scholarly journals Kejadian Preeklampsia dan Faktor Risiko yang Mempengaruhinya

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Safrudin Tolinggi ◽  
Kasma Mantualangi ◽  
Nuryani Nuryani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Control Study

AbstractOne cause of maternal morbidity and mortality is preeclampsia. The purpose of this research was to determine the risk factors of preeclampsia. The type of research was observational analytic using a case control study to determine risk factors for the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women. The population in this study as many as 1182 people and the sample size of 168 people consisting of case and control samples. Sampling technique was used purposive sampling. Results was showed that analysis unvariate parity 1 and > 3 as many as 62,5%, the distance of pregnancy < 2 years and > 5 years as many as 35,7% and education < 9 years as many as 33,3%. Analysis bivariate with odds ratio values obtained OR = 1.052, with a lower limit value (0.563) and the upper limit (1.965) then parity was significant risk factor on the incidence of preeclampsia. Results of statistical bivariate analysis OR = 2.088, with a lower limit value (1.096) and the upper limit (3.978) then the distance pregnancy was significant risk factor on the incidence of preeclampsia. Results of statistical bivariate analysis odds ratio values obtained OR = 1.239, with a lower limit value (0.652) and the upper limit (2.354) then education was a significant risk factor on the incidence of preeclampsia. The conclusion of this study was the parity, gap of pregnancy and education were the risk factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women.Keywords; age, education, gap of pregnancy, parity, preeclampsiaAbstrakSalah satu penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu adalah preeclampsia. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian preeclampsia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan menggunakan rancangan case control study untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 1182 orang dan jumlah sampel 168 orang yang terdiri dari sampel kasus dan kontrol. Tehnik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis univariat paritas 1 dan > 3 sebanyak 62,5%, jarak kehamilan < 2 tahun dan > 5 tahun sebanyak 35,7% dan pendidikan < 9 tahun sebanyak 33,3%. Analisis bivariat dengan uji odds ratio diperoleh nilai OR=1,052, dengan nilai lower limit (0,563) dan upper limit (1,965) maka paritas merupakan faktor risiko yang bermakna terhadap kejadian preeklampsia. Hasil analisis statistik bivariat dengan uji odds ratio dengan nilai OR=2,088, dengan nilai lower limit (1,096) dan upper limit (3,978) maka jarak kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko yang bermakna terhadap kejadian preeklampsia. Hasil analisis statistik bivariat dengan uji odds ratio diperoleh nilai OR=1,239, dengan nilai lower limit (0,652) dan upper limit (2,354) maka pendidikan merupakan faktor risiko yang bermakna terhadap kejadian preeklampsia. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah paritas, jarak kehamilan dan pendidikan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil.Kata kunci; umur, jarak kehamilan, pendidikan, paritas, preeklmpsia

Abstract 126: Importance of Untreated Hypertension for Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle B Walsh ◽  
Opeolu Adeoye ◽  
Padmini Sekar ◽  
Jennifer Osborne ◽  
Charles J Moomaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Insurance Status ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Untreated Hypertension ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN), particularly untreated HTN, has been found to be a significant risk factor for ICH in predominately white ICH populations. We evaluated the risk of treated and untreated HTN on ICH in a multi-ethnic case-control study. Hypothesis: Treated and untreated HTN confer variable risk for ICH by race/ethnicity. Methods: The Ethnic/Racial Variations of ICH (ERICH) study is a prospective, multicenter, case-control study of ICH among whites, blacks, and Hispanics. Cases were enrolled from 42 recruitment centers using hot-pursuit. Controls matched to cases 1:1 by age (±5 years), sex, race/ethnicity, and metropolitan area were recruited by random-digit dialing. Subjects were interviewed to determine whether they had a history of HTN and if they took medications to reduce blood pressure. Results: Between 9/2010 and 6/2015, 891 white, 833 black, and 599 Hispanic case/control pairs were enrolled. Higher proportions of black and Hispanic ICH with HTN were untreated, compared with whites (43.3% and 48.3% vs. 33.2%; p=.0002 and p<.0001, respectively). When adjusted for medical insurance status, a significant difference persisted for whites vs. Hispanics (p=.002), but not whites vs. blacks (p=.197). In multivariate analyses adjusted for alcohol use, anticoagulation, hypercholesterolemia, education, and insurance status, treated HTN was a significant risk factor for ICH in whites (OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.33-2.22, p<.0001), blacks (3.04, 2.13-4.34, <.0001), and Hispanics (2.57, 1.64-4.00, <.0001). Untreated HTN was a substantially greater risk factor for ICH for all three racial/ethnic groups: whites (9.53, 5.88-15.45, <.0001), blacks (11.10, 7.06-17.47, <.0001), Hispanics (9.65, 5.49-16.95, <.0001). In the subtype analyses of deep, lobar, and infratentorial ICH, untreated HTN resulted in ORs of 3.50 to 24.81, with statistical significance for all subtypes and ethnic groups. Conclusion: Treatment of HTN reduces the risk of ICH conferred by HTN markedly, but not completely. Untreated hypertension, which is significantly more prevalent among black and Hispanic ICH cases than among white cases, confers at least a 9-fold risk of ICH regardless of race. Treatment of hypertension is expected to have substantial impact on risk of ICH.

scholarly journals A case–control study of risk factors for sporadic campylobacter infections in Denmark

2003 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. NEIMANN ◽  
J. ENGBERG ◽  
K. MØLBAK ◽  
H. C. WEGENER
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Control Study

A case control study comprising 282 cases and 319 matched controls was conducted in Denmark during 1996–7. Two estimates of the odds ratio (OR) were determined for each risk factor with and without ‘protective factors’ fitted into the final model. Consumption of undercooked poultry (OR 4·5; 8·2), consumption of red meat at a barbecue (OR 2·3; 4·1), consumption of grapes (OR 1·6; 2·8) and drinking unpasteurized milk (OR 2·3; 11·8) were identified as risk factors in both models. Frequent consumption of pork chops (OR 4·4) and daily contact with domestic animals and pets were identified as risk factors in one of the two models only. Finally, foreign travel was found to be a significant risk factor (OR 2·5). Seasonal and regional interaction was observed for several risk factors and the time elapsed from interviewing of cases to interviewing of controls seemed to influence the effect of certain seasonal dependent risk factors.

Comorbidity and severity-of-illness risk adjustment for hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection using data from the electronic medical record

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Cabral ◽  
Katherine E. Goodman ◽  
Natalia Blanco ◽  
Surbhi Leekha ◽  
Larry S. Magder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Adjustment ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Patient Admissions ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Risk Adjustment Model

Abstract Objective: To determine whether electronically available comorbidities and laboratory values on admission are risk factors for hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI) across multiple institutions and whether they could be used to improve risk adjustment. Patients: All patients at least 18 years of age admitted to 3 hospitals in Maryland between January 1, 2016, and January 1, 2018. Methods: Comorbid conditions were assigned using the Elixhauser comorbidity index. Multivariable log-binomial regression was conducted for each hospital using significant covariates (P < .10) in a bivariate analysis. Standardized infection ratios (SIRs) were computed using current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) risk adjustment methodology and with the addition of Elixhauser score and individual comorbidities. Results: At hospital 1, 314 of 48,057 patient admissions (0.65%) had a HO-CDI; 41 of 8,791 patient admissions (0.47%) at community hospital 2 had a HO-CDI; and 75 of 29,211 patient admissions (0.26%) at community hospital 3 had a HO-CDI. In multivariable regression, Elixhauser score was a significant risk factor for HO-CDI at all hospitals when controlling for age, antibiotic use, and antacid use. Abnormal leukocyte level at hospital admission was a significant risk factor at hospital 1 and hospital 2. When Elixhauser score was included in the risk adjustment model, it was statistically significant (P < .01). Compared with the current CDC SIR methodology, the SIR of hospital 1 decreased by 2%, whereas the SIRs of hospitals 2 and 3 increased by 2% and 6%, respectively, but the rankings did not change. Conclusions: Electronically available patient comorbidities are important risk factors for HO-CDI and may improve risk-adjustment methodology.

An Outbreak of Pyodermas Among Neonates Caused by Ultrasound Gel Contaminated With Methicillin-SusceptibleStaphylococcus Aureus

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 761-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Weist ◽  
Constanze Wendt ◽  
Lyle R. Petersen ◽  
Hans Versmold ◽  
Henning Rüden
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Good Physical Condition ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Control Study

Objective:To investigate an outbreak of methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA); infections in a neonatal clinic.Design:Prospective chart review, environmental sampling, and genotyping by two independent methods: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). A case-control study was performed with 31 controls from the same clinic.Setting:A German 1,350-bed tertiary-care teaching university hospital.Results:There was a significant increase in the incidence of pyodermas with MSSA 10 neonates in good physical condition with no infection immediately after birth developed pyodermas. A shared spatula and ultrasound gel were the only identified infection sources. The gel contained MSSA and was used for hip-joint sonographies in all neonates. PFGE and RAPD-PCR patterns from 6 neonates and from the gel were indistinguishable and thus genetically related clones. The case-control study revealed no significant risk factor with the exception of cesarean section (P=.006). The attack rate by days of hip-joint sonography between April 15 and April 27, 1994, was 11.8% to 40%.Conclusions:Inappropriate hygienic measures in connection with lubricants during routine ultrasound scanning may lead to nosocomialS aureusinfections of the skin. To our knowledge this source ofS aureusinfections has not previously been described.

Abstract WP369: Long Sleep Duration as a Risk Factor for Intracerebral Hemorrhage: a Nationwide, Multicenter Case-control Study

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Jung Kim ◽  
Chi Kyung Kim ◽  
Yerim Kim ◽  
Han-Gil Jeong ◽  
Kiwoong Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Sleep duration has been regarded as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Short sleep duration is linked with higher stroke incidence, and mortality. Moreover, and paradoxically, long sleep duration is also reported to be positively associated with stroke incidence. However, the impact of sleep duration on the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) risk remains unclear. Hypothesis: We assessed the relationship between sleep duration and the risk of ICH. Methods: We performed a nationwide, multicenter matched case-control study to investigate the risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke, using patients from 33 hospitals in Korea. We enrolled a total of 490 patients with ICH and 980 age- and sex-matched controls. We obtained information regarding sleep, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and medical history before ICH onset, using qualified structured questionnaires. Sleep duration was categorized as ≤5, 6, 7, 8, and ≥9 hours. We chose sleep duration of 7 h as the reference duration. Results: The included patients were mostly male (58.2%) with a mean age of 57 years. The number of subjects with long sleep duration, more than 8 h, was significantly greater in the ICH group than in the control group (≥8 h, 30.4% vs. 22.6%, P = 0.002). Compared to 7 h, long sleep duration participants tended to be older, be more hypertensive, and be more likely to have blue collar jobs, lower education levels, and poorer marital status (i.e., unmarried or divorced/separated). After controlling for confounding factors, we found that longer sleep duration was independently associated with the risk of ICH in a dose-response manner (8 h: Odds ratio, 1.44; confidence interval, 1.01-2.07; ≥9 h: Odds ratio, 2.60; confidence interval, 1.50–4.49). Conclusions: In conclusion, our study suggested that long sleep duration is positively related to ICH risk in a dose-dependent manner. In this context, our data might suggest that sleep duration is a modifiable risk factor for ICH.

Age May Modify the Relationship between Factor V Leiden Mutation - but Not G20210A Prothrombin Gene Variation - and Idiopathic Venous Thromboembolism: An Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4052-4052
Author(s):  
Gregoire Le Gal ◽  
Karine Lacut ◽  
Francis Couturaud ◽  
Emmanuel Oger ◽  
Dominique Mottier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Gene Variation ◽  
Prothrombin Gene ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction: Factor V Leiden is the most common inherited risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). A four- to sevenfold increased risk of VTE for the heterozygous state has been reported by numerous epidemiological studies but most of them did not include patients over 70 years. Surprisingly, we found in a previous study no association between Factor V Leiden and VTE in patients over 70 years. Methods Therefore we conducted a large hospital-based matched case-control study to test the hypothesis of an interaction between age and the factor V mutation, as well as G20210A prothrombin gene variation. Results: We analysed 392 patients experiencing VTE not related to a major acquired risk factor and their matched controls. Factor V Leiden was not associated with VTE in patients aged 80 years and over: odds ratio 0.8 (95%CI 0.2-3.4). There was a significant interaction between age and the mutation for VTE risk (p=0.03). Conversely, the association between the G20210A variant and VTE was consistent across age-groups: odds ratio 2.8 (95%CI 1.4–5.8). In conclusion, age may modify the relation between factor V Leiden and VTE. The prevalence of the factor V mutation decreased with increasing age among patients with VTE but not among controls.

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