scholarly journals Chondroitin sulfate: treatment tactics in osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
A.V. Alabut ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Medial Condyle ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Keywords Osteoarthritis ◽  
Dynamic Function ◽  
Meta Analyses

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common among all musculoskeletal disorders, becoming the main cause of chronic pain, impaired static and dynamic function and disability among the elderly, and represents the main burden for public health worldwide. Modern pharmacological treatment methods of OA are focused on reducing the disease symptoms and the pain syndrome intensity. One method in this direction is the use of symptom-modifying slow-acting drugs, which have shown promising positive effects on pain and other OA symptoms. The article presents an overview of the main experimental and clinical studies, and meta-analyses devoted to the evaluation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) efficacy and safety as one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of OA. Some studies are devoted to the assessment of structural changes in articular cartilage during CS and placebo therapy, while others focus on the dynamics of pain syndrome and the degree of functional insufficiency, and on the assessment of the incidence and time of delayed knee replacement. The place of CS in the structure of EULAR and ESCEO recommendations is considered. KEYWORDS: osteoarthritis, chondroitin sulfate, symptom-modifying slow-acting drugs, medial condyle, articular cartilage thickness, articular replacement. FOR CITATION: Alabut A.V. Chondroitin sulfate: treatment tactics in osteoarthritis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(2):102–106. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-2-102-106.

scholarly journals Post-operative rehabilitation and nutrition in osteoarthritis

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Musumeci ◽  
Ali Mobasheri ◽  
Francesca Maria Trovato ◽  
Marta Anna Szychlinska ◽  
Rosa Imbesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Synovial Joint ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Keywords Osteoarthritis ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercise

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative process involving the progressive loss of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation and structural changes in subchondral bone that lead to loss of synovial joint structural features and functionality of articular cartilage. OA represents one of the most common causes of physical disability in the world. Different OA treatments are usually considered in relation to the stage of the disease. In the early stages, it is possible to recommend physical activity programs that can maintain joint health and keep the patient mobile, as recommended by OA Research Society International (OARSI) and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR). In the most severe and advanced cases of OA, surgical intervention is necessary. After, in early postoperative stages, it is essential to include a rehabilitation exercise program in order to restore the full function of the involved joint. Physical therapy is crucial for the success of any surgical procedure and can promote recovery of muscle strength, range of motion, coordinated walking, proprioception and mitigate joint pain. Furthermore, after discharge from the hospital, patients should continue the rehabilitation exercise program at home associated to an appropriate diet. In this review, we analyze manuscripts from the most recent literature and provide a balanced and comprehensive overview of the latest developments on the effect of physical exercise on postoperative rehabilitation in OA. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords ‘osteoarthritis’, ‘rehabilitation’, ‘exercise’ and ‘nutrition’. The available data suggest that physical exercise is an effective, economical and accessible to everyone practice, and it is one of the most important components of postoperative rehabilitation for OA.

scholarly journals Post-operative rehabilitation and nutrition in osteoarthritis

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Musumeci ◽  
Ali Mobasheri ◽  
Francesca Maria Trovato ◽  
Marta Anna Szychlinska ◽  
Rosa Imbesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Synovial Joint ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Keywords Osteoarthritis ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercise

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative process involving the progressive loss of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation and structural changes in subchondral bone that lead to loss of synovial joint structural features and functionality of articular cartilage. OA represents one of the most common causes of physical disability in the world. Different OA treatments are usually considered in relation to the stage of the disease. In the early stages, it is possible to recommend physical activity programs that can maintain joint health and keep the patient mobile, as recommended by OA Research Society International (OARSI) and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR). In the most severe and advanced cases of OA, surgical intervention is necessary. After, in early postoperative stages, it is essential to include a rehabilitation exercise program in order to restore the full function of the involved joint. Physical therapy is crucial for the success of any surgical procedure and can promote recovery of muscle strength, range of motion, coordinated walking, proprioception and mitigate joint pain. Furthermore, after discharge from the hospital, patients should continue the rehabilitation exercise program at home associated to an appropriate diet. In this review, we analyze manuscripts from the most recent literature and provide a balanced and comprehensive overview of the latest developments on the effect of physical exercise on postoperative rehabilitation in OA. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords ‘osteoarthritis’, ‘rehabilitation’, ‘exercise’ and ‘nutrition’. The available data suggest that physical exercise is an effective, economical and accessible to everyone practice, and it is one of the most important components of postoperative rehabilitation for OA.

scholarly journals Chondroitin sulfate injection efficacy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
S.A. Lapshina ◽  
◽  
G.F. Mingaleeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Standard Regimen ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Keywords Osteoarthritis

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of two-month therapy with chondroitin sulfate (CS) (Mucosat®) injections in patients with osteoarthritis and the drug potential in terms of structure-modifying action. Patients and Methods: an open prospective study with participation of 30 patients (mean age 52.5±11.7 years) with osteoarthritis, grade 2 gonarthrosis according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification, and severe pain syndrome (more than 50 points according to VAS) was conducted. 76.7% of subjects had concomitant pathology. The drug was prescribed according to the standard regimen with a course of up to 25–30 injections. The examination included a clinical assessment of indicators of joint syndrome, life quality, joint function using WOMAC, Lekken, KOOS, EQ-5D scales, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and C-reactive protein (CRP), ultrasound of the knee joints. Results: after a two-month treatment course with Mucosat®, there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in pain intensity by 1.8 times, the number of tender and swollen joints by 2 or more times, an improvement in indicators of functional activity and life quality of patients. Reactive synovitis of the knee joints, which was present at the beginning of the study in 53.3% of cases, was preserved clinically and according to ultrasound data only in 17% of subjects by the end of treatment. There was a tendency to decrease the levels of CRP and COMP. Ultrasound of the knee joints showed a significant (p=0.000) increase in the average thickness of articular cartilage from 1.55±0.26 mm initially to 1.67±0.27 mm after 2 months of treatment. More significant positive dynamics during therapy was observed in patients without arterial hypertension. In general, no adverse events were registered during treatment. Conclusion: in clinical practice, the use of the CS injections in patients with gonarthrosis is safe and effective. The tendency to decrease the cartilage degradation and increase its thickness suggests a positive effect of CS in the form of slowing the disease progression in the long-term period. KEYWORDS: osteoarthritis, cartilage degradation, synovitis, chondroitin sulfate, bioavailability, structure-modifying effect, Mucosat. FOR CITATION: Lapshina S.A., Mingaleeva G.F. Chondroitin sulfate injection efficacy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(5):301–306 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-5-301-306.

scholarly journals Post-operative rehabilitation in osteoarthritis

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Musumeci ◽  
Ali Mobasheri ◽  
Marta Anna Szychlinska ◽  
Rosa Imbesi ◽  
Paola Castrogiovanni
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Synovial Joint ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Keywords Osteoarthritis ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercise

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative process involving the progressive loss of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation and structural changes to the subchondral bone that lead to loss of synovial joint structural features and impaired functionality of the articular cartilage. OA represents one of the most common causes of physical disability in the world. Different OA treatments are usually considered in relation to the stage of the disease. However, in the earlier stages of the disease, it is possible to recommend physical activity programs that can maintain joint health and keep the patient mobile, as recommended by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR). In the most severe and advanced cases of OA, surgical intervention is necessary. In early post-operative stages, it is essential to include rehabilitation exercise program therapies in order to restore the full function of the involved joint. Physical therapy is crucial for the success of any surgical procedure and can promote recovery of muscle strength, range of motion, coordinated walking, proprioception and mitigate joint pain. After discharge from the hospital, patients should continue the rehabilitation exercise program at home. In this review, we analyze articles from the most recent literature and provide a balanced and comprehensive overview of the latest discoveries in relation to the effects of physical exercise on post-operative rehabilitation in OA. The literature search was conducted in April 2014 using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using the keywords ‘osteoarthritis’, ‘rehabilitation’ and ‘exercise’, in a range of period 2002/2014 and out of 100 papers we have chosen 48 that we considered more appropriate. The available data suggests that physical exercise is effective, economical and accessible to everyone, and is one of the most important components of post-operative rehabilitation for OA.

Effects of a Group Program to Increase Cognitive Performance Through Cognitively Stimulating Leisure Activities in Healthy Older Subjects

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Tesky ◽  
Christian Thiel ◽  
Winfried Banzer ◽  
Johannes Pantel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Older Subjects

To investigate the effects of leisure activities on cognitive performance of healthy older subjects, an innovative intervention program was developed. Frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities (i.e., reading, playing chess, or playing music) is associated with reduced risk of dementia. AKTIVA (active cognitive stimulation – prevention in the elderly) is an intervention program designed to enhance cognitive stimulation in everyday life by increasing cognitive stimulating leisure activities. The present study determines the effects of AKTIVA on cognitive function, mood and attitude toward aging in a sample of older participants from the general population. Several measurement instruments were used including the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog), the Trail-Making Test (TMT), and the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). Initially, the sample consisted of 307 older persons (170 female, 72 ± 7 years). The intervention was evaluated with a randomized, controlled pre-post follow-up design. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: AKTIVA intervention (n = 126), AKTIVA intervention plus nutrition and exercise counseling (n = 84), no-intervention control group (n = 97). The AKTIVA intervention consisted of 8 weekly sessions and two booster sessions after a break of 4 months. Participation in the group program resulted in positive effects on cognitive function and attitude toward aging for subassembly groups. Older persons (≥ 75 years) showed enhanced speed of information processing (by TMT Version A) (F = 4.17*, p < .05); younger participants (< 75 years) showed an improvement in subjective memory decline (by MAC-Q) (F = 2.55*, p < .05). Additionally, AKTIVA enhanced the frequency of activities for leisure activities for subassembly groups. The results of this study suggest that the AKTIVA program can be used to increase cognitively stimulating leisure activities in the elderly. Further research is necessary to identify the long-term effects of this intervention particularly with respect to the prevention of dementia.

Application of mobile health to support the elderly during the COVID-19 outbreak: A systematic literature review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Fehresti ◽  
Elham Monaghesh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mental Health Consultation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Positive Effects

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 outbreak has affected the elderly's physical and mental health. The application of information and communication technology, such as mobile health (m-health), can play a significant role in combating this pandemic by changing the behavior and lifestyle of the elderly during this time of crisis. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to synthesize m-health capabilities in providing health services to the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify the factors associated with the success of these tools. METHODS To find the relevant studies, a search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were: studies in English that used m-health intervention in all aspects of elderly healthcare during the COVID-19 outbreak, published in peer-reviewed journals from 31 December 2019, and had any research design and methodology. Two authors independently took all the steps of this review, and finally performed narrative synthesis to report the findings. RESULTS Our initial search identified 421 studies, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. The data analysis showed that all the m-health interventions had positive effects on the health of the elderly. The m-health services for the elderly during the current pandemic were used for therapy, information provision, self-help, monitoring, and mental health consultation purposes. The results also indicated that various factors affected the elderly's use of m-health tools. CONCLUSIONS The application of m-health keeps the elderly and healthcare providers safe, accelerates health service provision, reduces the costs of service delivery, and decreases the risk of morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak. The successful use of m-health tools for the elderly in health programs during the current crisis greatly depends on supporting the elderly and overcoming the barriers.

scholarly journals Genetic Deletion of Interleukin-15 Is Not Associated with Major Structural Changes Following Experimental Post-Traumatic Knee Osteoarthritis in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7118
Author(s):  
Ermina Hadzic ◽  
Garth Blackler ◽  
Holly Dupuis ◽  
Stephen James Renaud ◽  
Christopher Thomas Appleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Interleukin 15 ◽  
Joint Trauma ◽  
Surgically Induced

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is a degenerative joint disease, leading to articular cartilage breakdown, osteophyte formation, and synovitis, caused by an initial joint trauma. Pro-inflammatory cytokines increase catabolic activity and may perpetuate inflammation following joint trauma. Interleukin-15 (IL-15), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is increased in OA patients, although its roles in PTOA pathophysiology are not well characterized. Here, we utilized Il15 deficient rats to examine the role of IL-15 in PTOA pathogenesis in an injury-induced model. OA was surgically induced in Il15 deficient Holtzman Sprague-Dawley rats and control wild-type rats to compare PTOA progression. Semi-quantitative scoring of the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, osteophyte size, and synovium was performed by two blinded observers. There was no significant difference between Il15 deficient rats and wild-type rats following PTOA-induction across articular cartilage damage, subchondral bone damage, and osteophyte scoring. Similarly, synovitis scoring across six parameters found no significant difference between genetic variants. Overall, IL-15 does not appear to play a key role in the development of structural changes in this surgically-induced rat model of PTOA.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin A Supplementation on Immune Responses and Correlation with Clinical Outcomes

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Villamor ◽  
Wafaie W. Fawzi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Severe Diarrhea ◽  
Positive Effects

SUMMARY Vitamin A supplementation to preschool children is known to decrease the risks of mortality and morbidity from some forms of diarrhea, measles, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and malaria. These effects are likely to be the result of the actions of vitamin A on immunity. Some of the immunomodulatory mechanisms of vitamin A have been described in clinical trials and can be correlated with clinical outcomes of supplementation. The effects on morbidity from measles are related to enhanced antibody production and lymphocyte proliferation. Benefits for severe diarrhea could be attributable to the functions of vitamin A in sustaining the integrity of mucosal epithelia in the gut, whereas positive effects among HIV-infected children could also be related to increased T-cell lymphopoiesis. There is no conclusive evidence for a direct effect of vitamin A supplementation on cytokine production or lymphocyte activation. Under certain circumstances, vitamin A supplementation to infants has the potential to improve the antibody response to some vaccines, including tetanus and diphtheria toxoids and measles. There is limited research on the effects of vitamin A supplementation to adults and the elderly on their immune function; currently available data provide no consistent evidence for beneficial effects. Additional studies with these age groups are needed.

Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Interventions for Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110432
Author(s):  
Areum Han
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective: Mindfulness- and acceptance-based intervention (MABI) is an emerging evidenced-based practice, but no systematic review incorporating meta-analyses for MABIs in stroke survivors has been conducted. The objective of this systematic review was to measure the effectiveness of MABIs on outcomes in people with stroke. Method: Three electronic databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, were searched to identify relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. Data were extracted and combined in a meta-analysis with a random-effect model to compute the size of the intervention effect. Results: A total of 11 studies met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses found a small-to-moderate effect of MABIs on depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.12, 0.66]) and a large effect on mental fatigue (SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = [0.57, 1.87]). No statistically significant effect of MABIs on anxiety, quality of life, and mindfulness was found, but there was a trend in favor of MABIs overall. Conclusions: This meta-analysis found positive effects of MABIs on depressive symptoms and mental fatigue in stroke survivors, but future high-quality studies are needed to guarantee treatment effects of MABIs on varied outcomes in stroke survivors.

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