Methylphenidate: A Review
Methylphenidate (MFD) is an amphetamine-derived medicine that stimulates the Central Nervous System (CNS), promoting increased attention, less distraction and increased sense of motivation. This study aims to describe the main pharmaceutical characteristics of MFD, highlight the clinical indications for the use of MFD and detail the possible adverse events arising from the consumption of MFD. For this, we conducted a research in the databases ScienceResearch.com, SciELO, LILACS, PubMed and EMBASE and in the institutional repositories of the Federal University of São Paulo, Federal University of Minas Gerais and Federal University of Ceará, using the keywords and associations “methylphenidate”, “ritalin”, “effects” and “effects”. It was evidenced that the drug consists of a racemic mixture formed by four stereoisomers, and the pharmacologically active compound is racemate dextrogyl (d,l)-treo-MFD. It acts on the blockade of dopamine and norepinephrine transporters from the CNS, promoting effects that justify its prescription to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In recent years, its consumption for non-therapeutic purposes has increased. Some adverse effects of its use have been reported, and insomnia, irritability and headache have been reported.