scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF NON-CARCEROGENIC NEGATIVE IMPACTS ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF CHILDREN IN THE AREA WITH EXPOSURE TO ALUMINUM PRODUCTION EMISSIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-469
Author(s):  
I. G. Zhdanova-Zaplesvichko ◽  
Marina A. Zemlyanova ◽  
Yu. V. Koldibekova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction. The priority indicator of the influence of chemical factors of the environment on the health of the population of Russia is the pollution of atmospheric air, the composition of which is largely determined by regional features of production. Material and methods. A comparative hygienic assessment of the quality of the atmospheric air of the territory with the placement of aluminum production and the territory without similar sources of emissions was conducted; a chemical-analytical and clinical laboratory examination of 135 children was carried out, with an assessment of the negative effects from the nervous system in the case of aerogenic exposure to aluminum and manganese. Results. In the conditions of the existing quality of atmospheric air in the residential area in the zone of influence of aluminum production which forms an aerogenic exposure of substances (aluminum and manganese), possessing of the unidirectional negative impact on the central nervous system, at the level of 0.0015g/(kg∙day) the share of aluminum is 93.3%, which indicates its primary impact on the population. Children of the observation group 1 showed urine aluminum content by 3.1 times more than in comparison to observation subgroup 2 and 6.9 times in relation to the comparison group (p = 0.0001). The concentration of aluminum as a marker of inhalation exposure is substantiated, and its value more than 0.053 mg/dm3 in urine may indicate an increased risk of neurotoxic exposure. An increased prevalence (1.6-5.5 times) of the negative impact on the CNS in the form of the asthenic autonomous syndrome, as a predictor of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, has been shown to be associated with the aerogenic exposure to aluminum. In children with an elevated aluminum content in urine comparing to the reference level, revealed laboratory abnormalities and indices were proved to be associated with an elevated concentration of aluminum in the urine relative to the children of the comparison group: an increase in the level of neuron-specific enolase in the serum indicating an increase in the activity of damage to the blood-brain barrier; an increase in the glutamic acid content by 1.3 times, characterizing the imbalance of the neurotransmitters of the central nervous system; reduction in serum phosphorus, reflecting the antagonistic effect of aluminum, followed by an increase in the level of ionized calcium in the blood. The contribution of aluminum to the biochemical and functional indices deviation from the physiological norm accounted for from 10% to 58%. On the basis of a consistent chain of reliable dependencies, a complex of biomarkers of the asthenic autonomous syndrome and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder associated with an elevated aluminum content in urine, including glutamic acid, neuron-specific enolase, and phosphorus is substantiated.

An Investigation of the Effects of Curcumin on the Changes in the Central Nervous System of Rats Exposed to Aroclor 1254 in the Prenatal Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Eray Alcigir ◽  
Halef Okan Dogan ◽  
Begum Yurdakok Dikmen ◽  
Kubra Dogan ◽  
Sevil Atalay Vural ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Prenatal Period ◽  
Aroclor 1254 ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Tunel Reaction ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background & Objective: Aroclor 1254 is a widespread toxic compound of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), which can create significant nervous problems. No remedies have been found to date. The aim of this study was to reveal the damage that occurs in the central nervous system of rat pups exposed to Aroclor 1254 in the prenatal period and to show the inhibiting effect of curcumin, which is a strong anti-oxidant and neuroprotective substance. Method: The study established 3 groups of adult female and male Wistar albino rats. The rats were mated within these groups and the offspring rats were evaluated within the group given Aroclor 1254 only (n=10) and the group was given both Aroclor 1254 and curcumin (n=10) and the control group (n=10). The groups were compared in respect of pathomorphological damage. The immunohistochemical evaluation was made of 8-hydroxdeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynoneal (4HNE), myelin basic protein (MBP) expressions and TUNEL reaction. The biochemical evaluation was made of the changes in the TAS-TOS and Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) levels. Damage was seen to have been reduced with curcumin in the 8OHdG and TUNEL reactions, especially in the forebrain and the midbrain, although the dosage applied did not significantly change TAS and TOS levels. Consequently, it was understood that Aroclor 1254 caused damage in the central nervous system of the pup in the prenatal period, and curcumin reduced these negative effects, particularly in the forebrain and the midbrain. Conclusion: It was concluded that curcumin could be a potential neuroprotective agent and would be more effective at higher doses.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and treatment of Multiple sclerosis: Brazilian and global overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorrane de Moura Moreira ◽  
Bruna Stefany Alves Françozo ◽  
Bruno Barcelos Pereira ◽  
Camila Almeida Sardinha ◽  
Débora Pimenta Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nutritional Monitoring ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Character

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with a chronic, progressive and inflammatory character. In addition, it presents itself in a heterogeneous way, and can be as an isolated syndrome or as a recurrent remitter, in the first stage, or as progressive, in the second stage. The present work was developed with the objective of determining which is the best form of diagnosis and therapy for multiple sclerosis in Brazil. Methods: The review was performed in PubMed platform, with the descriptors: “multiple sclerosis”, “diagnosis”, “therapy” and “research”. Results: The research result in 148 articles. After a criterious reading and the application of the used criteria, was selected 20 articles. Conclusion: For the diagnosis of this chronic neurological disease, magnetic resonance imaging is used to assess myelination of the different regions of the central nervous system, which is the most suitable for the diagnosis of MS. Μoreover, as a complement, cerebrospinal fluid extraction and blood tests are performed in order to ascertain the concentration of B cells. Regarding therapeutics, this is diversified, including drugs, diets and therapies that stimulate cognition and motor action, such as the use of virtual reality programs and motor images. In relation to drugs, it is of importance that SUS makes natalizumab and ocrelizumab available because they are more efficient and enable users to have a better quality of life. Finally, nutritional monitoring is also suggested to establish a ketogenic or fasting diet in a balanced way

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Role of Co-morbid Mood Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lecca ◽  
Luca Saba ◽  
Roberto Sanfilippo ◽  
Elisa Pintus ◽  
Michela Cadoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Dsm Iv

Introduction/Objective: To study in severe carotid atherosclerosis (CA): the frequency of mood disorders (MD); the impairment of quality of life (QoL); the role of co-morbid MD in such impairment. Methods: Case-control study. Cases: consecutive in-patients with CA (stenosis ≥ 50%). Controls: subjects with no diagnosis of CA randomized from a database of a community survey. Psychiatric diagnosis according to DSM-IV made by clinicians and semi-structured interview, QoL measured by the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Results: This is the first study on comorbidity on CA disease and MD in which psychiatric diagnoses are conducted by clinicians according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (17.4% vs 2.72%, P <0.0001) but not Bipolar Disorders (BD) (4.3% vs 0.5%, P = 0.99) was higher in cases (N=46) than in controls (N= 184). SF-12 scores in cases were lower than in controls (30.56±8.12 vs 36.81±6:40; p <0.001) with QoL comparable to serious chronic diseases of the central nervous system. The burden of a concomitant MDD or BD amplifies QoL impairment. Conclusion: Comorbid MD aggravates the impairment of QoL in CA. Unlike autoimmune diseases or degenerative diseases of the Central Nervous System, CA shows a strong risk of MDD than BD.

Pesticides

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA Y. CABRERA
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mental Function ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Chemical Exposures ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract:There is growing evidence about the influence of chemical exposures on specific molecular systems and mechanisms involved in cognitive and mental function. Evidence is also emerging about the negative impact of these chemical exposures on mental health, including depression, suicide, and other risks. Despite the growing appreciation of these factors, however, little attention has been paid to the ethical and social implications of their interactions. Drawing on recent work that argues for an environmental neuroethics approach that explicitly brings together ethics, environment, and conditions of the central nervous system, this article focuses on these critical issues for pesticides specifically.

scholarly journals REKOMENDASI PERAWATAN TERKINI DALAM PENATALAKSANAAN KEJANG PADA NEONATUS

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Elfy Syahreni
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Permanent Brain Damage

AbstrakKejang adalah perilaku yang tidak terkontrol yang sering ditemukan pada neonatus. Kejang yang terjadi pada neonatus dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan otak permanen. Penyebab kejang pada neonatus sangat bervariasi di antaranya adalah hypoxic-ischaemic encehepalophaty (HIE), infeksi susunan saraf pusat, perdarahan intrakranial, dan gangguan metabolisme. Pengkajian terhadap tanda dan gejala kejang serta faktor pencetus kejang sangat penting dalam pemberian intervensi keperawatan yang tepat pada neonatus. Dampak lanjut dari kejang pada neonatus dapat menimbulkan kematian dan gejala sisa. Mengingat dampak tersebut, penatalaksanaan perawatan terkini dan berkualitas menjadi bagian penting untuk neonatus penderita kejang. AbstractSeizure is a clinical syndrome characterized by an uncontrolled behavior in neonate. The main cause of seizure in neonate is HIE, central nervous system infection, intracranial hemorrhage, and metabolic disturbance. Seizure will lead to permanent brain damage. Identified sign, symptom and risk factor of seizure are very important in order to provide an accurate nursing management in neonate. Further negative impact of seizure is sequel or death. Considering the facts above, it is necessary to provide the latest nursing care and a high quality of care to neonate who is experiencing seizure.

scholarly journals A Review of the Complex Roles of Glial Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease and Potential Glial-Oriented Therapeutic Targets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Shahriar Rahman Nirzhor ◽  
Rubayat Islam Khan ◽  
Sharmind Neelotpol
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Concentration Of Ions ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (AD) is very complicated and not well-understood. As more and more studies are performed with regards to this disease, new insights are coming to light. Much of the research in AD so far has been very neuron-oriented however, recent studies suggest that certain glial cells i.e. microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and NG2 glia are linked to the pathogenesis of AD and may offer several potential therapeutic targets in the long-standing battle against AD. Glial cells are responsible for maintaining homeostasis (i.e. concentration of ions and neurotransmitters) within the neuronal environment of the central nervous system (CNS) and are crucial to the integrity of neurons. This review explores the (1) role of glial cells in AD pathogenesis, (2) complex functionalities of the components involved and (3) potential therapeutic targets that it could eventuate leading to a better quality of life for AD patients.

scholarly journals Fatigue and Affective Manifestations in Multiple Sclerosis—A Cluster Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar S. Ayache ◽  
Moussa A. Chalah
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Disease

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, characterized by a high prevalence in young people, a drastic impact on the quality of life, and an important economic cost to society [...]

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