scholarly journals Electrochemical Reduction of CO2: Influence of Pre-treating the Carbon Support

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nuno M. Pereira ◽  
C. Mateos-Pedrero ◽  
A. Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Reduction ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Carbon Structure ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Partial Destruction

The production of useful chemicals by electroreducing CO2 it is a promising approach to reduce the levels of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. This is not a straightforward process due to the high stability of the CO2 molecule and low selectivity however, these barriers can be overcome by using an appropriate catalyst. This research focus on the effect of pre-treating the carbon supports before incorporating the catalyst on the electroreduction of CO2. We found that the electrochemical behaviour of the carbon supports is modified by the nature of the pre-treatment used. From the structure perspective, the results showed partial destruction of the carbon structure mainly after the oxidative treatments nevertheless, the introduction of defect sites in the carbon structure contributed to catalyst performance. This improvement was proved by the LSV data that showed the reduction of the current associated with the hydrogen reduction reaction.

scholarly journals A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: Nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1808-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Sui ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Xintong Zhou ◽  
Yuehong Su ◽  
Saffa Riffat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Effect ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Pt Electrocatalysts ◽  
Activity Mechanism

This paper reviews progress in studies of the mechanism, nanostructure, size effect and carbon supports of Pt electrocatalysts for the ORR.

scholarly journals Relevant Properties of Carbon Support Materials in Successful Fe-N-C Synthesis for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Study of Carbon Blacks and Biomass-Based Carbons

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Julia Hülstede ◽  
Dana Schonvogel ◽  
Henrike Schmies ◽  
Peter Wagner ◽  
Frank Schröter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Carbon Blacks ◽  
Activated Biomass ◽  
The Impact

Fe-N-C materials are promising non-precious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells and batteries. However, during the synthesis of these materials less active Fe-containing nanoparticles are formed in many cases which lead to a decrease in electrochemical activity and stability. In this study, we reveal the significant properties of the carbon support required for the successful incorporation of Fe-N-related active sites. The impact of two carbon blacks and two activated biomass-based carbons on the Fe-N-C synthesis is investigated and crucial support properties are identified. Carbon supports having low portions of amorphous carbon, moderate surface areas (>800 m2/g) and mesopores result in the successful incorporation of Fe and N on an atomic level and improved oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. A low surface area and especially amorphous parts of the carbon promote the formation of metallic iron species covered by a graphitic layer. In contrast, highly microporous systems with amorphous carbon provoke the formation of less active iron carbides and carbon nanotubes. Overall, a phosphoric acid activated biomass is revealed as novel and sustainable carbon support for the formation of Fe-Nx sites. Overall, this study provides valuable and significant information for the future development of novel and sustainable carbon supports for Fe-N-C catalysts.

scholarly journals Hydrothermally Carbonized Waste Biomass as Electrocatalyst Support for α-MnO2 in Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold O. Panganoron ◽  
Jethro Daniel A. Pascasio ◽  
Eugene A. Esparcia ◽  
Julie Anne D. del Rosario ◽  
Joey D. Ocon
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
X Ray

Sluggish kinetics in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) requires low-cost and highly durable electrocatalysts ideally produced from facile methods. In this work, we explored the conversion and utilization of waste biomass as potential carbon support for α-MnO2 catalyst in enhancing its ORR performance. Carbon supports were derived from different waste biomass via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at different temperature and duration, followed by KOH activation and subsequent heat treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were used for morphological, chemical, and structural characterization, which revealed porous and amorphous carbon supports for α-MnO2. Electrochemical studies on ORR activity suggest that carbon-supported α-MnO2 derived from HTC of corncobs at 250 °C for 12 h (CCAC + MnO2 250-12) gives the highest limiting current density and lowest overpotential among the synthesized carbon-supported catalysts. Moreover, CCAC + MnO2 250-12 facilitates ORR through a 4-e‑ pathway, and exhibits higher stability compared to VC + MnO2 (Vulcan XC-72) and 20% Pt/C. The synthesis conditions preserve oxygen functional groups and form porous structures in corncobs, which resulted in a highly stable catalyst. Thus, this work provides a new and cost-effective method of deriving carbon support from biomass that can enhance the activity of α-MnO2 towards ORR.

Graphene Supported Tungsten Carbide as Catalyst for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahithi Ananthaneni ◽  
Rees Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Platinum Group Metal ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Metal Carbides ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Co2 Reduction Reaction

<div>Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to useful chemical and fuels in an energy efficient way is currently an expensive and inefficient process. Recently, low-cost transition metal-carbides (TMCs) are proven to exhibit similar electronic structure similarities to Platinum-Group-Metal (PGM) catalysts and hence can be good substitutes for some important reduction reactions. In this work, we test graphenesupported WC (Tungsten Carbide) nanocluster as an electrocatalyst for the CO2 reduction reaction. Specifically, we perform DFT studies to understand various possible reaction mechanisms and determine the lowest thermodynamic energy landscape of CO2 reduction to various products such as CO, HCOOH, CH3OH, and CH4. This in-depth study of reaction energetics could lead to improvements and develop more efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.<br></div>

Three-dimensional porous copper-decorated bismuth-based nanofoam for boosting electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchun Zhang ◽  
Changsheng Cao ◽  
Xintao Wu ◽  
Qi-Long Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
High Current ◽  
Porous Copper ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Co2 Reduction Reaction ◽  
Wide Potential

Bismuth (Bi)-based nanomaterials are considered as the promising electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), but it is challenging to achieve high current density and selectivity in a wide potential...

Development of high stable Pt-based ORR catalyst over Mn-modified polyaniline-based carbon nanofiber

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Qingjun Chen ◽  
Jinghua Yu ◽  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Fanghui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The corrosion of carbon support is one of key factors causing deactivation of Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In this work, a highly...

Novel Carbon Structure as Highly Stable Support for Electro-catalyst in Acid Media: Regulating Oxygen Functionalization Behavior of Carbon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guokang Han ◽  
Yongrong Sun ◽  
Yuxin Liu ◽  
Lingfeng Li ◽  
Xudong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precious Metal ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Carbon Structure ◽  
Acid Media

The nature of carbon support has huge effects on the catalytic properties of supported catalysts. When utilized for electrochemical purposes as support for precious metal in acid media, the oxygen...

scholarly journals Phase-selective active sites on ordered/disordered titanium dioxide enable exceptional photocatalytic ammonia synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsun Lee ◽  
Xinghui Liu ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Yosep Hwang ◽  
Eunji Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Band Structures ◽  
Electronic Band ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Electronic Band Structures ◽  
Reaction Routes

This work highlights the importance of a rational design for more energetically suitable nitrogen reduction reaction routes and mechanisms by regulating the electronic band structures with phase-selective defect sites.

scholarly journals NiFeOx as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction (OR) and Evolution (OE) Reaction in Alkaline Media

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alagar Paulraj ◽  
Yohannes Kiros ◽  
Mats Göthelid ◽  
Malin Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Alkaline Electrolyte ◽  
Bifunctional Electrocatalyst ◽  
Activity Measurements

This article reports the two-step synthesis of NiFeOx nanomaterials and their characterization and bifunctional electrocatalytic activity measurements in alkaline electrolyte for metal-air batteries. The samples were mostly in layered double hydroxide at the initial temperature, but upon heat treatment, they were converted to NiFe2O4 phases. The electrochemical behaviour of the different samples was studied by linear sweep voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry on the glassy carbon electrode. The OER catalyst activity was observed for low mass loadings (0.125 mg cm−2), whereas high catalyst loading exhibited the best performance on the ORR side. The sample heat-treated at 250 °C delivered the highest bi-functional oxygen evolution and reduction reaction activity (OER/ORR) thanks to its thin-holey nanosheet-like structure with higher nickel oxidation state at 250 °C. This work further helps to develop low-cost electrocatalyst development for metal-air batteries.

scholarly journals The joint effect of electrical conductivity and surface oxygen functionalities of carbon supports on the oxygen reduction reaction studied over bare supports and Mn–Co spinel/carbon catalysts in alkaline media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldona Kostuch ◽  
Sebastian Jarczewski ◽  
Marcin K. Surówka ◽  
Piotr Kuśtrowski ◽  
Zbigniew Sojka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Surface Oxygen ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Oxygen Groups ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Mn–Co spinel/carbon electrocatalyst performance exhibits a volcano-type shape which results from a trade-off between electrical conductivity and the amount of oxygen groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document