scholarly journals EFFICIENT USE OF THE HEAT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN CASTING FURNACES

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (6-1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nodir Turakhodjaev ◽  
Jamshidbek Khasanov
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Products ◽  
Heat Of Combustion

scholarly journals Research on the issue of using the heat of combustion products for heat supply of greenhouses

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01093
Author(s):  
Serdar Nazarov ◽  
Muhammetberdi Rakhimov ◽  
Saparmyrat Hojageldiyev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Electric Power Station ◽  
Contact Heat ◽  
Type Layer ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Steam Boilers

Cultivation of agricultural crops in winter season is carried out in special greenhouses. For heating greenhouses, a huge amount of heat energy is consumed. In the conditions of Turkmenistan, up to 1500 tons of standard fuel per year is consumed to heat the greenhouse with an area 1 hectare. The increase in heating costs leads to an increase in the prices of grown products. Therefore, saving fuel energy in the greenhouses is one of the most important economic factors. Possibilities of using the heat of the combustion products of steam boilers at the Mary State Electric Power Station (Turkmenistan) for heating greenhouses are discussed in the article. For this purpose, a special contact heat exchanger is installed on the line of the outgoing combustion products of steam boilers. In the experimental facilities, water is injected from top to bottom, and combustion products move in the opposite direction. In this case, the temperature of the combustion products decreases from 120-150 °C to 30-40 °C. The temperature of the cooling water of the combustion products rises from 10-20 °C to 40-45 °C. To increase the contact surface of water and gas in a contact heat exchanger, spray-type layer conductor is used. A distinctive feature of the experimental facility is the use of local materials as a spray-type layer with a conductor. For subsoil heating of greenhouses, water is supplied with the temperature of 40 °C, and for the raise of the vegetables grown in them water is supplied with the temperature of 22-25 °C. The use of the heat of combustion products to heat greenhouses is of great importance both for saving fuel and for purifying the environment from harmful emissions.

STUDIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF ENERGETIC ADDITIVES ON SELECTED PROPERTIES OF HETEROGENEOUS SOLID ROCKET PROPELLANT WITH LOW CONTENT OF HCL IN COMBUSTION PRODUCTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Paulina MAGNUSZEWSKA ◽  
Rafał Bogusz ◽  
Bogdan Florczak
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Rocket Propellants ◽  
Ballistic Properties ◽  
Solid Rocket ◽  
Solid Rocket Propellants ◽  
Heterogeneous Solid

The paper presents influence of additives like aluminium, magnesium, AMD (aluminium-magnesium dust) and boron on selected properties of heterogeneous solid rocket propellants (HSRP) based on HTPB in which ammonium chlorate was partly replaced by sodium nitrate. The presence of sodium nitrate reduces the content of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in combustion products. Theoretical values of thermochemical and thermodynamical properties like isochoric heat of combustion (Q), specific impulse (Isp) and combustion products in motor chamber and nozzle were identified by ICT-Code program. A laboratory rocket motor (LRM) was used to examine ballistic properties for prepared samples of propellants. Their temperature of decomposition, heat of combustion and hardness were tested both with sensitivity to mechanical stimuli (impact, friction) and rheological properties at curing.

scholarly journals Study of the influence of temperature on the parameters of natural fuel gas

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
V. Konovaliuk ◽  
Yu. Yu. Franchuk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Wobbe Index ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gas Volume

Differences in normative documents on the definition of "standard conditions" and parameters at which the heat of combustion of natural gas is determined are analyzed. When determining the energy value of natural gas in European countries, different values of the final temperature of combustion products, values of higher or lower heat of combustion are used. This causes a deviation of up to 19 % of the values of the heat of combustion of natural gas of the same composition, depending on the standard conditions established in a particular country. The dynamics of temperature change in some sections of the network and its influence on the determination of gas volumes were studied on the example of the urban-type settlement of Yampil, Khmelnytsky region. On the basis of actual values of the basic gas parameters in characteristic pointss of the settlement network, influence of ambient temperature on the basic parameters of the gas is investigated. Graphical dependences of gas density, Wobbe index, and gas volume on temperature are constructed. Based on the calculations, it was determined that when the temperature changes in the range from 0 to 40 °C, the volume of gas increases by 0.34 m3 per 1 °C. The density decreases by 0.002 kg/m3 per 1 °C. The maximum value of the Wobbe index is reached at temperatures of 10 and 25 °C. The same volume of gas can have different energy value, as it directly depends on the composition and percentage of the components of the gas mixture. There are special metters, which analyze the gas components. But they are installed only at large consumers. The presence of a corrector for temperature and pressure at the gas metering unit allows to increase the reliability of metering, but does not completely solves the problem. The amount of gas measured by the meters must be brought to standard conditions and converted into units of energy.

Analysis of toxic gaseous combustion products

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 506-509
Author(s):  
A. Fish ◽  
N. H. Franklin ◽  
R. T. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Products

EMISSION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS CONTAINED IN COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF GASOLINE ENGINES

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Assad ◽  
V. V. Grushevski ◽  
O. G. Penyazkov ◽  
I. N. Tarasenko
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Load Mode

The concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the gasoline combustion products emitted into the atmosphere by internal combustion engines (ICE) has been measured using the gas chromatography method. The concentrations of PAHs in the exhaust gases sampled behind a catalytic converter has been determined when the ICE operates in five modes: idle mode, high speed mode, load mode, ICE cold start mode (engine warm-up) and transient mode. Using 92 RON, 95 RON and 98 RON gasoline the effect of the octane number of gasoline on the PAHs content in the exhaust gases has been revealed. The concentration of the most carcinogenic component (benzo(α)pyrene) in the exhaust gases behind a catalytic converter significantly exceeds a reference value of benzo(α)pyrene in the atmospheric air established by the WHO and the EU for ICE in the load mode.

EFFECT OF BORON ON THE COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF METALLIZED HIGH-ENERGY MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Korotkikh ◽  
◽  
I. Sorokin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Solid Propellants ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
High Energy Materials ◽  
Condensed Combustion Products ◽  
Active Fuel Binder

The paper presents the results of thermodynamic calculations of the effect of pure boron additives on combustion characteristics of high-energy materials (HEM) based on ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, active fuel-binder, and powders of aluminum Al, titanium Ti, magnesium Mg, and boron B. The combustion parameters and the equilibrium composition of condensed combustion products (CCPs) of HEM model compositions were obtained with thermodynamic calculation program “Terra.” The compositions of solid propellants with different ratios of metals (Al/B, Ti/B, Mg/B, and Al/Mg/B) were considered. The combustion temperature Tad in a combustion chamber, the vacuum specific impulse J at the nozzle exit, and the mass fraction ma of the CCPs for HEMs were determined.

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