scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION OF BONE TISSUE ON ITS REGENERATOR POTENTIAL IN TOTAL ARTROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
O. Liutko ◽  
L. Panchenko ◽  
S. Gerasimenko ◽  
M. Polulyakh ◽  
A. Babko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Stromal Fibroblasts ◽  
Osteogenic Activity ◽  
Total Arthroplasty ◽  
Total Endoprosthesis

Relevance. Total arthroplasty of large joints in patients with RA in some cases lead to the development of infectious postoperative complications. Treatment of patients with systemic inflammatory pathology of the connective tissue - the process is long and has certain features. Among others, we were interested in the persistence of an autoimmune inflammatory process and associated pathologies, including osteopenia or osteoporosis. Therefore, research into the effects of microbial contamination on bone repair processes is relevant. Objective. To identify correlation relationships between bone regenerative potential and microbial factor in identical biopsies of surgical material from RA patients with primary total endoprosthesis (PTE) and to determine their effect on surgical results Materials and methods. The data of microbiological researches of operative material after 151 surgical interventions from 118 patients with RA about PTE of joints (337 samples), executed according to the operating methods, are analyzed. 280 bone marrow specimens were examined and 400 cultures of bone marrow stromal fibroblasts were grown from these patients. Results. Microorganisms in the culture from surgical material were isolated in 55.4% of RA patients with knee and hip joints PTE. The nature of the microflora was determined: these are staphylococci, streptococci, Corynebacterium spp., Anaerobic non-spore-forming, gram-negative microorganisms. There is a strong (almost functional) linear inverse correlation (coefficient r = ─ 0.98) between osteogenic activity of bone marrow stromal bone marrow cells and data from microbiological studies of surgical material in patients with RA. Contamination of bone spongiosis by microorganisms is likely to reduce the activity of colony-forming units of bone marrow fibroblasts by an average of 81.0% in the depression, by 53.0% in the femoral head and by 64.8% in the intervertebral area. Microbial contamination inhibits osteogenic potential by an average of 30.4%, or almost 2 times, revealing one of the mechanisms of occurrence of probable complications and directing measures for their prevention (changes in postoperative antibiotic therapy). Conclusion. The higher the contamination with microorganisms, the lower the osteogenic activity of bone marrow stromal cells of bones forming the knee and hip joints in RA patients.

scholarly journals Bone Marrow-Derived CD44+Cells Migrate to Tissue-Engineered Constructs via SDF-1/CXCR4-JNK Pathway and Aid Bone Repair

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanzhu Lu ◽  
Junchao Xing ◽  
Xiaolong Yin ◽  
Xiaobo Zhu ◽  
Aijun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Jnk Pathway

Background and Aims.Host-derived cells play crucial roles in the regeneration process of tissue-engineered constructs (TECs) during the treatment of large segmental bone defects (LSBDs). However, their identity, source, and cell recruitment mechanisms remain elusive.Methods.A complex model was created using mice by combining methods of GFP+bone marrow transplantation (GFP-BMT), parabiosis (GFP+-BMT and wild-type mice), and femoral LSBD, followed by implantation of TECs or DBM scaffolds. Postoperatively, the migration of host BM cells was detected by animal imaging and immunofluorescent staining. Bone repair was evaluated by micro-CT. Signaling pathway repressors including AMD3100 and SP600125 associated with the migration of BM CD44+cells were further investigated.In vitro, transwell migration and western-blotting assays were performed to verify the related signaling pathway.In vivo, the importance of the SDF-1/CXCR4-JNK pathway was validated by ELISA, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), immunofluorescent staining, and RT-PCR.Results.First, we found that host cells recruited to facilitate TEC-mediated bone repair were derived from bone marrow and most of them express CD44, indicating the significance of CD44 in the migration of bone marrow cells towards donor MSCs. Then, the predominant roles of SDF-1/CXCR4 and downstream JNK in the migration of BM CD44+cells towards TECs were demonstrated.Conclusion.Together, we demonstrated that during bone repair promoted by TECs, BM-derived CD44+cells were essential and their migration towards TECs could be regulated by the SDF-1/CXCR4-JNK signaling pathway.

Biodistribution of LV-TSTA Transduced Rat Bone Marrow Cells Used for “Ex-vivo” Regional Gene Therapy for Bone Repair

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhang Alaee ◽  
Cynthia Bartholomae ◽  
Osamu Sugiyama ◽  
Mandeep Virk ◽  
Hicham Drissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Regional Gene ◽  
Rat Bone ◽  
Marrow Cells

Osteogenic potential of long-term diploid cultures of bone marrow cells

1970 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1052-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
�. D. Miskarova ◽  
K. S. Lalykina ◽  
I. N. Kokorin ◽  
A. Ya. Fridenshtein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Marrow Cells

scholarly journals Vitamin K stimulates osteoblastogenesis and inhibits osteoclastogenesis in human bone marrow cell culture

2003 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Koshihara ◽  
K Hoshi ◽  
R Okawara ◽  
H Ishibashi ◽  
S Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Bone Marrow Culture ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Marrow Cells

Accumulating evidence indicates that menaquinone-4 (MK-4), a vitamin K(2) with four isoprene units, inhibits osteoclastogenesis in murine bone marrow culture, but the reason for this inhibition is not yet clear, especially in human bone marrow culture. To clarify the inhibitory mechanism, we investigated the differentiation of colony-forming-unit fibroblasts (CFU-Fs) and osteoclasts in human bone marrow culture, to learn whether the enhancement of the differentiation of CFU-Fs from progenitor cells might relate to inhibition of osteoclast formation. Human bone marrow cells were grown in alpha-minimal essential medium with horse serum in the presence of MK-4 until adherent cells formed colonies (CFU-Fs). Colonies that stained positive for alkaline phosphatase activity (CFU-F/ALP(+)) were considered to have osteogenic potential. MK-4 stimulated the number of CFU-F/ALP(+) colonies in the presence or absence of dexamethasone. The stimulation was also seen in vitamin K(1) treatment. These cells had the ability to mineralize in the presence of alpha-glycerophosphate. In contrast, both MK-4 and vitamin K(1) inhibited 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-induced osteoclast formation and increased stromal cell formation in human bone marrow culture. These stromal cells expressed ALP and Cbfa1. Moreover, both types of vitamin K treatment decreased the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand/osteoclast differentiation factor (RANKL/ODF) and enhanced the expression of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast inhibitory factor (OPG/OCIF) in the stromal cells. The effective concentrations were 1.0 microM and 10 microM for the expression of RANKL/ODF and OPG/OCIF respectively. Vitamin K might stimulate osteoblastogenesis in bone marrow cells, regulating osteoclastogenesis through the expression of RANKL/ODF more than through that of OPG/OCIF.

scholarly journals Tumor-associated fibroblasts predominantly come from local and not circulating precursors

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (27) ◽  
pp. 7551-7556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainhoa Arina ◽  
Christian Idel ◽  
Elizabeth M. Hyjek ◽  
Maria-Luisa Alegre ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Type I ◽  
Reporter Protein ◽  
Stromal Fibroblasts ◽  
Fluorescent Reporter ◽  
Transplantable Tumors

Fibroblasts are common cell types in cancer stroma and lay down collagen required for survival and growth of cancer cells. Although some cancer therapy strategies target tumor fibroblasts, their origin remains controversial. Multiple publications suggest circulating mesenchymal precursors as a source of tumor-associated fibroblasts. However, we show by three independent approaches that tumor fibroblasts derive primarily from local, sessile precursors. First, transplantable tumors developing in a mouse expressing green fluorescent reporter protein (EGFP) under control of the type I collagen (Col-I) promoter (COL-EGFP) had green stroma, whereas we could not find COL-EGFP+ cells in tumors developing in the parabiotic partner lacking the fluorescent reporter. Lack of incorporation of COL-EGFP+ cells from the circulation into tumors was confirmed in parabiotic pairs of COL-EGFP mice and transgenic mice developing autochthonous intestinal adenomas. Second, transplantable tumors developing in chimeric mice reconstituted with bone marrow cells from COL-EGFP mice very rarely showed stromal fibroblasts expressing EGFP. Finally, cancer cells injected under full-thickness COL-EGFP skin grafts transplanted in nonreporter mice developed into tumors containing green stromal cells. Using multicolor in vivo confocal microscopy, we found that Col-I–expressing fibroblasts constituted approximately one-third of the stromal mass and formed a continuous sheet wrapping the tumor vessels. In summary, tumors form their fibroblastic stroma predominantly from precursors present in the local tumor microenvironment, whereas the contribution of bone marrow-derived circulating precursors is rare.

scholarly journals Does the Harvesting Site Influence the Osteogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Thi Nguyen ◽  
Irene Tessaro ◽  
Antonio Marmotti ◽  
Camilla Sirtori ◽  
Giuseppe M. Peretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Bone Stock ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
Replacement Procedure ◽  
Multipotent Cells

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) represents one of the commonest surgical procedures in the orthopedic field. Osteointegration of the implant with native bone is essential for an optimal result; thus, the quality of the patient’s bone surrounding the implant (i.e., the bone stock) is crucial. However, in some cases, the bone stock is insufficient and needs to be improved with autologous grafts rich in multipotent cells (i.e., from the iliac crest, from the head of the femur, or from the subchondral bone harvested from the acetabulum) or allogenic frozen bone. It is not known if the harvesting site may influence the osteogenic potential of these cells. Thus, our aim was to characterize and compare multipotent cells collected from the bone marrow, acetabular subchondral bone, and trabecular bone on the femoral head with a focus on osteogenic differentiation. The cells from three sources had a fibroblast-like phenotype and expressed surface antigens CD73, CD90, and CD105 and are negative to CD11b, CD34, and CD45. Although all these cells could be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes, they displayed different differentiation potentials. In osteogenic differentiation condition, the cells from the acetabulum had the lowest accumulation of calcium deposit while the cells originated from the bone marrow and femur created a considerably increased amount of the deposit. These findings were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In chondrogenic and adipogenic conditions, bone marrow cells possessed a predominant differential capacity compared with the others, illustrated by high collagen type II expression together with a cartilage-like lacuna structure and the presence of fat-specific markers, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study comparing and demonstrating that the progenitor cells obtained from diverse surgical sites in hip replacement procedure share common characteristics of MSC but differ about plasticity and may provide rational for clinical application in cell therapy and bone grafting. The project number L1033 is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03369457.

scholarly journals Certain biological properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue of FVB/N mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
A. Rodnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Tissue Origin

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) are used for cell therapy of lesions of various genesis. The most widely used MMSCs are from two tissue sources: bone marrow and adipose tissue.The purpose of the work was to conduct a comparative assessment of the biological properties of murine bone marrow-derived and adipose tissue-derived MMSCs.Methods. The culture of MMSCs was obtained from the bone marrow and adipose tissue of 6 months-old male FVB/N mice according to standard protocols. We performed phenotyping, directed osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, analysis of immunomodulatory properties in vitro of obtained cell cultures.Results. The cultured MMSCs from bone marrow and adipose tissue express the typical stromal markers (CD44, CD73, CD90 and Sca-1). A distinctive feature of bone marrow cells cultures of the 2nd passage was the high level of the hematopoietic markers CD45 and CD117 expression. MMSCs from both tissue sources are capable of differentiation in the osteogenic and adipogenic directions. At the same time, there were differences in the differentiation in the osteogenic direction – adipose tissue-derived MMSCs had a lower osteogenic potential. MMSCs exhibit inhibitory effect on mitogen-induced proliferation of splenocytes in vitro, expression of which does not depend on tissue origin of the MMSCs with significant inhibition of mitogen-induced proliferation of splenocytes at addition of high doses of MMSCs.Conclusions. MMSCs of bone marrow and adipose tissue express a similar level of surface markers that are characteristic of cells with multipotent properties. They are capable to differentiating in osteo- and adipogenic direction with differences in the degree of mineralization of the extracellular matrix and exhibit immunomodulatory effects in vitro, regardless of tissue origin.

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