scholarly journals KERAGAMAN GENETIK TIGA GENERASI IKAN TAMBAKAN (Helostoma temminkii) DALAM PROGRAM DOMESTIKASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Otong Zenal Arifin ◽  
Wahyulia Cahyanti ◽  
Anang Hari Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
As Species ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Rapd Method ◽  
Research Institute

Suatu penelitian untuk melihat keragaman genetik tiga generasi ikan tambakan dalam program domestikasi telah dilakukan di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan, Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik generasi tetua/awal (G0), generasi pertama (G1), dan generasi kedua (G2) dalam program domestikasi ikan tambakan. Pengujian keragaman genetik dilakukan dengan metode PCR-RAPD menggunakan tiga primer, yakni OPA-2, OPA-8, dan OPC-2. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya perbedaan jumlah (7-15) dan ukuran fragmen (200-2.800 bp) yang dihasilkan, dengan frekuensi kemunculan alel berkisar antara 0,00-1,00 dari 31 lokus. Enam fragmen dari OPC-2 (1.400 bp, 1.300 bp, 1.100 bp, 800 bp, 600 bp, 500 bp), lima fragmen dari OPA-2 (1.350 bp, 1.000 bp, 900 bp, 800 bp, 520 bp), dan dua fragmen dari OPA-8 (1.000 bp, 550 bp) merupakan fragmen marka spesifik ikan tambakan pada penelitian ini. Keragaman genetik ikan tambakan antar generasi tergolong rendah, dengan nilai persentase polimorfisme berkisar antara 6,45%-35,48% dan nilai heterozigositas berkisar antara 0,03-0,16. Terjadi penurunan polimorfisme dan heterozigositas dari generasi tetua/awal (G0) ke generasi pertama (G1) dan kembali naik pada generasi kedua (G2). Dalam program domestikasi, nilai efektif induk (Ne) sebaiknya lebih dari 100, dengan nilai laju inbreeding (F) tidak lebih dari 0,005.A study to examine the genetic diversity of three generations of kissing gourami under a domestication program has been conducted at the Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Bogor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the elder generation (G0), first generation (G1), and second generation (G2) of kissing gourami under the domestication program. The genetic diversity examination was conducted through a PCR-RAPD method using three primers, namely OPA-2, OPA-8, and OPC-2. The obtained results indicated a difference in the number (7-15) and size of the fragments (200-2.800 bp) with the frequency of allele occurrence ranged from 0.00 to 1.00 from 31 loci. Six fragments from OPC-2 (1,400 bp; 1,300 bp; 1,100 bp; 800 bp; 600 bp; 500 bp), five fragments from OPA-2 (1,350 bp; 1,000 bp; 900 bp; 800 bp; 520 bp), and two fragments from OPA-8 (1,000 bp; 550 bp) were considered as species-specific markers of kissing gourami. The genetic diversity among the generations of the kissing gourami was low, with the percentage of polymorphism ranged from 6.45% to 35.48% and the value of heterozygosity ranged from 0.03 to 0.16. There was a decrease in polymorphism and heterozygosity values from the elder generation (G0) to the first generation (G1) and increased again but on the second generation (G2). In addition, the effective breeding value (Ne) in a domestication program should be more than 100, and the average of inbreeding value (F) is less than 0.005.

scholarly journals Productive and reproductive performances and expected response to selection of second generation of quail varieties conserved at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-634
Author(s):  
Shakila Faruque ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
AKH Fazlul Haque Bhuyian ◽  
Ziaul Faruque Joy ◽  
Md Ataul Goni Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Heritable Trait ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Research Institute

Individual selection is particularly indispensable in selection experiments for body weight in quail. Body weight is highly heritable trait. The study was conducted with the objective to assess the productive and reproductive performance and expected response to selection of second generation (G2) of four quail varieties conserved at Bangladesh livestock Research Institute. At 5th week of age, quails of first generation (G1) were selected on the basis of breeding value according to their 5th week body weight. A total of 1953-day-old chicks were hatched in two batches for producing second generation (G2). Diet containing 24% crude protein and 3000 kcal ME/kg were provided to the birds. The data were analyzed in a CRD factorial arrangement by General Linear Model (GLM) Univariate Procedure in SPSS Computer Program. The highest fertility was observed in White (98.31%) variety and hatchability was in Japanese (97.75%) variety. Differences in chick weight at hatch between White and Brown, Brown and Japanese, Japanese and Black, Black and White were approximately 6.90%, 2.74%, 6.20% and 10.51% respectively. The effect of variety and batch on 5th week body weight was significant (p<0.001) but interaction effect of variety and batch was not significant (p>0.05). Black quail had significantly (?2 = 25.00; p<0.01) higher (17.62%) chick mortality than that of other three varieties. As a result of selection, body weight at 5th weeks of age was expected to improve by 4.34g vs. 6.51g; 1.21g vs. 4.33g, 1.68g vs. 3.77g and 1.02g vs. 2.40g respectively for Japanese, White, Brown and Black males and females quail genotypes. It is therefore can be concluded that the White variety is superior in terms of higher body weight and higher fertility and medium chick mortality among the four quail varieties. In each generation, slight response was obtained for selection.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 631-634

Australia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nijmeh Hajjar
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
David Malouf ◽  
First Generation Immigrants ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Immigrant Narrative ◽  
Arabic And English

This chapter examines the development of the Arab Australian novel since its beginnings, surveying works produced in Arabic and English by three generations of Arab Australian authors. It first considers David Malouf, whose Johnno (1975) marks the beginning of the Arab Australian novel, before turning to first-generation immigrants who introduced the Arabic-language novel in the 1980s and the English-language immigrant novel in the mid-1990s. It then discusses the contribution of the second-generation Arab Australians in the literary field. It shows that the Arab Australian novel is more than just an “immigrant narrative,” or fictional “Arab voices in Diaspora,” and that all Arab Australian novelists, except for Malouf, are preoccupied with the questions of home and identity.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN SEX ATTRACTANT TRAP CATCHES OF SCOTOGRAMMA TRIFOLII (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN RELATION TO ITS BIOLOGY IN MANITOBA

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Ayre ◽  
W. J. Turnock ◽  
D. L. Struble
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Crop Type ◽  
By Catch ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Scotogramma Trifolii

AbstractTests of intertrap variability in catches of moths of the clover cutworm, Scotogramma trifolii (Rottenberg), were conducted by placing two traps baited with an artifical sex attractant at 1 mi (1.6 km) intervals to form a grid covering 25 mi2 (64 km2) near Domain, Manitoba. The 50 traps (2/location) placed near the intersects of the grid were baited with a blend of Z-11-hexadecen-1-yl acetate and Z-11-hexadecen-1-ol. This blend was 98.6% species-specific for S. trifolii. Moth catches varied between traps and flights, but the ranking of the traps by catch was consistent during any given flight period. Up to 35 traps would be required within an area of 64 km2 (1 trap/1.8 km2) to give a population estimate within 20% of the true mean. Temperature influenced both the initiation of the flights and the number of moths caught at any given time, but there were no correlations between flights and precipitation or wind. Crop type influenced catches of S. trifolii only when moth populations were large. The catch of second generation moths averaged 9.8× the catch of first generation moths. The consistency of this relationship indicates that the annual differences in population density are controlled by variations in winter survival. The latter was linked to the induction of diapause which is governed by daylength during the larval development of the second generation.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in the natural population of threatened fruit- bearing plant species Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A.D.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
M. Noor ◽  
U. Nisar ◽  
K.U.K. Muhhamad
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
As Species ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Monotheca Buxifolia ◽  
Species Specific

Monotheca buxifolia is an ethnomedicinally and economically important threatened fruit bearing plant species in Malakand Division Pakistan. The genetic diversity among the 92 various genotypes of Monotheca buxifolia was carried out using sodium dodecyl sulfate poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. A considerable amount of inter districts genetic diversity (66.70%) was observed among the genotypes of M. buxifolia. Protein profiling was conducted on 12% gel electrophoresis. A total of 6 protein bands were observed in M. buxifolia genotypes. SDS-PAGE practice is a convenient scheme for the examination of both genetic diversity and relationship. Particularly, L-4 and L-5 were monomorphic in the inter districts Monotheca buxifolia genotypes and was recognized as species specific. The remaining other loci were polymorphic. In this investigation, the high inter and intra- districts specific diversity was observed demonstrating SDS-PAGE is an authoritative procedure for categorizing the genetically diverse germplasms in M. buxifolia. The findings from this study could be useful in the identification and selection of suitable M. buxifolia genotypes for future conservation programmes. Today, there is still a need to examine the genetic diversity and protect genetic resources, in particular wild species, for possible benefits in plant conservation programmes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever report that addresses genetic variability in M. buxifolia.

scholarly journals Do Diabetes Mellitus Differences Exist within Generations? Three Generations of Moluccans in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Adee Bodewes ◽  
Charles Agyemang ◽  
Anton E. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Health Database

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be more prevalent among migrants compared to their host populations. It is unclear whether DM prevalence differs between generations among migrants. We investigated the differences in DM prevalence among three generations of Moluccans, who have been living for over 65 years in the Netherlands, compared to the Dutch population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of a healthcare insurance database on hospital and medication use (Achmea Health Database) were used. The dataset contained 5394 Moluccans and 52,880 Dutch persons of all ages. DM differences were assessed by means of logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, urbanization, and area socio-economic status. Results: The prevalence of DM was higher in all generations of Moluccans compared to the Dutch. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for DM were significantly higher in total group of Moluccans compared to the Dutch (AOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.42–1.80) and across the first and second generation of Moluccans compared to the Dutch (first generation (1.73, 1.47–2.04) and second generation (1.44, 1.19–1.75). Higher AOR were found for first generation men (1.55, 1.22–1.97) and first (1.90, 1.52–2.37) and second (1.63, 1.24–2.13) generation Moluccan women compared to the Dutch. AOR for the third generation Moluccans was increased to a similar extent (1.51, 0.97–2.34), although not statistical significant. Conclusions: Our findings show higher odds of DM across generations of Moluccans compared to the Dutch. DM prevention strategies for minorities should be targeted at all migrant generations in host countries.

scholarly journals In Search for Canon of Singapore Malay Poetry: Reflection on Nature, Race, Religion and Love

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Hadijah Rahmat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Early Attempt ◽  
The Third ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
British Colonial

This paper discusses selected poems by three generations of Malay writers in Singapore from the first generation poets who received their vernicular education during British colonial period, before Malayan Independence in 1957; to second generation writers who received Malay education when Singapore was part of Malaysia, 1957-1965 who established their poems in 1970s; and the third generation writers who received bilingual education who began to make impacts when Singapore become a Republic in 1980s. These iconic poems embody the easthetic as well as the cultural and political values of Malay society. It is an early attempt to define and search for canon of Singapore Malay poetry. Keywords: literature, canon, poetry, Singapore, culture, identity, values

scholarly journals Towards the fulfilment of three generations of rights: A theological contribution by Koos Vorster

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico N. Koopman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Civil And Political Rights

In this article the theological contribution of Koos Vorster to human rights discourses was discussed. It was shown how he focused upon all three generations rights, namely the first generation civil and political rights, second generation social, economic and cultural rights, and third generation developmental and ecological rights. He appreciates the importance of nurturing citizens and leaders of public and civic virtue and character for the implementation of rights and the creation of a human rights culture. He also gives special attention to the implementation  of  ecological  rights  and  therefore  discussed  various  forms  of  ecocide. Ultimately, Vorster stimulates systematic theological discourses on ecological rights by viewing the implementation of ecological rights as a theological matter. It had to do with the heart of Christian faith.Aangaande die vervulling van drie generasies van regte: ‘n Teologiese bydrae deur Koos Vorster. In hierdie artikel was die teologiese bydrae van Koos Vorster tot menseregte-diskoerse bespreek. Dit dui aan dat hy op al drie generasies van menseregte gefokus het, naamlik eerste generasie burgerlike en politieke regte, tweede generasie sosiale, ekonomiese en kulturele regte en derde generasie ontwikkelings- en ekologiese regte. Hy waardeer die belangrikheid van die vorming van burgers en leiers van burgerlike en openbare deug en karakter vir die implementering van regte en die bou van ‘n menseregtekultuur. Hy het spesiale aandag gegee aan die implementering van ekologiese regte en hy het  derhalwe die verskillende vorme van die vernietiging van die natuurlike omgewing bespreek. Hy stimuleer sistematies-teologiese denke oor ekologiese regte. Hy het die implementering van ekologiese beskou as ‘n  teologiese saak. Dit het met die hart van die Christelike geloof te make gehad.

scholarly journals KERAGAMAN GENOTIPE TIGA GENERASI IKAN RAINBOW KURUMOI (Melanotaenia parva) HASIL DOMESTIKASI BERDASARKAN RAPD; Genotype Diversity in Three Generations of Domesticated Kurumoi Rainbow Fish (Melanotaenia parva) Based on RAPD Method.

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Erma Primanita Hayuningtyas ◽  
Tutik Kadarini
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Genotype Diversity ◽  
Domestication Process ◽  
Papua Barat ◽  
Rapd Method

Ikan rainbow Kurumoi (Melanotaenia parva) adalah ikan endemik Danau Kurumoi, Papua Barat, Indonesia. Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Ikan Hias (BPPBIH), Depok telah berhasil melakukan domestikasi dan menghasilkan beberapa generasi ikan rainbow Kurumoi. Ikan rainbow Kurumoi memijah secara alami, sehingga kemungkinan terjadinya inbreeding tinggi. Oleh karena itu, sangatlah penting untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik ikan rainbow Kurumoi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas genetik dengan mengevaluasi keragaman genotipe tiga generasi ikan rainbow Kurumoi menggunakan metode RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) dengan tiga jenis primer, yaitu: OPA-18, OPZ-5, dan OPZ-13. Setiap generasi diambil 10 ekor ikan secara acak. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa keragaman genotipe ikan generasi pertama (69,25%) relatif lebih rendah (P>0,05) daripada generasi kedua (76,9%) dan ketiga (76,9%). Nilai heterozigositas cenderung meningkat dari generasi ke generasi. Heterozigositas ikan generasi pertama adalah 0,21; generasi kedua sebesar 0,24; dan generasi ketiga sebesar 0,25. Jarak genetik terjauh adalah antara generasi pertama dan generasi ketiga, yaitu sebesar 0,19. Dengan demikian, proses domestikasi yang telah dilakukan tidak menyebabkan penurunan keragaman genotipe ikan rainbow Kurumoi.Kurumoi rainbow fish (Melanotaenia parva) is an endemic species from Kurumoi Lake, West Papua, Indonesia. Research and Development for Ornamental Fish Culture, Depok has successfully domesticated and produce Kurumoi rainbow fish for several generations. This fish is breed naturally, inbreeding probability is highly occure. It is important to evaluate genetic diversity of Kurumoi rainbow fish. Aim of the research was to evaluate genotype diversity at three generations of Kurumoi rainbow fish using RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) method with three primers, namely OPA-18, OPZ-5, and OPZ-13. In the research, 10 fishes were randomly taken from each generation. The research found that genotype diversity of fish first generation (69.25%) was relatively lower (P>0.05) than second (76.9%) and third (76.9%) generations. Heterozygosity value tended to increase by generation to generation. Heterozygosity at first generation was 0.21, 0.24 at second generation and 0.25 at third generation. The highest genetic distance was between the first and third generation (0.19). Thus, the domestication process that has been done does not cause a decrease in genotype diversity of Kurumoi rainbow fish.

NOTES ON THE BIOLOGY OF THE APPLE RUST MITE, ACULUS SCHLECHTENDALI (PROSTIGMATA: ERIOPHYOIDAE), AND ITS DENSITY ON SEVERAL CULTIVARS OF APPLE IN NOVA SCOTIA

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Aculus Schlechtendali

AbstractThe apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nal.), is active on the apple leaves from late May until early August and passes through three generations as indicated by the peak numbers of eggs. This species overwinters as deutogynes under bud scales and crevices in the bark. During the latter part of May the deutogynes lay eggs that develop into first generation primaries, followed by a second generation the latter part of June. Eggs laid by the second generation primaries produce the overwintering deutogynes. Injury to the leaves, mainly bronzing to the ventral surfaces, becomes noticeable early in July. The numbers of A. schlechtendali varied between cultivars within orchards. The differences were not consistent between orchards.

scholarly journals Risk of Excess and Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain among Hispanic Women: Effects of Immigration Generational Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6452
Author(s):  
Sajeevika S. Daundasekara ◽  
Daniel P. O’Connor ◽  
Jodi Berger Cardoso ◽  
Tracey Ledoux ◽  
Daphne C. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Generational Status ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Three Generations

There is a dearth of information on the risk of inadequate and excess gestational weight gain (GWG) among different generations of Hispanic women in the United States. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand the relationship of GWG and immigration across three generations of Hispanic women. The study was conducted using data from National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79). The study sample included 580 (unweighted count) women (148 first-generation, 117 second-generation, and 315 third-/higher-generation). Sociodemographic and immigration data were extracted from the main NLSY79 survey, and pregnancy data were extracted from the child/young adult survey following the biological children born to women in NLSY79. Covariate adjusted weighted logistic regression models were conducted to assess the risk of inadequate and excess GWG among the groups. Average total GWG was 14.98 kg, 23% had inadequate GWG, and 50% had excess GWG. After controlling for the covariates, there was no difference in the risk of inadequate GWG between the three generations. First-generation women (OR = 0.47, p = 0.039) and third-/higher-generation women (OR = 0.39, p = 0.004) had significantly lower risk of excess GWG compared to second-generation women. It is important to recognize the generational status of Hispanic women as a risk factor for excess GWG.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document