scholarly journals Immunobiotechnological methods for the determination of antibiotics in food

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
A.K. Bulashev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Cis Countries

In veterinary practice, a large list of antibiotics is used as therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents.Some of them are used as stimulators of the growth and productivity of animals.However, non-observance of the rules for the use of antibiotics and / or timing of slaughter or obtaining milk leads to the intake of a residual amount of antibiotics into the human body with food and can cause various pathologies. The article provides an overview of research papers published in peer-reviewed journals from 2015 to the present on the development and improvement of methods for testing milk and meat for antibiotics. Based on the literature review and the results of his own study, the author of the article notes the advantages of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) options over instrumental analytical methods, such as liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. However, due to the complexity of the analysis procedure, ELISA kits are not used in food safety laboratories in the Republic of Kazakhstan and other CIS countries. The article describes the state and prospects for the development of simple rapid tests to determine the maximum residue limit (MRL) for antibiotics in livestock products, based on the use of Lateral Flow Assay (LFA). Such tests, not inferior in their sensitivity to ELISA and surpassing it in cost, could be used not only in laboratory conditions, but also directly by food consumers, which will contribute to reliable protection of public health and the development of animal husbandry.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of analytical methods for the determination of aflatoxins in milk and dairy products (review information)

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
S. Senin ◽  
V. Danchuk ◽  
S. Midyk ◽  
V. Ushkalov ◽  
O. Iakubchak
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The dairy industry of Ukraine is developing dynamically, its needs for the quality of raw materials are growing significantly. Detection of mycotoxins in raw milk is one of the main indicators of its safety. The high degree of toxicity of mycotoxins is a threat to the health of the lactating animal, so a large number of them are excreted in milk. If we talk about ruminants, the vast majority of mycotoxins are utilized by microorganisms of the pancreas, which does not occur in monogastric animals, so the list of mycotoxins in their milk can be much wider than the secretion of mammalian mammals. To date, the maximum permissible levels (MRLs) of mycotoxins in raw milk and dairy products have been established. Thus, a comprehensive determination of the content of mycotoxins in the secretion of the breast has not only technological but also important diagnostic value. Milk sample preparation is the most important step in the determination of mycotoxins and consists of sampling, extraction and purification from impurities. For the extraction of aflatoxins, the method of liquid extraction with acetonitrile or chloroform is used. Purification of extracts is carried out on immunoaffinity columns, cartridges with special sorbents or using certain manufacturers (MycoSep®).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection are used to determine aflatoxin B1 and M1 in raw milk of cows. However, all these methods have a number of disadvantages, namely: long and expensive sample preparation and insufficiently high selectivity. Currently, the complex determination of mycotoxins in various matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) and the use of modified QuEChERS sample preparation is gaining popularity. The advantage of this technique is the combination of faster and cheaper sample preparation of QuEChERS samples with highly selective LC-MS/MS chromatography. Key words: mycotoxins, raw milk, analytical methods, QuEChERS.

scholarly journals High-Performance Liquid Chromatography as a Novel Method for the Determination of α-Defensins in Synovial Fluid for Diagnosis of Orthopedic Infections

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Pavel Melicherčík ◽  
Eva Klapková ◽  
Karel Kotaška ◽  
David Jahoda ◽  
Ivan Landor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Novel Method

The α-defensins (AD) present in synovial fluid have been regarded as constituting the most accurate periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) biomarker. The methods most commonly used for estimating AD as a biomarker are the qualitative Synovasure® PJI tests, based on the technique of lateral flow, and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Here, we propose a novel test based on detecting α-defensins in synovial fluid by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Synovial fluid was collected from 157 patients diagnosed with PJI, infectious arthritis (IA), arthrosis, reactive arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. AD concentrations in the fluid were determined by HPLC, and these same samples were used for additional diagnostic analyses. The results were statistically processed to calculate cutoff concentrations for PJI and IA. HPLC testing showed a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 92% for diagnosis of PJI, and a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 87% for diagnosis of IA. Using HPLC, we detected in synovial fluid a combination of three α-defensins: human neutrophil peptides HNP1, HNP2, and HNP3. All measured AD concentration values shown in this work refer to the sum of these three individual concentrations. Our study shows that the HPLC method meets the conditions for measuring precise concentrations of the sum of AD and can be recommended as part of a diagnostic array for PJI and IA diagnostics. By this method, we have verified that higher levels of AD in synovial fluid can also be seen in rheumatoid illnesses, crystal arthropathies, and reactive arthritis.

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