scholarly journals The effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training and crocin consumption on the apoptotic genes expression in the liver tissue of male rats under chronic doxorubicin induction

2020 ◽  
pp. 323-335
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Irreversible Effects ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background and Aim: The use of doxorubicin (Dox) in chemotherapy has irreversible effects on liver tissue. Therefore, the role of exercise activities and the use of antioxidants consumption on the mechanism of apoptosis induced by (Dox are not yet fully understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and crocin consumption on liver tissue apoptosis in male rats under chronic Dox induction. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (mean weight 200±20 g)and age range of 8 weeks divided into five groups including; 1: healthy control groups, 2: Dox (2 mg/kg in 7 doses), 3: Dox+crocin (10 mg/kg), 4: Dox+HIIT, and 5: Dox+HIIT+crocin. The training groups ran for 8 weeks, 5 days a week, at 2-minute intervals and with an intensity of 80 to 90% of the maximum speed. 48 hours after the last training session, liver biopsy were performed to assess the fibrosis and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes by (Real time-PCR) method. The results of statistical analysis were analyzed using by one-way (ANOVA), at p≤0.05. Results: Dox significantly increased Bax expression compared to Bax/Bcl-2 and also decreased Bcl-2 expression in liver tissue of the patient groups (p=0.001). In contrast, crocin and the combination of exercise and crocin decreased Bax expression compared to Bax/Bcl-2 and increased Bcl-2 expression in experimental groups compared to Dox group (p=0.001). Conclusion: It seems the high intensity interval training with consumption of crocin has significant effect on the decrease of apoptosis in liver tissue in male rats subjected to chronic doxorubicin injection.

scholarly journals Comparing the Effect of Two Methods of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and High-Intensity Continuous Training (HICT) on Damage and Antioxidant Indices of Liver in Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghaali Ghasemnian ◽  
Mozhgan Usefpour ◽  
Ahmad Rahmani ◽  
Zeinab Iddehloei
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: Nowadays, one of the widely used training methods is high-intensity interval training (HIIT). In addition, researchers have stated that long-term, high-intensity training is associated with the production of free radicals in the body. Free radicals also damage liver cells, resulting in increased liver enzymes. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of HIIT, compared to high-intensity continuous training (HICT), on damage and antioxidant indices of the liver in male Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty-two adult male rats were randomly divided into three groups of control (n = 6), HIIT (n = 8), and HICT (n = 8). Training protocols included HIIT and HICT on a treadmill for eight weeks (five days in a week). Standard water and food were provided for rats ad libitum. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, blood and tissue samples were collected, and serum enzymes were measured by the methods recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) method. The level of enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase in the liver tissue was measured by Randox Commercial Kit (Cat. No. SD 126). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that eight weeks of HIIT and HICT had no effect on the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (P = 0.14), but eight weeks of HIIT significantly decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level compared to the control group (P = 0.04). The level of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity significantly increased in the HIIT and HICT groups compared to the control group (P = 0.001). HICT also led to a significant increase in the SOD level compared to HIIT (P = 0.03). Conclusions: The research results suggested that eight weeks of HIIT led to a significant reduction in serum AST levels, and HIIT had a lower effect on the increased SOD activity in liver tissue compared to HICT. It might be stated that HIIT is safer than HICT, and it has fewer destructive effects on liver tissue.

scholarly journals The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Herb Supplement on Heart IGF-1 Concentration in Male Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ali Pirani ◽  
Maghsoud Peeri ◽  
Mohamad Ali Azarbayjani
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Objectives: The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of 10 weeks of high intensity interval training and flaxseed oil supplement on heart IGF-1 concentration in male rats. Materials and methods: 20 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into saline, saline–training, supplementation, and supplementation–training groups. The training groups performed training (10 weeks, five sessions per week, 90–95% VO2 max) on a rodent treadmill. The supplementation groups also received flaxseed oil supplement (30 mg/kg). The rats were sacrificed five days after the last training session. The heart tissue was collected, and sent to the laboratory for evaluation. Results: Training increased the concentration of the heart IGF-1 (P=0.01). The concentration of heart IGF-1 was higher in the flaxseed oil-supplemented groups than the saline-treated groups. (P=0.003). The interaction between training and supplementation also led to a increase in heart IGF-1 concentration (P=0.001). Conclusion: The increase of heart IGF-1 after training and consumption suggest that training and flaxseed oil can help to improve cardiac function.

High-intensity interval training has a greater effect on reverse cholesterol transport elements compared with moderate-intensity continuous training in obese male rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 204748731988782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Rahmati-Ahmadabad ◽  
Mohammad-Ali Azarbayjani ◽  
Parvin Farzanegi ◽  
Lida Moradi
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Reverse Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Objectives The present study compares the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT; 18 min) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MIT; 1 h) on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) elements in obese subjects. Methods Thirty adult male rats were induced high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. After four weeks, the rats were randomly divided into three groups while simultaneously continuing the HFD for the remaining eight weeks. Group specificities were HFD–control, HFD–MIT and HFD–HIIT. The rats were sacrificed 48 h after the last training session and the samples were collected. Analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation test were used for the statistical analyses (significance level: p ≤ 0.05). Results The results showed that both HIIT and MIT improved heart ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8, LXR-α and PPARγ gene expression as well as plasma Apo A1, LCAT, lipids and lipoproteins ( p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, higher cardiac ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8 and PPARγ expression and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( p ≤ 0.05) concentrations were found in the HFD–HIIT group compared with the HFD–MIT group. Conclusion HIIT may have more cardioprotective effects than MIT against atherosclerosis, along with saving time, as supported by the changes observed in the main factors involved in the RCT process.

scholarly journals Comparing the Effect of Two Methods of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and High-Intensity Continuous Training (HICT) on Damage and Antioxidant Indices of Liver in Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghaali Ghasemnian ◽  
Mozhgan Usefpour ◽  
Ahmad Rahmani ◽  
Zeinab Iddehloei
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: Nowadays, one of the widely used training methods is high-intensity interval training (HIIT). In addition, researchers have stated that long-term, high-intensity training is associated with the production of free radicals in the body. Free radicals also damage liver cells, resulting in increased liver enzymes. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of HIIT, compared to high-intensity continuous training (HICT), on damage and antioxidant indices of the liver in male Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty-two adult male rats were randomly divided into three groups of control (n = 6), HIIT (n = 8), and HICT (n = 8). Training protocols included HIIT and HICT on a treadmill for eight weeks (five days in a week). Standard water and food were provided for rats ad libitum. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, blood and tissue samples were collected, and serum enzymes were measured by the methods recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) method. The level of enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase in the liver tissue was measured by Randox Commercial Kit (Cat. No. SD 126). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that eight weeks of HIIT and HICT had no effect on the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (P = 0.14), but eight weeks of HIIT significantly decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level compared to the control group (P = 0.04). The level of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity significantly increased in the HIIT and HICT groups compared to the control group (P = 0.001). HICT also led to a significant increase in the SOD level compared to HIIT (P = 0.03). Conclusions: The research results suggested that eight weeks of HIIT led to a significant reduction in serum AST levels, and HIIT had a lower effect on the increased SOD activity in liver tissue compared to HICT. It might be stated that HIIT is safer than HICT, and it has fewer destructive effects on liver tissue.

scholarly journals The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Crocin Consumption on Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptotic Indices in the Muscle Tissue of Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavous Eydivandi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani ◽  
Parvin Farzanegi
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: Apoptosis is one of the main means to remove undesirable cells that occurs in the eucaryotic and even procaryotic organisms. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and crocin consumption on apoptotic factors in the soleus muscle of male rats exposed to doxorubicin. Methods: sixty male rats were selected and divided into five groups: 1) doxorbicin- control, 2) training, 3) crocin, 4) training + crocin, and 5) healthy control. Groups 1 to 4 received 2 mg/kg doxorubicin intraperitoneally; Groups 3 and 4 received daily 10 mg/kg crocin, and groups 2 and 5 received HIIT including high-intensity interval repetitions (80 to 90% of maximum speed) and low-intensity interval repetitions (30 to 40% of maximum speed) at two-minute alternations for eight weeks and for five days each week. Results: Doxorubicin had a significant effect on increasing Bax and caspase-3 and decreasing Bcl-2 (P ≤ 0.05). However, training had a significant effect on reducing Bax and increasing Bcl-2 (P ≤ 0.05). Crocin consumption had a significant effect on decreasing Bax and caspase-3 and increasing Bcl-2 (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, training and crocin consumption had interactive effects on decreasing Bax and increasing Bcl-2 (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: It appears that the combination of HIIT with crocin extract can be used to increase the expression of the Bcl-2 protein gene as an anti-apoptotic factor and decrease the expression of Bax gene as a stimulating factor in the soleus muscle of male rats exposed to doxorubicin.

Effect of Repeated Active Recovery During a High-Intensity Interval-Training Shock Microcycle on Markers of Fatigue

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimo Wiewelhove ◽  
Christian Raeder ◽  
Tim Meyer ◽  
Michael Kellmann ◽  
Mark Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
International Ranking ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Recovery Act

Purpose:To investigate the effect of repeated use of active recovery during a 4-d shock microcycle with 7 high-intensity interval-training (HIT) sessions on markers of fatigue. Methods:Eight elite male junior tennis players (age 15.1 ± 1.4 y) with an international ranking between 59 and 907 (International Tennis Federation) participated in this study. After each training session, they completed 15 min of either moderate jogging (active recovery [ACT]) or passive recovery (PAS) with a crossover design, which was interrupted by a 4-mo washout period. Countermovement-jump (CMJ) height, serum concentration of creatine kinase (CK), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and perceived recovery and stress (Short Recovery and Stress Scale) were measured 24 h before and 24 h after the training program. Results:The HIT shock microcycle induced a large decrease in CMJ performance (ACT: effect size [ES] = –1.39, P < .05; PAS: ES = –1.42, P < .05) and perceived recovery (ACT: ES = –1.79, P < .05; PAS: ES = –2.39, P < .05), as well as a moderate to large increase in CK levels (ACT: ES = 0.76, P > .05; PAS: ES = 0.81, P >.05), DOMS (ACT: ES = 2.02, P < .05; PAS: ES = 2.17, P < .05), and perceived stress (ACT: ES = 1.98, P < .05; PAS: ES = 3.06, P < .05), compared with the values before the intervention. However, no significant recovery intervention × time interactions or meaningful differences in changes were noted in any of the markers between ACT and PAS. Conclusions:Repeated use of individualized ACT, consisting of 15 min of moderate jogging, after finishing each training session during an HIT shock microcycle did not affect exercise-induced fatigue.

scholarly journals High-intensity interval training-induced hypertrophy in gastrocnemius muscle via improved IGF-I/Akt/FoxO and myostatin/Smad signaling pathways in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Biglari ◽  
Alireza Ghardashi Afousi ◽  
Farnoosh Mafi ◽  
Fatemeh Shabkhiz
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Igf I ◽  
High Intensity Interval

AbstractObjectiveIt has been shown that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) leads to skeletal muscle hypertrophy; however, its mechanisms of cellular and molecular regulation are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HIIT on muscle hypertrophy and major signal transduction pathways.Design12 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and HIIT. The exercise group performed 30-min HIIT in each session (5 × 4-min intervals running at 85–95% VO2max separated by 2-min active rest at 55–60% VO2max), 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and the expression of signal transduction pathway proteins were determined in the gastrocnemius muscle.ResultsIn the HIIT group, the expression of IGF-I, IGF-IR Akt, p-Akt, AMPKα, p-AMPKα and follistatin increased significantly, whereas a significant decrease was observed in the expression of FoxO1, p-FoxO1, myostatin, ActRIIB, Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the HIIT and control groups in the expression of mTOR, p-mTOR, P70S6K, and p-P70S6K (P > 0.05). In addition, CSA and gastrocnemius muscle weight increased significantly in the HIIT group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsHIIT induced muscle hypertrophy by improving IGF-I/Akt/FoxO and myostatin/Smad signal transduction pathways.

High-Intensity Interval Training for Improvement of Overhand Throwing Velocity

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaghan E. Maddigan ◽  
David G. Behm ◽  
Glen R. Belfry
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Overhand Throwing ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Experimental Group

Context:High intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve muscle power and endurance, as well as aerobic power.Objective:To assess the effects of HIIT that utilizes resistive elastic bands to improve overhand throwing velocity.Participants:Healthy female volunteers (n = 13) ranging in age from 18–29 years.Interventions:Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group that exercised 3 days per week for 3 weeks. Each training session involved performance of 5 sets of 20 throwing motions against elastic band resistance, which was performed by both extremities.Main Outcome Measures:Maximal oxygen consumption was measured during performance of a graded exercise test that utilized an upper extremity cycle ergometer. A radar gun was used to assess peak throwing velocity and the extent to which throwing velocity was sustained during performance of a 20-throw endurance test.Results:After completing the training, the experimental group exhibited faster peak throwing velocity (61.6 ± 6.6 km/hr to 63.2 ± 8.6 km/hr) and a reduced fatigue index (1.18 ± 0.16 to 1.01 ± 0.02). Training also resulted in a 14% improvement in maximum oxygen consumption (1.40 ± 0.46 L/min to 1.60 ± 0.49 L/ min) and longer time to fatigue (9.99 ± 1.84 min to 11.43 ± 2.29 min).Conclusion:The high-intensity interval training program was effective for improvement of overhand throwing performance.

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