Quantum Hall effect and von Klitzing constant

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Semenchinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Quantum Hall Effect ◽  
Current Problem ◽  
International System ◽  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Constant Independent ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Weights And Measures ◽  
System Of Units ◽  
Physical Quantities

The current problem in the field of electrical measurements is considered in connection with the new definitions of SI units of physical quantities adopted by the 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures in November 2018 (France, Versailles), namely, the reproduction of an ohm based on the quantum Hall effect. The reasons for the introduction in 1988 of the Klitzing constant independent of the international system of units and its cancellation in 2018 are explained. The physical foundations of the quantum Hall effect are outlined. The main indirect and direct experiments that led to the creation of an ohm standard based on the quantum Hall effect, including those carried out at VNIIMS in 1982–1986, are analyzed. Using the example of these experiments, the identity of the values of the quantized resistance for samples prepared on the basis of inversion layers in silicon, gallium arsenide and in samples of a fundamentally new substance graphene is shown. Results on the use of graphene to create standards based on the quantum Hall effect for various industries and science based on the latest advances in its production are presented.

scholarly journals Design and development of a coaxial cryogenic probe for precision measurements of the quantum Hall effect in the AC regime

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Martina Marzano ◽  
Ngoc Thanh Mai Tran ◽  
Vincenzo D'Elia ◽  
Danilo Serazio ◽  
Emanuele Enrico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Quantum Hall Effect ◽  
International System ◽  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Precision Measurements ◽  
Multiple Series ◽  
System Of Units ◽  
Electrical Modelling ◽  
Helium Bath ◽  
Cryogenic Probe

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">The quantum Hall effect is the basis for the realisation of the resistance and impedance units in the International System of units since 2019. This paper describes a cryogenic probe that allows to set graphene Hall devices in quantisation conditions in a helium bath (4.2 K) and magnetic fields up to 6 T, to perform precision measurements in the AC regime with impedance bridges. The probe has a full coaxial wiring, isolated from the probe structure, and holds the device in a TO-8 socket. First, characterization experiments are reported on a GaAs device, showing quantisation at 5.5 T. <span>In the AC regime, <em>multiple-series</em> connections will be employed to minimize the residual error, quantified by electrical modelling of the probe</span>.</span></p>

Bye-Bye, IPK!

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
Daniel Rabinovich
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
International System ◽  
Golf Ball ◽  
Weights And Measures ◽  
Units Of Measurement ◽  
International System Of Units ◽  
System Of Units ◽  
Utmost Care ◽  
Physical Quantities

Abstract The International Prototype Kilogram, after 130 years of dutiful service, is finally retiring. The IPK, a golf ball-sized cylinder made of a special platinum-iridium alloy (90:10), was introduced in 1889 at the first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) near Paris to define the unit of mass using an artifact fabricated with the utmost care and precision available at the time. New units were subsequently adopted for other physical quantities such as electric current (the ampere) and temperature (the kelvin), and the increasing need for a more cohesive set of units of measurement led to the implementation of the International System of Units (SI) in 1960.

scholarly journals THERMODYNAMICAL PROPERTIES OF HALL SYSTEMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 297-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMED JELLAL ◽  
YOUSSEF KHEDIF
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Quantum Hall Effect ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Weak Electric Field ◽  
System Of Particles ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Physical Quantities ◽  
Noncommutative Plane

We study quantum Hall effect within the framework of a newly proposed approach, which captures the principal results of some proposals. This can be established by considering a system of particles living on the noncommutative plane in the presence of an electromagnetic field and quantum statistical mechanically investigate its basic features. Solving the eigenvalue equation, we analytically derive the energy levels and the corresponding wavefunctions. These will be used, at low temperature and weak electric field, to determine the thermodynamical potential Ω nc and related physical quantities. Varying Ω nc with respect to the noncommutativity parameter θ, we define a new function that can be interpreted as a Ω nc density. Evaluating the particle number, we show that the Hall conductivity of the system is θ-dependent. This allows us to make contact with the quantum Hall effect by offering different interpretations. We study the high temperature regime and discuss the magnetism of the system. We finally show that at [Formula: see text], the system is sharing some common features with the Laughlin theory.

Dimensions of plane and solid angles and their units in the International System of Units (SI)

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
M. I. Kalinin ◽  
L. K. Isaev ◽  
F. V. Bulygin
Keyword(s):  
Solid Angle ◽  
International System ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Arc Length ◽  
Weights And Measures ◽  
International System Of Units ◽  
System Of Units ◽  
In Series ◽  
Solid Angles

The situation that has developed in the International System of Units (SI) as a result of adopting the recommendation of the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM) in 1980, which proposed to consider plane and solid angles as dimensionless derived quantities, is analyzed. It is shown that the basis for such a solution was a misunderstanding of the mathematical formula relating the arc length of a circle with its radius and corresponding central angle, as well as of the expansions of trigonometric functions in series. From the analysis presented in the article, it follows that a plane angle does not depend on any of the SI quantities and should be assigned to the base quantities, and its unit, the radian, should be added to the base SI units. A solid angle, in this case, turns out to be a derived quantity of a plane angle. Its unit, the steradian, is a coherent derived unit equal to the square radian.

Localization and many-body interactions in the quantum Hall effect determined by polarized optical emission

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 4006-4009 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Goldberg ◽  
D. Heiman ◽  
M. Dahl ◽  
A. Pinczuk ◽  
L. Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Quantum Hall Effect ◽  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Many Body Interactions

Quantum Hall effect in a saddle-point system

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 523-526
Author(s):  
M.V Budantsev ◽  
Z.D Kvon ◽  
A.G Pogosov ◽  
E.B Olshanetskii ◽  
D.K Maude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saddle Point ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Quantum Hall Effect ◽  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Point System ◽  
Saddle Point System
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document