scholarly journals Nature and manifestations of Ukrainian religious plurality

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-116
Author(s):  
Anatolii Kolodnyi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Religious Plurality ◽  
State Educational ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

The article reveals the nature and manifestations of Ukrainian religious pluralism. Despite the constant interest in the topic - the plurality of religious life in Ukraine, science has not yet clarified the causes and roots of this phenomenon. The author analyzes the historical, psychological, socio-political factors that caused the religious diversity of Ukraine. The presence of many religious traditions within one ethnic and state territory promotes tolerant relations between bearers of different religious beliefs. Ukraine's religious plurality distinguishes Ukrainians from other nations. This gives grounds to consider Ukraine a unique religious phenomenon of the European level (Casanova). Religious plurality is a condition for the establishment of the principles of freedom of religion, freedom of choice. The author derives worldview plurality and polydenominationalism in Ukraine from the history of the Ukrainian people, looking for their origins in the pre-Christian and later early Christian era. The presence of heresy in Ukraine as a generalized form of coexistence of different worldviews explains the current richness of religious traditions, their syncretization. The article makes an intermediate conclusion that the history itself, living conditions, national character of the people formed Ukraine denominationally plural. Based on such a historical foundation, since gaining state independence in 1991, Ukraine has been self-determined in its priorities regarding the country's spiritual / religious development. The Law “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations” adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine created a legal basis for the equal existence and development of different religions in Ukraine. The plurality of Ukrainian society is enshrined in law. The basic principles of the plurality of religious life are confirmed by specific digital data that illustrate the richness of religious traditions in Ukraine quantitatively and qualitatively. The author provides statistics on all religions and denominations that exist in Ukraine, giving the number of communities, monasteries, schools, priests, publications and more. Detailed information seeks to form a holistic picture of the religious life of Ukraine. The analyzed data give grounds to single out the factors that determine the religious plurality of Ukraine. According to the author, at the beginning of the XXI century the denominational network of Ukraine has largely already formed. The mass emergence of new religious movements is unlikely. Nevertheless, Ukraine has not yet exhausted all the possibilities of religious pluralism. It can grow not only due to the emergence of some exotic, technological, syncretic religions, but also because of intra-confessional division or unity of communities. In Ukraine, there are structures (public, scientific, state, educational, and interreligious) that cultivate interreligious tolerance, which will ensure a high level of religious freedom. However, religious pluralism in Ukraine is periodically threatened by various circumstances - internal and external, general and local, collective and personal. In conclusion, religious pluralism is determined as a guarantor of religious freedom, the right of everyone to profess his chosen system of spiritual values.

scholarly journals KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA DALAM ISLAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Tri Yuliana Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Personal Beliefs ◽  
Religious Plurality

Every human being is free to choose a religion according to his religious experience and in accordance with his personal beliefs. Freedom of religion also includes the situation conducive for people to choose religion (according to his) and to his religion without restriction and coercion from any party. The challenges of today's religious life in contrast to the issue of religious freedom and the fact of religious plurality. Religious pluralism urged all religions to think practically how to get along with other religious and theological interpret the meaning of the presence of religion and belief.

The Place of Religious Freedom in the Structure of Peacebuilding

2015 ◽  
pp. 280-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Cole Durham ◽  
Elizabeth A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
The Right

This chapter analyzes the role that the fundamental right to freedom of religion or belief plays in ending or averting religious warfare, and in providing necessary footings for crystallizing peace out of conflict. After stressing that there is a tendency to lay exaggerated blame for many conflicts on religion, the chapter explores the Lockean insight that under certain circumstances, religious pluralism can serve as a stabilizing factor in society if states protect the right to religious diversity instead of imposing homogeneity. International limitation clauses on the scope of religious liberty play an important filtering role in promoting the positive contributions religion makes to society, while constraining negative religious effects. The analysis argues that secularity, understood as a framework welcoming religious pluralism, rather than secularism, as an ideology advocating secularization as an end in itself, is most conducive to the peacebuilding potential of religious freedom.

scholarly journals DIGNITATIS HUMANAE, THE FUTURE OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND THE GLOBAL COMMOM GOOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Linda Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Dignitatis Humanae ◽  
The Future ◽  
Global And Local

ABSTRACT: Our global and local conversations about human dignity and flourishing are shaped by the irreducible plurality of human experience, including religious experience and our political cultures must have the capacity to facilitate intercultural and interreligious exchange. In this context it is more vital than ever that religious traditions, including Catholicism, are to the fore as we go about the business of building a politics focused on the global common good. From the perspective of Catholicism, the contribution of Dignitatis humanae has yet to be properly realised, not only in respect to respect for religious pluralism, but more especially in respect to ethical pluralism.RESUMO: Nossas conversações locais e globais sobre a dignidade humana e a prosperidade são determinadas pela irredutível pluralidade da experiência humana, inclusive a experiência religiosa e nossas culturas políticas devem ter a capacidade de facilitar os intercâmbios interculturais e interreligiosos. Neste contexto, é mais vital do que nunca que as tradições religiosas, inclusive o Catolicismo, estejam em primeiro plano, pois nosso interesse é a construção de políticas centradas no bem comum. Na perspectiva do Catolicismo, a contribuição de Dignitatis Humanae ainda não se realizou adequadamente, não só no que se refere ao pluralismo religioso, mas especialmente no diz respeito ao pluralismo ético.

scholarly journals Pluralisme Agama dalam Al-Qur’an Telaah atas Penafsiran Farid Esack

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fatih
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Absolute Truth ◽  
Religious Plurality ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
The Right ◽  
Supreme Being

One of the issues that received considerable and dominant attention was the issue of diversity or religious plurality. This issue is a phenomenon that exists in the midst of the diversity of claims of absolute truth (Absolute Truth Claims) between religions that are contradicting one another. Each religion claims to be the truest and all others are heretical. This claim then gave birth to the belief commonly called the "Doctrine of Salvation" that salvation or heaven is the right of followers of certain religions, while adherents of other religions will be harmed and go to hell. In fact, this kind of belief also applies to adherents between sects or alians in the same religion. As is the case between Protestants and Catholics in Christianity, between Mahayana and Hinayana or Theravada in Buddhism, and also between various Islamic groups. This reality has brought pluralism to an increasingly broad and complex discourse. The Koran's recognition of religious pluralism is clear not only from the perspective of accepting other people as a legitimate religious community, but also from the acceptance of their spiritual life and the opportunity for a way of salvation for them. According to Esack, the preservation of the sanctity of these places of worship is not solely intended for the sake of maintaining the integrity of the multi-religious society, but also because God, who is the supreme being for these religions, and who is seen to be above differences in his outward expression, is worshiped in the place. -that place.

John Hick's philosophy of religious pluralism - A Critical Examination

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Janusz Salamon
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Philosophical Debate ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religious Plurality ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The philosophical challenge that religious diversity poses for religious belief has become in recent years the focal point of a very engaging theological and philosophical debate. The debate began in the Christian context and it would be fair to say that its main issue remains the relationship of Christianity to other major religions. Traditionally Christian thinkers faced with the fact of religious plurality have assumed that Christianity is the only way to salvation, and the truth-claims of other religions can be refuted by way of argument. This position is described today as 'exclusivist'. John Hick's name has become synonymous with a radically different approach to the whole issue. Hick argues that all religious traditions make contact with the same Ultimate Reality ('the Real'), each encountering it through a variety of culturally shaped forms of thought and experience, but all offering equally effective paths to 'salvation/liberation'. Hick's pluralistic hypothesis, although very popular in some quarters, appears to many Christian and non-Christian thinkers as highly controversial.

The role of religion in the process of nation-building: from plurality to pluralism

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J.A. Lubbe
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religious Plurality ◽  
Role Of Religion

AbstractThis article argues that religious pluralism, unlike religious plurality, is not a given fact in any society. It constitutes a process in which different religious traditions learn to interact with each other. This process runs parallel to, and in many ways shares the problems and goals of any programme of nation-building. Only where religious pluralism is beginning to emerge will different religions be able to participate actively in the building of a new society. Without relating to each other, different religions will not be able to promote the idea of togetherness and harmony.

IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR NSCLC: THE RIGHT TREATMENT FOR THE RIGHT PERSON

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
Yelena Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Median Response ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality from malignant tumors all over the world. Since most patients at the time of diagnosis already have stage III-IV of the disease, the search for new effective treatment strategies for advanced NSCLC is the most important problem of modern oncology. The results of the study of the anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody pembrolizumab were a real breakthrough in the treatment of NSCLC. In the KEYN0TE-001 study, the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells was validated as a predictive biomarker of the drug's efficiency. Pembrolizumab demonstrated the possibility of achieving long-term objective responses, and a 4-year 0S with all histological types in the subgroup of pre-treated patients with PD-L1 expression> 50% was 24.8% and 15.6% in the PD-L1> 1% group. In a phase 2/3 randomized study KEYN0TE-10 in the 2nd line treatment of NSCLC with PD-L1 expression > 1% pembrolizumab significantly increased life expectancy compared to docetaxel and confirmed the possibility of longterm duration of objective responses, even after cessation of treatment. Then the focus of research shifted to the 1st line of treatment. About 30% of patients with NSCLC have a high level of PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and demonstrate the most impressive response to pembrolizumab therapy. A randomized phase 3 study KEYN0TE-024 compared the effectiveness of pembrolizumab monotherapy with a standard platinum combination in patients with advanced NSCLC with a high level of PD-L1 expression without EGFR mutations or ALK translocation. Compared with the platinum doublet the administration of pembrolizumab significantly increased all estimated parameters, including the median of progression-free survival (mPFS was 10.3 months versus 6 months; HR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.37-0.68, p < 0.001), the objective response rate (ORR 44.8% versus 27.8%), duration of response (in the pembrolizumab arm the median was not reached, in the chemotherapy (CT) group - 6.3 months). Despite the approved crossover, the use of pembrolizumab in the 1st line of treatment more than doubled the life expectancy of NSCLC patients with high PD-L1 expression as compared to CT: the median overall survival (OS) was 30.0 months versus 14.2 months (HR = 0.63, p = 0.002), 1-year OS 70.3% versus 54.8%; 2-year OS - 51.5% versus 34.5%. The remaining population to study were untreated patients with any level of PD-L1 expression. A randomized phase 3 study KEYNOTE-189 evaluated the effectiveness of adding pembrolizumab to the platinum combination in the 1st line treatment of non-squamous NSCLC without EGFR and ALK mutations with any PD-L1 expression. The addition of pembrolizumab to the standard 1st line CT significantly increased all estimated efficacy indicators including OS, PFS and ORR. After a median follow-up of 10.5 months the median OS in the pembrolizumab combination group was not reached and in CT group was 11.3 months. The estimated 12-months survival was 69.2% and 49.4% respectively (HR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.38-0,64; p <0.001). The median PFS was 8.8 months versus 4.9 months, alive 1 year without progression 34.1% and 17.3% of patients respectively (HR = 0.52; p <0.001). The ORR in the group with pembrolizumab reached 47.6% versus 18.9% in CT group, moreover the tumor regressions were much longer. Finally a randomized 3-phase study KEYN0TE-407 evaluated the effectiveness of adding pembrolizumab to 1st-line CT of NSCLC with squamous histology with any PD-L1 expression. As the first analysis showed, the addition of permboli-zumab significantly increased OS of patients with squamous NSCLC, median OS 15.9 months versus 11.3 months in the groups of pembrolizumab + CT and placebo + CT respectively (HR = 0.64; 95% CI 0,49-0.95; p = 0.0006), median PFS 6.4 months and 4.8 months respectively (HR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.450.70; p <0, 0001) and OrR 57.9% versus 38.4%, the median response duration 7.7 months versus 4.8 months. Thus, the convincing advantages of using pembrolizumab in 1st line therapy were demonstrated in 3 randomized phase 3 studies: in monotherapy of NSCLC of any histological subtype with high PD-L1 expression, and in combination with CT in squamous and non-squamous hystologies regardless of the level of PD-L1 expression.

Teaching Interreligious Encounters

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Comparative Theology ◽  
Religiously Affiliated ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Multidisciplinary Group ◽  
And Migration

Teaching Interreligious Encounters is a volume of essays that explores various issues related to practical and theoretical facets of teaching across multiple religious traditions, including comparative theology and theologies of religious pluralism. This volume brings together an international, multireligious, and multidisciplinary group of scholars who address teaching interreligious encounters in a variety of teaching contexts: undergraduate and graduate, divinity schools and seminaries, secular and religiously affiliated, and traditional and online settings. This volume will be a unique and useful resource for those who encounter religious pluralism in their courses, a topic of pressing importance in our age of globalization and migration.

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