scholarly journals Fatherhood is as Important as Motherhood

1970 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lebanese American University
Keyword(s):  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year

Egypt is involved in a dialogue on the concepts of childhood and motherhood while fatherhood remains neglected. The dialogue proposes that a working mother should be given a maternity leave with full salary for one year or a full leave with half salary for a number of years in order to raise the family.

EVERYDAY PRACTICE OF MOTHERS IN A PROVINCIAL SOVIET CITY IN THE 1950–60S

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Irina V. Bogdashina
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Real ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Diffi Cult ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right

The article reveals the measures undertaken by the Soviet state during the “thaw” in the fi eld of reproductive behaviour, the protection of motherhood and childhood. Compilations, manuals and magazines intended for women were the most important regulators of behaviour, determining acceptable norms and rules. Materials from sources of personal origin and oral history make it possible to clearly demonstrate the real feelings of women. The study of women’s everyday and daily life in the aspect related to pregnancy planning, bearing and raising children will allow us to compare the real situation and the course of implementation of tasks in the fi eld of maternal and child health. The demographic surge in the conditions of the economy reviving after the war, the lack of preschool institutions, as well as the low material wealth of most families, forced women to adapt to the situation. In the conditions of combining the roles of mother, wife and female worker, women entrusted themselves with almost overwork, which affected the health and well-being of the family. The procedure for legalising abortion gave women not only the right to decide the issue of motherhood themselves, but also made open the already necessary, but harmful to health, habitual way of birth control. Maternal care in diffi cult material and housing conditions became the concern of women and the older generation, who helped young women to combine the role of a working mother, which the country’s leadership confi dently assigned to women.

Explaining New Patterns in Family Leave Policies in Latin America: Competing Visions and Facilitating Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Marisa Hawley ◽  
Matthew E. Carnes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Family Leave ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Paternity Leave ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
The Family ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Family Leave Policies

ABSTRACTRecent years have seen the rapid passage and modification of family leave policies in Latin America, a surprising trend, given the region’s historically conservative gender norms. This article argues that the rise of new paternity leave policies—as well as the modifications to longer-standing maternity leave policies—reflects contending visions of gender and the family, mediated by the institutions and actors that populate the region’s political landscape. Using an original dataset of family policy measures, this article finds that the factors facilitating the adoption of new, vanguard policies, such as paternity leave, function in ways different from those that shape the expansion of longer-standing policies, including maternity leave.

Attitudes of Psychiatric Ex-Patients toward a Study of Community Adjustment

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Helen Michaux ◽  
William W. Michaux ◽  
Eugenie K. Esser ◽  
Barbara A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Study Participation ◽  
Community Adjustment ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year ◽  
Research Demands

Questionnaires were presented to 73 psychiatric ex-patients to determine their retrospective attitudes toward participation in a one-year study of post-hospital adjustment. More than 50% of Ss reported that research contacts had been helpful in one or more specific respects. Attitudes toward research demands were predominantly neutral. Patients who completed 6 or more monthly interview-test sessions ( N = 53) differed from those who completed 5 or less ( N = 20) in finding research contacts more helpful, questions easier to answer and enlightening vs confusing, and study participation conducive to cohesion vs disruption in the family. Dropouts appeared to have in common wishes to deny mental illness and to forget hospitalization.

Experience in the examination of children on the pediatric ward

1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
T. M. Shigabutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year

There are 840 children registered at the pediatric area, including 66 children under one year of age and 140 "unorganized" children. In the course of the clinical examination, the health status of children was studied according to the data of preventive examinations, as well as materials of the district therapist on the health status of the family.

The scantness of the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on executive directors’ remuneration in small listed companies: evidence from Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-949
Author(s):  
Husna Siraji Nyambia ◽  
Hamdino Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Executive Remuneration ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

Purpose This study extensively aims to investigate the effects of different aspects of corporate governance (CG) mechanism, including board size, executive directors’ shareholdings, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) duality, a family member as the CEO and/or chairperson of the board, independent directors in remuneration committee and number of board meeting, on executive directors’ remuneration in small firms listed on Bursa Malaysia (BM). Design/methodology/approach The sample of this study consists of 173 bottom-listed companies from Bursa Malaysia in Year 2010. The Year 2010 was chosen because the disclosure of remuneration committee activities and directors’ pay structure is required under the revised Malaysia Code of Corporate Governance, 2007. Furthermore, the period selected is after the global economic crisis (2008), which may have an effect on the remuneration structure in small firms. The ordinary least squares regression was used to estimate the relationship between remuneration as dependent variable and other independent variables. Findings A finding from this study reveals that there is a significant positive relationship between executive ownership and executive remuneration, and between board size and executive remuneration. The results provide evidence that the family members manipulate power and control remuneration in small firms. This indicates that the independent directors are not truly independent to monitor and control the firm activities, including minimizing the excessive remuneration. Research limitations/implications This study examines how the corporate governance (CG) affects remuneration among 173 small firms in Malaysia based on market capitalization, for one year, 2010. Hence, the results may not be generalizable to other periods or types of the companies. This shows the possibility of the absence of some additional variables in the research model and hence a limitation to the findings of the study. Although the study is being parsimonious in the choice of relevant variables, prior literature serves the guide in the selection of the used variables. This therefore gives room for future research using the potential omitted variables. Furthermore, the study focuses on total remuneration, such as fees, salaries, bonuses and benefits in kind, which makes aggregate directors’ remuneration. However, this study did not consider the remuneration related to stock options. Finally, this study only uses secondary data; hence, it could be interesting to use other instruments to collect data like a questionnaire to add more weight to the research. This study only uses one-year data; therefore, impact of changes between years cannot be analysed. Originality/value Results of the study provide evidence that the family members manipulate power and control remuneration in small firms. They reduce the effectiveness of non-executive directors because most of them are appointed by a family member and not socially responsible to their stakeholders.

Mating success of alternative male phenotypes and evidence for frequency-dependent selection in Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1933-1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry A. Berejikian ◽  
Donald M. Van Doornik ◽  
Rob C. Endicott ◽  
Timothy L. Hoffnagle ◽  
Eugene P. Tezak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Success ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Frequency Dependent Selection ◽  
Male Density ◽  
The Family ◽  
Breeding Groups ◽  
One Year

As with other species, frequency-dependent selection during reproduction has long been proposed as an important mechanism in maintaining alternative male reproductive phenotypes in Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.). Jack salmon mature one year earlier than the youngest females in a population and are much smaller than older “adult” males. We tested the hypothesis that mating success of both phenotypes is consistent with the frequency-dependent selection model. By holding male density constant and varying the frequency of adults and jacks in eight separate breeding groups, we found that adult male access to females, participation in spawning events, and adult-to-fry reproductive success increased with their decreasing frequency in a breeding group. Jacks exhibited the same pattern (increasing success with decreasing frequency), although the relationships were not as strong as for adults. Overall, jack and adult males mated with a similar number of females, but jacks sired only 20% of all offspring. Observational data suggested that adult males benefited from sperm precedence associated with their ability to court females and enter the nest first at the time of spawning. Our work provides the first experimental evidence of frequency-dependent selection during mating in the family Salmonidae.

scholarly journals Knowledge of man about breastfeeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sâmia Jamylle Santos de Azevedo ◽  
Flávia Andrea Pereira Soares dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Evelin Nascimento Kluczynik Vieira ◽  
Larissa Soares Mariz ◽  
Aylla Nauanna da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Male Participation ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy ◽  
One Year

The male participation in the process of breastfeeding needs to be encouraged as it can contribute significantly to the prevention of early weaning. In this sense, this research aimed to identify a parent's knowledge about breastfeeding. This is an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, performed in the Family Health Strategy in Bom Jesus, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interview with the guiding question: what is your understanding of breastfeeding? The population was 15 men with aged over 18 years old and preserved mental faculties, who lived with his wife and the child under one year of age and performed development and growth consultations in the Family Health Strategy. The interviews were conducted in place previously defined parent. The information was organized as content analysis Bardin, giving rise to two categories and analyzed according to the symbolic interacionism. It was observed that parents of participating antenatal clinics have more knowledge about it and recognize the benefits of breastfeeding in this way can encourage their wives in order to exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Pathogenic Approaches To The Treatment Of Patients With Acute Pneumonia Progressing With Bronchial Obstruction

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Khaidarova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Vegetative Nervous System ◽  
Differential Therapy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Acute Pneumonia ◽  
One Year ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
Vegetative Status

At the analysis of clinical efficiency of differential therapy inthe  patients  with  AP  with  BO  the  type  vegetative  nervous system is defined. In the patients with hypersympathicotonic VR  (group  II)  and  asympathycotonic  VR  (III  group).during differential treatment there was noted reduction in duration of dyspnea, pulmonary cyanosis,  moist pulmonary rales . In  the  patients  with  AP  with  BO  alongside  with  changes biochemical, immune and vegetative status there was found wrong  attitude    of  the  family  to  the  child,  and  also the psychological behavioral deviations in the child as increasd anxiety,  aggression;  on  a  background  of  complex  therapywere  performed  psychological  correctional  methods  oftreatment:  musictherapy,  psychogymnastics,  gameexercises. At  catamnestic  observation  within  one  year  of  40  childrenwho  have  received  on  a  background  of  other  methods  of treatment psychocorrection, repeated bronchial obstructionwas  observed  only  at  15  %  observable  children.  In  control group  already  through  3  months  45  %  of  children  have addressed  with  repeated  episodes  BO  at  pneumonia  and

scholarly journals Increasing Water Intake of Children and Parents in the Family Setting: A Randomized, Controlled Intervention Using Installation Theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (Suppl. 3) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadi Lahlou ◽  
Sabine Boesen-Mariani ◽  
Bradley Franks ◽  
Isabelle Guelinckx
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year ◽  
Family Setting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Consumption Habits

On average, children and adults in developed countries consume too little water, which can lead to negative health consequences. In a one-year longitudinal field experiment in Poland, we compared the impact of three home-based interventions on helping children and their parents/caregivers to develop sustainable increased plain water consumption habits. Fluid consumption of 334 children and their caregivers were recorded over one year using an online specific fluid dietary record. They were initially randomly allocated to one of the three following conditions: Control, Information (child and carer received information on the health benefits of water), or Placement (in addition to information, free small bottles of still water for a limited time period were delivered at home). After three months, half of the non-controls were randomly assigned to Community (child and caregiver engaged in an online community forum providing support on water consumption). All conditions significantly increased the water consumption of children (by 21.9-56.7%) and of adults (by 22-89%). Placement + Community generated the largest effects. Community enhanced the impact of Placement for children and parents, as well as the impact of Information for parents but not children. The results suggest that the family setting offers considerable scope for successful installation of interventions encouraging children and caregivers to develop healthier consumption habits, in mutually reinforcing ways. Combining information, affordances, and social influence gives the best, and most sustainable, results.

scholarly journals An Epidemic of Primary Tuberculosis in a Canadian Aboriginal Community

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel W Mah ◽  
Elizabeth Anne Fanning
Keyword(s):  
Positive Skin ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Primary Tuberculosis ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Source Case ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Isoniazid Prophylaxis

In 1987, an outbreak of primary tuberculosis occurred in a Canadian aboriginal community of 350 people. The source case was a young woman who had been symptomatic for four months with smear positive cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. Her 17 siblings and their families were frequent close contacts. Among the 626 persons surveyed in the community and environs, 35 additional active cases of tuberculosis were identified. The mean age of cases was 13 years and the median age 10 years. The method of diagnosis was bacteriological in 20 and radiological in 16. There were 257 positive tuberculin reactors of whom 120 had no previous record of a positive skin test. Isoniazid prophylaxis was recommended to all new reactors, close household contacts, reactors under the age of 35 years and reactors with lung scars. One late case was identified at one year of follow-up in a contact who had refused prophylaxis. The rates of infection and disease were higher in the family (65% and 46%, respectively) than in the community and environs (19% and 5.6%, respectively). This report illustrates the nature of a point source epidemic of primary tuberculosis in a susceptible community with a predictable reservoir of infection. The delay in diagnosis of the source case allowed numerous new infections to occur. However, prompt aggressive contact follow-up was successful in containing the epidemic. To prevent future outbreaks, the reservoir of infected persons must be identified and administered chemoprophylaxis.

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