scholarly journals Relationship of Serum Tau Levels with Cognitive Functions and Factors Affecting The Cognitive Function Decrease in Parkinson's Disease Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-545
Author(s):  
Meldayeni Busra ◽  
Yuliarni Syafrita ◽  
Hendra Permana
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is a non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) which occurs as the disease progresses and affects quality of life. Many efforts have been developed in early detection of cognitive disorders, one of which is the examination of tau protein biomarkers, where the tau protein that undergoes pathological changes to form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) is found in Alzheimer's disease and PD and plays a role in cognitive impairment. However, the role of tau in PD is still controversial. This study aims to assess the relationship between serum tau levels and cognitive function and the factors that affect cognitive function in PD patients. Methods: This cross-sectional design was conducted at the RSUP DR. M Djamil Padang. During the period March to August 2020, 62 research subjects were obtained. Cognitive function examination was carried out by using the MoCA-Ina test and examination of serum tau levels using the Elisa method. The relationship between categorical variables was tested by Chi square and differences in serum tau levels in the group with and without cognitive impairment were tested with the Mann Whitney test, considered statistically significant if the p value <0.05. Results: With Moca Ina examination, it was found that 67.7% of patients had impaired cognitive function. The mean serum tau level was 198.004 ± 162.69 ng / L.There was a significant relationship between education level and degree of disease with cognitive function (p <0.05) and there was no difference in mean serum tau levels between groups with and without cognitive impairment. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between education level and degree of disease with cognitive function and there is no difference in mean serum tau protein levels between the cognitive impaired group and the cognitive normal group.

scholarly journals Relationship of Serum Tau Levels with Cognitive Functions and Factors Affecting The Cognitive Function Decrease in Parkinson's Disease Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-519
Author(s):  
Meldayeni Busra ◽  
Yuliarni Syafrita ◽  
Hendra Permana
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is a non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) which occurs as the disease progresses and affects quality of life. Many efforts have been developed in early detection of cognitive disorders, one of which is the examination of tau protein biomarkers, where the tau protein that undergoes pathological changes to form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) is found in Alzheimer's disease and PD and plays a role in cognitive impairment. However, the role of tau in PD is still controversial. This study aims to assess the relationship between serum tau levels and cognitive function and the factors that affect cognitive function in PD patients. Methods: This cross-sectional design was conducted at the RSUP DR. M Djamil Padang. During the period March to August 2020, 62 research subjects were obtained. Cognitive function examination was carried out by using the MoCA-Ina test and examination of serum tau levels using the Elisa method. The relationship between categorical variables was tested by Chi square and differences in serum tau levels in the group with and without cognitive impairment were tested with the Mann Whitney test, considered statistically significant if the p value <0.05. Results: With Moca Ina examination, it was found that 67.7% of patients had impaired cognitive function. The mean serum tau level was 198.004 ± 162.69 ng / L.There was a significant relationship between education level and degree of disease with cognitive function (p <0.05) and there was no difference in mean serum tau levels between groups with and without cognitive impairment. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between education level and degree of disease with cognitive function and there is no difference in mean serum tau protein levels between the cognitive impaired group and the cognitive normal group.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Hypertension and Cognitive Function Impairment in the Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1440-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endy Juli Anto ◽  
Laura Oktavina Siagian ◽  
Jekson Martiar Siahaan ◽  
Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽  
Sony Eka Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Impaired Cognitive Function ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Degree

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is still a health problem both in developed and developing countries. Hypertension can cause various complications; one of them is cognitive function impairment. AIM: This study aimed to look at the relationship of hypertension with cognitive function. This research can also be useful to help optimise the health of the elderly, maximise quality of life and avoid hypertension as a risk factor for cognitive impairment in the elderly at the Karya Kasih Nursing Homes, Medan from May to June 2018. METHODS: This research was carried out by analytic observational with cross-sectional research approach. In this study, 57 elderly from Karya Kasih Nursing Homes Medan who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated. Assessment of cognitive function used Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Six Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT) and Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMT) instruments. RESULT: This study obtained a significant relationship between the history of hypertension with impaired cognitive function (p = 0.003). The results of the cognitive function examination with MMSE showed that among 57 elderly, 16 people (43.2%) were normal and 21 people (56.8%) had impaired cognitive function in the first degree hypertension group, besides that, 3 people were normal (15%) and 7 people (85%) had impaired cognitive function in the second degree hypertension group (p = 0.031). Based on the result of mild and severe cognitive function impairment, among 12 people (57.1%) and 9 people (42.9%) had a mild and severe cognitive function impairment, respectively, in first-degree hypertension. 3 people (17.6%) and 14 people (82.4%) had a mild and severe cognitive function impairment, respectively, in the second-degree hypertension (p = 0.013). The 6-CIT instrument also showed a significant relationship between the severity of hypertension and impaired cognitive function (p = 0.027), and there was no significant relationship with AMT instruments (p = 0.078). CONCLUSION: There was a relationship between the history or duration and degree of hypertension with cognitive dysfunction in the elderly at the Karya Kasih Nursing Home Medan.

scholarly journals Plasma tau protein and Aβ42 level as markers of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Chojdak-Łukasiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur ◽  
Anna Zimny ◽  
Leszek Noga ◽  
Bogusław Paradowski
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Tau Protein

Lack of Association of Locus Coeruleus Pathology with Orthostatic Hypotension in Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Qiang Tong ◽  
Liam Chen
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Postmortem Brains ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is linked with increased mortality risk among the elderly. Although the locus coeruleus (LC) is the major source of noradrenaline (NA) modulation in the brain, its role in the pathogenesis of OH in PD remains largely elusive. Here we examined 44 well characterized postmortem brains of PD patients and available clinical data to explore the relationship between OH and LC pathology in PD. Our results failed to indicate that the LC pathology as well as the substantia nigra pathology were robustly associated with the presence of OH in PD patients, suggesting targeting LC norepinephrinergic system alone may not be sufficient to treat OH in PD.

scholarly journals Corneal nerve fiber loss relates to cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning-Ning Che ◽  
Qiu-Huan Jiang ◽  
Guan-Xiao Ding ◽  
Si-Yuan Chen ◽  
Zhen-Xiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Nerve

AbstractCognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) adversely influences quality of life. There is currently no available biomarker to predict cognitive decline in PD. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) has been used as a non-invasive tool for quantifying small nerve damage in PD. The present study investigated whether corneal nerve measures were associated with cognitive function in PD. Patients with PD were classified into those with normal cognitive function (PD-CN), mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), and dementia (PDD). Corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD), and corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) were quantified with CCM and compared with a control group. Sixty-five PD patients and thirty controls were studied. CNFD was decreased and CNBD was increased in PD patients compared to controls (P < 0.05). CNBD and CNBD/CNFD ratio was higher in PD-CN compared to controls. CNFD was positively correlated with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score (r = 0.683, P < 0.001), but negatively associated with unified Parkinson disease rating scale (UPDRS)-part III (r = −0.481, P < 0.001) and total UPDRS scores (r = −0.401, P = 0.001) in PD patients. There was no correlation between CNFD and Levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) (r = 0.176, P = 0.161). CNFD, CNBD, CNFL, and CNBD/CNFD ratio was lower with increasing Hoehn and Yahr stage. PD patients show evidence of corneal nerve loss compared with controls and corneal nerve parameters are associated with the severity of cognitive and motor dysfunction in PD. CCM could serve as an objective in vivo ophthalmic imaging technique to assess neurodegeneration in PD.

scholarly journals Computerised cognitive training in Parkinson’s disease: a protocol for a systematic review and updated meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e040656
Author(s):  
Hanna Malmberg Gavelin ◽  
Magdalena Domellöf ◽  
Isabella Leung ◽  
Anna Stigsdotter Neely ◽  
Carsten Finke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Intervention Design ◽  
Design Factors

IntroductionCognitive impairment is recognised as an important non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and there is a need for evidence-based non-pharmacological interventions that may prevent or slow cognitive decline in this patient group. One such intervention is computerised cognitive training (CCT), which has shown efficacious for cognition across older adult populations. This systematic review aims to investigate the efficacy of CCT across cognitive, psychosocial and functional domains for people with PD and examine study and intervention design factors that could moderate CCT effects on cognition.Methods and analysisRandomised controlled trials investigating the effects of CCT in patients with PD without dementia, on cognitive, psychosocial or functional outcomes, will be included. The primary outcome is overall cognitive function. Secondary outcomes are domain-specific cognitive function, psychosocial functioning and functional abilities. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO through 14 May 2020 to identify relevant literature. Risk of bias will be assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Effect sizes will be calculated as standardised mean difference of baseline to postintervention change (Hedges’ g) with 95% CI for each eligible outcome measure. Pooling of outcomes across studies will be conducted using random-effects models, accounting for dependency structure of effect sizes within studies. Heterogeneity will be assessed using τ2 and I2 statistic. Potential moderators, based on key study and intervention design factors, will be investigated using mixed-effects meta-regression models.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required. The findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020185386.

scholarly journals Fibrinogen and Complement Factor H are promising CSF protein biomarker(s) for Parkinson’s disease with cognitive impairment- A Proteomics and ELISA based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Naskar ◽  
Albert Stezin ◽  
Arpitha Dharmappa ◽  
Shantala Hegde ◽  
Mariamma Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Factor H ◽  
Complement Factor H ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Apolipoprotein A

AbstractCognitive impairment is a debilitating non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The diagnosis of PD with cognitive impairment (PDCI) is essentially through clinical and neuropsychological examinations. There is an emerging need to identify biomarker(s) to foresee cognitive decline in PD patients, at an early stage. We performed label-free unbiased nontargeted proteomics (Q-TOF LC/MS-MS) in CSF of non-neurological control (NNC); PDCI; PD and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), followed by targeted ELISA for validation. The diagnosis was confirmed by neuropsychological and MRI assessments prior to CSF collection. Of the 282 proteins identified by mass spectrometry, 42 were differentially altered in PD, PDCI and NPH. Further, 28 proteins were altered in PDCI and 25 in NPH. An interesting overlap of certain proteins was noted both in PDCI and NPH. Five significantly upregulated proteins in PDCI were fibrinogen, gelsolin, complement factor-H, apolipoprotein A-IV and apolipoprotein A-I. Whereas carnosine dipeptidase 1, carboxypeptidase E, dickkpof 3 and secretogranin 3 precursor proteins were down-regulated. NPH also had few uniquely altered proteins viz. insulin-like growth factor-binding protein, ceruloplasmin, α-1 antitrypsin, VGF nerve growth factor, neural cell adhesion molecule L1 like protein. Interestingly, the ELISA-derived protein concentrations correlated well with the neuropsychological scores of certain cognitive domains. Executive function was affected both in PDCI and NPH. In PD, Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) percentile correlated positively with ApoA-IV and negatively with the ratio of ApoAI: ApoA-IV. Thus assessment of a battery of proteins like fibrinogen-α-chain, CFAH and ApoAI: ApoA-IV ratio alongside neuropsychological could be reliable biomarkers to distinguish PDCI and NPH.

scholarly journals Relationships between freezing of gait severity and cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Scholl ◽  
Arturo I. Espinoza ◽  
Matt Leedom ◽  
Lee A. Baugh ◽  
Patti Berg-Poppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Interval Timing ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Timing Task ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mediation Models

Introduction: Freezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most debilitating motor symptoms experienced by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), as it can lead to falls and reduced quality of life. Evidence supports an association between FOG severity and cognitive functioning; however, results are varied. Methods: PD patients with (PDFOG+, n=41) and without FOG (PDFOG-, n=39) and control healthy subjects (n=41) participated in the study. The NIH toolbox cognition battery, Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and interval timing task were used to test cognitive domains. Measurements were compared between groups using multivariable models and adjusting for covariates. Correlation analyses, linear regression, and mediation models were applied to examine relationships among disease duration and severity, FOG severity, and cognitive functioning. Results: Significant differences were observed between controls and PD patients for all cognitive domains. PDFOG+ and PDFOG- exhibited differences in the dimensional change card sort (DCCS) test, interval timing task, and MoCA scores. After adjusting for covariates in two different models, PDFOG+ and PDFOG- differed in both MoCA and DCCS scores. In addition, significant relationships between FOG severity and cognitive function (MoCA, DCCS, and interval timing) were also found. Regression models suggest that FOG severity may be a predictor of cognitive impairment, and mediation models show the effects of cognitive impairment on the relationship between disease severity and FOG severity. Conclusions: Overall, this study provides insight into the relationship between cognitive and gait impairments in patients with PD, which could aid in the development of therapeutic interventions to manage both.

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