The Age- and Gender-wise Assessment of the Position and Shape of Mental Foramen in Patients’ Panoramic Radiography

Background and Aim: Recognizing the position of the Mental Foramen (MF) is essential in numerous cases, such as anesthesia injection and periapical surgeries in the anterior region of the mandible. Furthermore, the diversity in the location and position of MF can develop problems during surgery in this region. Methods & Materials: The present study examined anatomical landmarks based on panoramic radiographic images obtained in Bandar Abbas City, Iran. In total, 450 panoramic radiographic images of men and women were assessed. All explored images were converted to JPEG format and entered in real size in Auto CAD software (2014). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Student’s t-test, and Chi-squared test. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.HUMS.REC.1394.189). Results: The obtained data revealed that the mean distance from the MF to the lower edge of the mandible on the right and left was 10.53 mm and 10.51 mm, respectively. The mean distance from the MF to the posterior side of the mandible equaled 49.36 mm on the right and 48.72 mm on the left. Moreover, the mean distance of MF to the midline of the lower jaw on the right and left was calculated as 27.16 and 26.27 mm, respectively. Furthermore, in most cases, the anterior-posterior position of MF was symmetrical concerning anatomical landmarks. The anterior-posterior distance of MF to mandibular midline was significantly different between the explored males and females (P<0.001). There was no significant gender-wise difference in the shape of the MF (P=0.89). Conclusion: The present research results signified that the most frequent anterior-posterior position of the MF is between the apex of the first and second premolars. Furthermore, the most prevalent shape of MF is oval per panoramic images.

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ARE AGE AND GENDER EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON THE MORPHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF MENTAL FORAMEN?

Gevher Nesibe Journal, IESDR ◽

10.46648/gnj.208 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 119-126

Author(s):

Güldane MAĞAT ◽

Mine ÇETİN ◽

Sevgi ÖZCAN

Keyword(s):

Mental Foramen ◽

Sensory Innervation ◽

P Value ◽

Mental Nerve ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Gender ◽

The Right

Aim: Foramen mentale is the anatomical formation in which the vein and nerve package feeds and provides sensory innervation to the chin and lower anterior lip area. During implant surgery and osteotomy operations, it is important to know the anatomical morphometric characteristics because of mental nerve damage. This study aims to determine whether mental foramen differ depending on age and gender. Method: 100 patients (50 females-50 males) who applied to neu faculty of dentistry and received kıbt for various reasons between 2020-2021 were included in the study. spss program was used for statistical analysis. a p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean superoinferior diameter of the right and left mental foramen was 3.20 mm and 3.21 mm, respectively. The mean values were 3.12 mm and 3.18 mm for right and left mental foramen, respectively. It was found that the right and left mental foramen are located between the 1st and 2nd premolars. Anteroposterior and superoinferior diameters of the right and left foramen do not differ according to the localization of the mental foramen (p> 0.05). It was found that the parameters except the superoinferior diameter of the right mental foramen did not show a statistically significant difference according to gender (p> 0.05). It was found that the right mental foramen superoinferior diameter of males was statistically higher than females. (p <0.01). It was found that the anterosuperior and superoinferior diameters of the mental foramen did not vary according to age (p> 0.05). Conclusion: According to the result we obtained from this study, it was determined that the superoinferior diameter of the mental foramen was higher in men. This result will guide for those working in the field of anatomy, oral maxillofacial surgeons and oral maxillofacial radiologists.

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Natural variations in the appearance and the positions of the mental foramen in a selected population of Karachi (Pakistan).

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.06.4314 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (06) ◽

pp. 1267-1274

Author(s):

Sara Fatima ◽

Arfa Baig ◽

Aeman Ali

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Axis ◽

Mental Foramen ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Panoramic Radiographs ◽

Panoramic Images ◽

Posterior Position ◽

Anterior Posterior

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the most common appearance, horizontal and vertical positions of the mental foramen (MF), using the panoramic radiographs in a selected population of Karachi (Pakistan). As this is relevant to consider prior to plan any maxillofacial surgical procedures in order to avoid nerve injuries. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Radiology Department of the Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad khan institute of oral health sciences (Dow University of Health Sciences). Period: 25th September to 5th November 2018. Material & Methods: Total 500 panoramic images were assessed. The study was divided in to the two group i.e. male and female adult patients in which the appearance, anterior-posterior positions and the superior-inferior positions of the MF was analyzed on the panoramic radiographs. Results: Total 500 OPG were accessed, the age ranges between 12 years to 73 years, 229 were male, 271 were females, and majority of MF were separated type (n=341, 68.2%) on right side and (n=373, 74.6%) on left side. And the most common superio-inferior position of the MF on both sides were position 2 (below the level of apices of 1st and 2nd premolar) on right side (n=387, 77.4%) and on left side (n=376, 75.2%), and the most common anterio-posterior position of the MF on both the right and left side is position 4 ( M.F lies in the line of 2nd premolars), on right side (n=269, 53.8%) and on left side (n=255, 51%). Conclusion: In this study the “separated type” was the most common type of appearance in both genders and the most frequent superio-inferior position of the MF is below the level of apices of 1st and 2nd premolar on both right and left sides. And the most common anterior-posterior position is within the line of longitudinal axis of 2nd premolar on both sides.

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CBCT Assessment of Mental Foramen Position Relative to Anatomical Landmarks

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2016/5821048 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mahnaz Sheikhi ◽

Mitra Karbasi Kheir

Keyword(s):

Mental Foramen ◽

Anatomical Landmarks ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Edentulous Patients ◽

Inferior Border ◽

The Right ◽

Superior Border

Purpose. This study was carried out on an Iranian population aiming to investigate mental foramen position relative to inferior border of mandible and skeletal midline and its gender and age differences on CBCT projections. Materials and Methods. A number of 180 CBCT images of patients were analyzed in different planes (tangential, cross-sectional, and axial). The distances from the superior border of mental foramen to the inferior border of mandible and from the anterior border of mental foramen to the midline were calculated. Results. The mean distance from mental foramen to the inferior border of mandible in the right side was 13.26 mm (SD ± 2.34) and in the left side was 13.37 mm (SD ± 2.19). There was a statistically significant difference between genders in terms of the distance between mental foramen and inferior border of mandible (P value = 0.000). The mean distances from mental foramen to midline were 25.86 mm (SD ± 0.27) and 25.53 mm (SD ± 0.31) in the right and left sides, respectively. Conclusions. The vertical and horizontal positions of mental foramen can be determined from stable anatomical landmarks such as mandibular inferior border and skeletal midline in both dentulous and edentulous patients. The distance from the superior border of mental foramen to the inferior border of mandible exhibited sexual dimorphism.

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A Comparative study to measure the horizontal condylar guidance obtained by protrusive interocclusal records and panoramic radiographic images in completely edentulous patients

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v14i1.18947 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Arjun Bhandari ◽

Archana Manandhar ◽

Raj Kumar Singh ◽

Pramita Suwal ◽

Prakash Kumar Parajuli

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Horizontal Plane ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Panoramic Radiograph ◽

Articular Eminence ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

The Mean ◽

Edentulous Patients ◽

The Right ◽

Interocclusal Records

Background & Objectives:The study was conducted with objective to compare the horizontal condylar guidance (HCG) obtained by protrusive interocclusal records and panoramic radiographic images in completely edentulous patients.Materials & Methods:The horizontal condylar guidance was measured in 25 completely edentulous patients by protrusive interocclusal records using zinc oxide eugenol paste through a face bow transfer (HanauTM Spring bow, Whip Mix Corporation, USA) to a semi-adjustable articulator (HanauTM Wide-Vue Articulator, Whip Mix Corporation, USA). In the same patients, HCG was traced in the panoramic radiograph. The angles formed by the intersection of two lines: Frankfurt’s horizontal plane and posterior slope of articular eminence was measured using protractor to represent the horizontal condylar guidance angle on each side.Results:The mean difference between the horizontal condylar guidance angles values obtained using protrusive interocclusal record and panoramic radiograph was 2.68 degrees and 3.40 degrees for the right and the left side respectively, with the panoramic radiograph values being higher. This difference between the values was found to be highly significant between the two methods for the right side (t = 2.70, p = 0.012) and left side (t = 3.69, p = 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between the horizontal condylar guidance obtained from protrusive interocclusal record and panoramic radiograph for the right (r = 0.643, p = 0.001) and left sides (r = 0.622, p = 0.001) separately.Conclusion:The panoramic radiographic tracing can be used to calculate the mean horizontal condylar guidance in the completely edentulous patients and these values can be used to programme semi-adjustable articulators avoiding the cumbersome process of obtaining protrusive interocclusal records.

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Gaining Surgical Access for Repositioning the Inferior Alveolar Neurovascular Bundle

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/719243 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Saif Yousif Abdullah Al-Siweedi ◽

P. Nambiar ◽

P. Shanmuhasuntharam ◽

W. C. Ngeow

Keyword(s):

Dental Implant ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Mental Foramen ◽

Predictor Variables ◽

Anatomical Landmarks ◽

Surgical Access ◽

And Gender ◽

Inferior Border ◽

Ethnicity And Gender ◽

Gain Access

This study is aimed at determining anatomical landmarks that can be used to gain access to the inferior alveolar neurovascular (IAN) bundle. Scanned CBCT (i-CAT machine) data of sixty patients and reconstructions performed using the SimPlant dental implant software were reviewed. Outcome variables were the linear distances of the mandibular canal to the inferior border and the buccal cortex of the mandible, measured immediately at the mental foramen (D1) and at 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm (D2–D5) distal to it. Predictor variables were age, ethnicity, and gender of subjects. Apicobasal assessment of the canal reveals that it is curving downward towards the inferior mandibular border until 20 mm (D3) distal to the mental foramen where it then curves upwards, making an elliptic-arc curve. The mandibular canal also forms a buccolingually oriented elliptic arc in relation to the buccal cortex. Variations due to age, ethnicity, and gender were evident and this study provides an accurate anatomic zone for gaining surgical access to the IAN bundle. The findings indicate that the buccal cortex-IAN distance was greatest at D3. Therefore, sites between D2 and D5 can be used as favorable landmarks to access the IAN bundle with the least complications to the patient.

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Baseline Eyeball Biometrics on Computed Tomography in Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.31 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

I T Annongu ◽

H Mohammad ◽

M Chia ◽

K Chaha ◽

G O Magaji

Keyword(s):

Reference Values ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Transverse Diameter ◽

North Central ◽

Eye Size ◽

The Mean ◽

Ct Brain ◽

The Right ◽

Anterior Posterior

Variations in ocular sizes exist in the population and this may be congenital or pathological. Reference values are therefore essential in management of ophthalmic pathologies in the fields of Ophthalmology and Neurology. The aim of the study was to establish computer tomography (CT) scan reference values of ocular sizes in Makurdi, north central Nigeria. To avoid unjustifiable radiation dose, data obtained for this study was on 111 patients referred on account of other medical conditions, to the Radiology department for CT brain scan using Philip Brilliance 16. Measurements were taken at mid-ocular axial slices with maximum anterior-posterior and transverse dimensions. The mean ± 2 SD) ocular sizes in anterior-posterior(AP) and transverse diameter(TD) for both eyes were 22.1mm ± 1.88mm and 22.9mm ± 1.20mm respectively. The right eye was 21.9mm ± 2.33mm and 22.9mm ± 1.09mm and the left eye was 22.3mm ± 1.24mm and 23.0 ± 1.30 mm in both AP and TD respectively. The measurements were slightly higher on the left. The mean ocular measurements were higher in males and were statistically significant in the transverse measurements on both sides (P<0.04). Adult eye size was attained at age group 11-20 years and subsequently at age >70 years, there was slight reduction in ocular dimensions. Established ocular sizes on CT therefore showed that males had slightly larger eyeballs in comparison to females and there was some reduction of ocular sizes with age.

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The Mental Foramen I: Radiographic Study of the Anterior-Posterior Position and Shape in Iraqi Population

International Journal of Morphology ◽

10.4067/s0717-95022015000100024 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 149-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammad H Al-Shayyab ◽

Firas Alsoleihat ◽

Najla S Dar-Odeh ◽

Soukaina Ryalat ◽

Zaid H Baqain

Keyword(s):

Mental Foramen ◽

Radiographic Study ◽

Posterior Position ◽

Anterior Posterior

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Measurement of Iris Thickness at Different Regions in Healthy Chinese Adults

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2021/2653564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Qingchen Li ◽

Yuan Zong ◽

Huiming Wen ◽

Jian Yu ◽

Changbo Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Segment ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Middle Part ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Swept Source ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Healthy Chinese ◽

And Gender ◽

The Right

Purpose. To study the variation of iris thicknesses in different regions and explore the possible correlations with age and gender. Methods. Healthy Chinese adults were recruited; the anterior segment of their eyes was imaged by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). The horizontal scan of the right eye was selected, and the thicknesses of both the nasal and temporal irises were measured at 199 evenly spaced points. Results. A total of 233 subjects with an average age of 36.79 ± 10.04 years (range 19 to 62) were included in the final analysis. The mean iris thicknesses of the temporal and nasal sides were 364.79 ± 47.58 μm and 372.44 ± 43.75 μm, respectively. The mean nasal iris thickness was positively correlated with age (β = 0.9 μm/year; P = 0.002), but the temporal one was not (β = 0.077 μm/year; P = 0.806). At 139 points of the nasal iris and 146 points of the temporal iris, the iris thickness was significantly correlated with age ( P < 0.05). The thicknesses of the peripheral and pupillary parts were positively correlated with age, while the middle part was negatively correlated with age. No significant difference was observed in the mean iris thickness between genders (temporal: t = 1.597, P = 0.112; nasal: t = 1.870, P = 0.063), but females had a thicker iris than males at 50 points in the temporal side and 49 points in the nasal side ( P < 0.05); no point in males was observed to have thicker iris compared to females. Conclusion. Using SS-OCT and the novel method, thicknesses of the iris at different regions were measured. The thicknesses of the peripheral and pupillary irises increase with age, while the thicknesses of the middle part decrease.

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Does Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Affect the Maxillary Sinus Volume?

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/1055665617726991 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 168-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Omer Demirtas ◽

Fahrettin Kalabalik ◽

Asim Dane ◽

Ali Murat Aktan ◽

Ertugrul Ciftci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Control Group ◽

Maxillary Sinus Volume ◽

Intergroup Comparison ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Gender ◽

The Right

Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate and compare the maxillary sinus volume (MSV) of patients with a unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) between the cleft side and noncleft side and between adolescent patients with UCLP and a control (noncleft) group using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 44 UCLP patients (29 males and 15 females, with a mean [SD] age of 13.5 [5.0] years) and 44 (22 males and 22 females, with a mean [SD] age 14.9 [4.2] years) age- and sex-matched controls were evaluated in this study. Each maxillary sinus was assessed 3-dimensionally, segmented, and its volume was calculated. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the age and gender distributions of the groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the MSVs of the cleft (10996.78±3522.89 mm3) versus the noncleft side (10382.3±3416.2 mm3; P < .05)] but no significant difference between the MSVs of the right and left sides ( P > .05). In the intergroup comparison, the mean MSVs of the UCLP patients (10701.52±3369.33 mm3) were significantly smaller than those of the control group (16054.08 ± 5293.96 mm3; P < .001). Conclusions: The MSVs of the UCLP patients showed a statistically significant decrease compared to those of the controls ( P < .001). There was also a significant difference in the MSVs of the cleft and noncleft sides of the UCLP patients ( P < .05).

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Determining the Size of the Mental Foramen: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

International Dental Research ◽

10.5577/intdentres.2017.vol7.no2.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Seda Falakaloglu ◽

Artemisa Veis

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Mental Foramen ◽

Axial Plane ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Coronal Image ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Student’S T ◽

The Right

Aim: Knowledge of the position of the mental foramen is important to prepare strategy when administering regional anesthesia, performing dental surgical procedures, endodontic treatments. Also, it is critical to analyze diameter of mental foramen in sagittal, coronal, and axial images. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the diameter of the MF in different planes from CBCT images. Methodology: This study was designed at Department of Endodontics, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey. One hundred twenty three (67 female, 56 male) CBCT scans that met the study criteria were obtained. All images were obtained from i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA). Data were analyzed using Student’s t-tests and Tukey HSD tests. Results: For the analysis of age, data were divided into four groups: 12–17, 18–29, 30–49, and ≥50 years. The data were also divided into two groups by gender. Axial and coronal image measurements were also divided into right and left. There was a statistical difference compared with females and males (p<0.05). In the coronal plane, the right region showed significant differences in measurements between the groups (p<0.05). In the axial plane, there was no statistically significant difference between them (p>0.05). The differences between the groups in the left region in the axial plane measurements were significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Using CBCT imaging superimposition of anatomical structures can be eliminated. It is important that determine that the size of the mental foramen. This study is a retrospective study using CBCT from patient and find that the size of the mental foramen. How to cite this article: Falakaloglu S, Veis A. Determining the size of the mental foramen: A cone-beam computed tomography study. Int Dent Res 2017;7:20-25.

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