scholarly journals Diabetes and Hypertension among patients with psychiatric illnesses attending outpatient services in a tertiary mental health centre: A cross-sectional study from south India

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Ramakrishnan Parvathy ◽  
◽  
Balasankaralingam Sugetha ◽  
Padmavati Ramachandran ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Mental Health Centre ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: High burden of comorbid physical non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is observed in patients with psychiatric illnesses. However, little attention is paid to physical illnesses of this patient population. This study evaluated the self-reported frequency of physical NCDs in patients with psychiatric illnesses, current involvement of psychiatrists in managing these NCDs and association of NCDs with socio-demographic and clinical factors. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in out-patient department of a tertiary mental health centre in southern India. Consecutive adult patients (N=450) fulfilling the study’s inclusion criteria were interviewed regarding comorbid physical NCDs including diabetes and hypertension, and aspects related to their diagnosis and treatment. Psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic treatment information was obtained from electronic patient records maintained at the centre. Results: Overall frequency of any physical NCD was 24.9%, with diabetes and hypertension reported by 15.8% and 8.7% of patients, respectively. Patients with diabetes or hypertension were more likely to be older, have a family history of diabetes/hypertension, or psychiatric illness for at least 5 years or longer. Less than 8% of patients with diabetes or hypertension were treated for their physical NCD by psychiatrists. Forty patients with elevated BP (≥140 and/or ≥90 mmHg) or at risk for hypertension were identified while conducting physical examination as part of the study. Conclusion: Diabetes and hypertension are common physical NCDs in patients with psychiatric illness. Therefore, it is important that psychiatrists be aware of and identify patients who are at risk for such NCDs.

scholarly journals Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Police Personnel during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study in North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Mital ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duty Hours ◽  
Police Personnel

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has posed a public health threat to the whole world. The frontline line workers including police personnel involved in COVID-19 management and containment are at risk of mental health problems. Aims: To estimate mental health problems like stress, anxiety, and depression in police personnel and to determine their underlying drivers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among police personnel of city Rohtak in April 2020. 8 police stations and 13 check-posts were selected randomly by lottery method. Depression, Anxiety and Stress-21 Scale was used. Statistical analyses were undertaken using MS Excel, Epi Info, and R software. Results: 298 policemen were screened for mental problems. Their mean age was 39 ± 9.7 years. 20.1%, 13.8%, and 3.4% had stress, anxiety, and depression respectively. 172 (57.7%) respondents were not satisfied with their COVID duty hours. 239 (80.2%) subjects believed that they are at risk of getting the infection due to their duties in COVID-19 containment zones. About 68.8% of participants believed that their families were at risk of getting the infection because of their COVID-19 duty. The study subjects who were not satisfied with their duty hours had 2.4 and 3.5 times more risk of stress and anxiety as compared with those who were satisfied with them. Conclusion: Policemen are at significant risk for stress, anxiety, and depression due to COVID related duties. Identifiable risk factors were number of working hours per day, dissatisfaction with duty hours, and risk of contracting corona infection due to COVID-19 duty.

scholarly journals Correlates of mental health in occupations at risk for traumatization: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Schäfer ◽  
M. Roxanne Sopp ◽  
Marlene Staginnus ◽  
Johanna Lass-Hennemann ◽  
Tanja Michael
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Psychosocial Health of School-aged Children during the Initial COVID-19 Safer-at-Home School mandates in Florida: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah McKune ◽  
Daniel Acosta ◽  
Nick Diaz ◽  
Kaitlin Brittain ◽  
Diana Joyce-Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home School ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychosocial Disorders ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Risk For Depression ◽  
At Home

AbstractBackgroundGiven the emerging literature regarding the impacts of lockdown measures on mental health, this study aims to identify risk factors in school-aged children for being at risk for psychosocial disorders during the COVID-19 Safer-at-Home School mandates in FloridaMethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 (n=280). Bivariate analysis and logistic and multinomial logistic regression models are used to examine socio-demographic and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) predictors of anxiety, depression, and obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD).ResultsLoss of household income was associated with being at risk for depression [aOR=3.130, 95% CI= (1.41-6.97)], anxiety [aOR=2.531, 95%CI= (1.154-5.551)], and OCD [aOR=2.90, 95%CI= (1.32-6.36)]. Being female was associated with risk for depression [aOR=1.72, 95% CI=(1.02-2.93)], anxiety [aOR=1.75, 95% CI=(1.04-2.97)], and OCD[aOR=1.764, 95%CI= (1.027-3.028)]. Parental practices that are protective against COVID-19 were associated with children being at risk of depression [aOR=1.55, 95% CI= (1.04-2.31)]. Being at a lower school level was risk factor for anxiety and OCD.ConclusionsEfforts to address mental health risk in children, as a result schools should prioritize girls, younger children, and children of families who lose income. Limiting the spread of COVID-19 through school closure may exacerbate the risk of psychosocial disorders in children, thus school administrators should move quickly to target those at greatest risk.

scholarly journals Gaps in health behaviours and use of preventive services between patients with diabetes and the general population: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e017937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Young Shin ◽  
Sohee Park ◽  
Sang Min Park
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

ObjectivesAlthough both the prevalence and treatment rate of diabetes have increased, the degree of adherence to healthy behaviours by patients with diabetes has not yet been comprehensively evaluated. This study examines the differences in health management and mental health status according to diabetes status and awareness of that diagnosis.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of 14 655 people using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Study 2010–2012, which used sampling weights. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to compare health-risk behaviours, preventive healthcare utilisation and mental health status according to diabetes diagnosis and awareness of the disease.ResultsCompared with people without diabetes, people with diabetes had comparably worse smoking status (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.09, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.30), insufficient physical activity (aOR 1.09, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.24) and were less likely to receive cancer screenings and regular health check-ups (aOR 0.75, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.85). Furthermore, compared with people unaware of their diabetes, people aware of their diabetes had lower odds of physical inactivity (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99) and greater odds of receiving colon cancer screening (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.05) and influenza vaccination (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.11).ConclusionsPeople with diabetes were no better in terms of health behaviours and preventive healthcare utilisation than those who were without diabetes. Further efforts and political attention to ensure the delivery of quality care for people with diabetes are needed.

scholarly journals Burden of depression and anxiety among leprosy affected and associated factors—A cross sectional study from India

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0009030
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Govindasamy ◽  
Immanuel Jacob ◽  
Raju Moturu Solomon ◽  
Joydeepa Darlong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background Leprosy is a Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) known to cause stigma and discrimination in low-and middle-income countries. It often results in visible impairments, thus pre-disposing to poor mental health. Aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among people affected by Leprosy and to determine the associated factors. Methodology/Principal findings A multi-centric, cross-sectional study was carried out in four leprosy endemic states of India—Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, West Bengal and Tamil Nadu in randomly selected blocks (a sub-unit of district), from one district in each state. From selected blocks those registered for leprosy treatment at public health or referral centres, people above the age of 18 years were interviewed with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 questionnaires for Depression and Anxiety, respectively. Disease profile like leprosy classification, deformity grade, number and site of the patches and socio-economic status were collected along with individual data. Of the total 220 respondents, prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was, 33% (73) and 19% (42), respectively. Presence of disability (47%) and Female gender (46%) were significantly associated with depression. Presence of disability (32%), Lower income group (27%) and low education (22%) were significantly associated with symptoms of anxiety. As the severity of disability increased, risk of developing depression and anxiety increased. Conclusion The study indicates that more than 30% of people affected by leprosy have mental health problems, which emphasizes the importance of mental health care services in leprosy. Women, those who had lower level of education, those belonging to lower socio-economic status and those with any level of disability due to leprosy are at risk of developing depression and/or anxiety. The study concludes more attention to be paid to the categories identified to be at risk.

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