until late fall and overwintered as pupae. Of the second-generation larvae, about 70–90% at Guelph and 35% at Simcoe had a delayed development (summer diapause) and formed a large proportion of the overwintering population.

scholarly journals Do Diabetes Mellitus Differences Exist within Generations? Three Generations of Moluccans in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Adee Bodewes ◽  
Charles Agyemang ◽  
Anton E. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Health Database

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be more prevalent among migrants compared to their host populations. It is unclear whether DM prevalence differs between generations among migrants. We investigated the differences in DM prevalence among three generations of Moluccans, who have been living for over 65 years in the Netherlands, compared to the Dutch population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of a healthcare insurance database on hospital and medication use (Achmea Health Database) were used. The dataset contained 5394 Moluccans and 52,880 Dutch persons of all ages. DM differences were assessed by means of logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, urbanization, and area socio-economic status. Results: The prevalence of DM was higher in all generations of Moluccans compared to the Dutch. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for DM were significantly higher in total group of Moluccans compared to the Dutch (AOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.42–1.80) and across the first and second generation of Moluccans compared to the Dutch (first generation (1.73, 1.47–2.04) and second generation (1.44, 1.19–1.75). Higher AOR were found for first generation men (1.55, 1.22–1.97) and first (1.90, 1.52–2.37) and second (1.63, 1.24–2.13) generation Moluccan women compared to the Dutch. AOR for the third generation Moluccans was increased to a similar extent (1.51, 0.97–2.34), although not statistical significant. Conclusions: Our findings show higher odds of DM across generations of Moluccans compared to the Dutch. DM prevention strategies for minorities should be targeted at all migrant generations in host countries.

scholarly journals In Search for Canon of Singapore Malay Poetry: Reflection on Nature, Race, Religion and Love

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Hadijah Rahmat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Early Attempt ◽  
The Third ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
British Colonial

This paper discusses selected poems by three generations of Malay writers in Singapore from the first generation poets who received their vernicular education during British colonial period, before Malayan Independence in 1957; to second generation writers who received Malay education when Singapore was part of Malaysia, 1957-1965 who established their poems in 1970s; and the third generation writers who received bilingual education who began to make impacts when Singapore become a Republic in 1980s. These iconic poems embody the easthetic as well as the cultural and political values of Malay society. It is an early attempt to define and search for canon of Singapore Malay poetry. Keywords: literature, canon, poetry, Singapore, culture, identity, values

scholarly journals Towards the fulfilment of three generations of rights: A theological contribution by Koos Vorster

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico N. Koopman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Civil And Political Rights

In this article the theological contribution of Koos Vorster to human rights discourses was discussed. It was shown how he focused upon all three generations rights, namely the first generation civil and political rights, second generation social, economic and cultural rights, and third generation developmental and ecological rights. He appreciates the importance of nurturing citizens and leaders of public and civic virtue and character for the implementation of rights and the creation of a human rights culture. He also gives special attention to the implementation  of  ecological  rights  and  therefore  discussed  various  forms  of  ecocide. Ultimately, Vorster stimulates systematic theological discourses on ecological rights by viewing the implementation of ecological rights as a theological matter. It had to do with the heart of Christian faith.Aangaande die vervulling van drie generasies van regte: ‘n Teologiese bydrae deur Koos Vorster. In hierdie artikel was die teologiese bydrae van Koos Vorster tot menseregte-diskoerse bespreek. Dit dui aan dat hy op al drie generasies van menseregte gefokus het, naamlik eerste generasie burgerlike en politieke regte, tweede generasie sosiale, ekonomiese en kulturele regte en derde generasie ontwikkelings- en ekologiese regte. Hy waardeer die belangrikheid van die vorming van burgers en leiers van burgerlike en openbare deug en karakter vir die implementering van regte en die bou van ‘n menseregtekultuur. Hy het spesiale aandag gegee aan die implementering van ekologiese regte en hy het  derhalwe die verskillende vorme van die vernietiging van die natuurlike omgewing bespreek. Hy stimuleer sistematies-teologiese denke oor ekologiese regte. Hy het die implementering van ekologiese beskou as ‘n  teologiese saak. Dit het met die hart van die Christelike geloof te make gehad.

scholarly journals KERAGAMAN GENETIK TIGA GENERASI IKAN TAMBAKAN (Helostoma temminkii) DALAM PROGRAM DOMESTIKASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Otong Zenal Arifin ◽  
Wahyulia Cahyanti ◽  
Anang Hari Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
As Species ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Rapd Method ◽  
Research Institute

Suatu penelitian untuk melihat keragaman genetik tiga generasi ikan tambakan dalam program domestikasi telah dilakukan di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan, Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik generasi tetua/awal (G0), generasi pertama (G1), dan generasi kedua (G2) dalam program domestikasi ikan tambakan. Pengujian keragaman genetik dilakukan dengan metode PCR-RAPD menggunakan tiga primer, yakni OPA-2, OPA-8, dan OPC-2. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya perbedaan jumlah (7-15) dan ukuran fragmen (200-2.800 bp) yang dihasilkan, dengan frekuensi kemunculan alel berkisar antara 0,00-1,00 dari 31 lokus. Enam fragmen dari OPC-2 (1.400 bp, 1.300 bp, 1.100 bp, 800 bp, 600 bp, 500 bp), lima fragmen dari OPA-2 (1.350 bp, 1.000 bp, 900 bp, 800 bp, 520 bp), dan dua fragmen dari OPA-8 (1.000 bp, 550 bp) merupakan fragmen marka spesifik ikan tambakan pada penelitian ini. Keragaman genetik ikan tambakan antar generasi tergolong rendah, dengan nilai persentase polimorfisme berkisar antara 6,45%-35,48% dan nilai heterozigositas berkisar antara 0,03-0,16. Terjadi penurunan polimorfisme dan heterozigositas dari generasi tetua/awal (G0) ke generasi pertama (G1) dan kembali naik pada generasi kedua (G2). Dalam program domestikasi, nilai efektif induk (Ne) sebaiknya lebih dari 100, dengan nilai laju inbreeding (F) tidak lebih dari 0,005.A study to examine the genetic diversity of three generations of kissing gourami under a domestication program has been conducted at the Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Bogor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the elder generation (G0), first generation (G1), and second generation (G2) of kissing gourami under the domestication program. The genetic diversity examination was conducted through a PCR-RAPD method using three primers, namely OPA-2, OPA-8, and OPC-2. The obtained results indicated a difference in the number (7-15) and size of the fragments (200-2.800 bp) with the frequency of allele occurrence ranged from 0.00 to 1.00 from 31 loci. Six fragments from OPC-2 (1,400 bp; 1,300 bp; 1,100 bp; 800 bp; 600 bp; 500 bp), five fragments from OPA-2 (1,350 bp; 1,000 bp; 900 bp; 800 bp; 520 bp), and two fragments from OPA-8 (1,000 bp; 550 bp) were considered as species-specific markers of kissing gourami. The genetic diversity among the generations of the kissing gourami was low, with the percentage of polymorphism ranged from 6.45% to 35.48% and the value of heterozygosity ranged from 0.03 to 0.16. There was a decrease in polymorphism and heterozygosity values from the elder generation (G0) to the first generation (G1) and increased again but on the second generation (G2). In addition, the effective breeding value (Ne) in a domestication program should be more than 100, and the average of inbreeding value (F) is less than 0.005.

NOTES ON THE BIOLOGY OF THE APPLE RUST MITE, ACULUS SCHLECHTENDALI (PROSTIGMATA: ERIOPHYOIDAE), AND ITS DENSITY ON SEVERAL CULTIVARS OF APPLE IN NOVA SCOTIA

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Aculus Schlechtendali

AbstractThe apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nal.), is active on the apple leaves from late May until early August and passes through three generations as indicated by the peak numbers of eggs. This species overwinters as deutogynes under bud scales and crevices in the bark. During the latter part of May the deutogynes lay eggs that develop into first generation primaries, followed by a second generation the latter part of June. Eggs laid by the second generation primaries produce the overwintering deutogynes. Injury to the leaves, mainly bronzing to the ventral surfaces, becomes noticeable early in July. The numbers of A. schlechtendali varied between cultivars within orchards. The differences were not consistent between orchards.

scholarly journals Risk of Excess and Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain among Hispanic Women: Effects of Immigration Generational Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6452
Author(s):  
Sajeevika S. Daundasekara ◽  
Daniel P. O’Connor ◽  
Jodi Berger Cardoso ◽  
Tracey Ledoux ◽  
Daphne C. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Generational Status ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Three Generations

There is a dearth of information on the risk of inadequate and excess gestational weight gain (GWG) among different generations of Hispanic women in the United States. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand the relationship of GWG and immigration across three generations of Hispanic women. The study was conducted using data from National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79). The study sample included 580 (unweighted count) women (148 first-generation, 117 second-generation, and 315 third-/higher-generation). Sociodemographic and immigration data were extracted from the main NLSY79 survey, and pregnancy data were extracted from the child/young adult survey following the biological children born to women in NLSY79. Covariate adjusted weighted logistic regression models were conducted to assess the risk of inadequate and excess GWG among the groups. Average total GWG was 14.98 kg, 23% had inadequate GWG, and 50% had excess GWG. After controlling for the covariates, there was no difference in the risk of inadequate GWG between the three generations. First-generation women (OR = 0.47, p = 0.039) and third-/higher-generation women (OR = 0.39, p = 0.004) had significantly lower risk of excess GWG compared to second-generation women. It is important to recognize the generational status of Hispanic women as a risk factor for excess GWG.

Long-Term Effects of Methylmercuric Chloride on Three Generations of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis): Toxicity, Accumulation, Distribution, and Elimination

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2726-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. McKim ◽  
G. F. Olson ◽  
G. W. Holcombe ◽  
E. P. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Methylmercuric Chloride ◽  
Toxicant Concentration ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
First And Second Generation

During a 144-wk period three generations of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were continuously exposed to mean water concentrations of methylmercuric chloride (MMC) of 2.93, 0.93, 0.29, 0.09, 0.03, and <0.010 (control) μg Hg/liter. During the first 39 wk the highest concentration (2.93 μg Hg/liter) produced deformities and 88% mortality of first-generation adults. At an MMC concentration of 0.93 μg Hg/liter, second-generation trout developed deformities and all but one female died during the 108-wk exposure. No significant effects on survival, growth, or reproduction of second-generation trout were noted at any of the lower MMC concentrations. No toxic symptoms were observed in the third generation at the three lowest MMC concentrations. The maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) for brook trout exposed to MMC in this water with a hardness of 45 mg/liter (as CaCO3) and a pH of 7.5 fell between 0.93 and 0.29 μg Hg/liter. The mean 96-h LC50 for yearling (200 g) and 20-wk-old (12 g) juvenile brook trout exposed to MMC was 75.0 μg Hg/liter, and the application factor (MATC/96-h LC50) lies between 0.004 and 0.013. The accumulation rate of mercury by eight selected tissues of first-generation trout exposed to MMC was relatively rapid at all MMC concentrations tested. The 2-wk tissue Hg: water Hg concentration factors ranged from 1 × 103 to 12 × 103, depending on the tissue, whereas after 28–38 wk of exposure the maximum tissue Hg: water Hg concentration factors for both first- and second-generation trout ranged from 6.9 × 103 to 6.3 × 104. The blood, spleen, and kidney accumulated mercury most rapidly and contained the highest residues in both first- and second-generation trout followed by liver, gill, brain, gonad, and muscle in order of decreasing mercury residues. There was no significant elimination of mercury from the tissue of first- or second-generation fish, yet a "steady state" (micrograms mercury per gram = constant) was reached in all tissues after 20–28 wk of continuous water exposure. Monomethylmercury made up 90–95% of the total mercury present in muscle, the only tissue analyzed for this compound. Mean muscle residues in first-generation trout, dying after 16–28 wk of exposure to 2.93 μg Hg/liter and in second-generation trout, dying after 64–100 wk of exposure to 0.93 μg Hg/liter, were 23.5 and 9.5 μg Hg/g, respectively.

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