Potential of IFRS 8: Managerial "customization", relevance of subsidiaries and separate financial statements

2018 ◽  
pp. 103-131
Author(s):  
Andrea Cuccia
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Segment Reporting ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Ifrs 8 ◽  
Reporting Structure

Nowadays companies are engaged in an increasingly competitive and global arena, where informational imbalances between companies and investors might be seen as a constraint to the correct functioning of markets. Breakdown of infor-mation by segments might be seen as an attempt to intercept different information needs about each circumscribed area of economic activities individually identified within entity-group. This paper is first intended to figure out, by resorting to practical examples, the effects of full management approach on IFRS 8 segment reporting structure. Then, in the light of the state of art arising from IFRS 8 Post-Implementation Review and the latest criticisms, in order to guarantee its useful-ness, it calls for a more awareness of the multi-faceted nature of segment reporting as a planning and control tool. Besides, merit of segment reporting is to recovery subsidiaries data elided within the consolidated financial statements. Following this perspective, separate financial statements, depicting subsidiaries in terms of in-vestments and profits and losses flowing respectively into balance sheet and in-come statements, is bound to provide a synthetic overview of all the business areas occupied by entity-group.

scholarly journals External Segment Reporting in the Republic of Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Obradović ◽  
Nemanja Karapavlović
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Segment Reporting ◽  
Ifrs 8 ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Segment Information

AbstractThe purpose of the research in this paper is to examine the regulation and practices of external segment reporting in the Republic of Serbia. The importance of research stems from a great potential usefulness of segment information for investors and creditors. The analysis of regulation suggests that the Republic of Serbia has high-quality and internationally recognized basis of external segment reporting – IFRS 8. However, there is a room for improvement of IFRS 8. The analysis of practices, conducted on a sample of 500 companies, shows that companies in the Republic of Serbia, in general, do not attach great importance to the disclosure of segment information in financial statements. The practices are quite miscellaneous, which is a consequence of the flexibility of IFRS 8, but also an incomplete compliance with IFRS 8. By applying statistical techniques we have examined whether the practices of external segment reporting are related to characteristics of companies, which makes the originality of the paper. We have found that financial institutions disclose more extensive quantitative segment information in relation to other companies in the Republic of Serbia, and that companies with higher assets disclose more extensive segment information. The research indicates that there is a significant room for improving the practices of external segment reporting in the Republic of Serbia. The research results may be useful for regulators of financial reporting and preparers and auditors of financial statements.

scholarly journals Managerial empire building and segment reporting quality: The role of auditor industry specialization

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 518-530
Author(s):  
Chaur-Shiuh Young ◽  
Chia-Hui Chen ◽  
Fei-Liang Chien ◽  
Tzu-Yi Yu
Keyword(s):  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Industry Specialization ◽  
External Auditors ◽  
Empire Building ◽  
Segment Reporting ◽  
Ifrs 8

This study aims to explore whether empire building firms have lower segment reporting quality under the new accounting standard-IFRS No. 8, Operating Segments. IFRS No. 8 requires firms to report segment information on basis of the management approach, which implying the opportunity of managerial manipulation. We use the sample of 8 countries that have followed IFRS 8 over the period 2009-2011, and find that when managers with high incentives to build managerial empire will conceal segment reporting information on purpose which leads to lower segment reporting quality. Furthermore, our results show that external auditors with industrial experience attenuate the agency problem of managerial empire building and consequently increase segment reporting quality.

IFRS Adoption in the EU and the Challenge of Nomenclature Evidence from the UK, France, and Germany

2016 ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Matthias Nnadi ◽  
Sailesh Tanna
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

Since the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the subsequent directive by the European Union (EU), all companies operating in the EU are required to report their consolidated financial statements in line with the IFRS. This study examines the consolidated financial statements of the top 170 listed companies in three major EU stock exchanges (UK, France and Germany) and uncovered a disparity in the use of common nomenclatures. The findings reveal that the inconsistencies in the application of terminologies such as statement of financial position instead of balance sheet and sequence of arrangement of assets in order of liquidity constitute the main differences for entities operating in the three countries. Such differences pose an imminent challenge in the comparability and interpretation of financial results.

scholarly journals The relationship between key audit matters in the new auditor's report and the risks reported in the management report and the estimates and judgments in the notes to the financial statements

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 580-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjan Brouwer ◽  
Peter Eimers ◽  
Henk Langendijk
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Management Report

For decades, auditors have communicated their opinion on financial statements with standard wordings in the auditor’s report. However, stakeholders expect more information from the auditor. The limited transparency regarding an auditor’s actual activities, has contributed to the dissatisfaction concerning the functioning of auditors. The new (extended) auditor’s report is an answer to the information needs of stakeholders. The key audit matters reported by the auditor provide new insights to financial statement users with respect to significant estimates and risks reported in the financial statements. It may be expected from the auditor that he pays extra attention to the most significant estimates and risks. This article contains an examination of the degree to which reported key audit matters match with the significant risks presented in the directors’ reports, and with the significant accounting policies and estimates in the notes. We have studied management reports, financial statements and auditor’s reports of 50 companies listed in the Netherlands (at the AEX and Midkap index) in 2015. Our study shows that the key audit matters in the new auditor’s report often correspond with the significant accounting policies and estimates as they are reported by management in the notes. However, only in ten percent of the cases, the risks presented in the directors’ reports are mentioned as key audit matters in the new auditor’s report. Auditors have a strong focus on balance sheet items as key audit matters. Many companies recognize the riskiness of issues like reliability and continuity of IT systems and complying with regulation, but these are hardly mentioned as key audit matters. This is also a general finding of our study for issues related to the internal controls of the audited companies.

THE POST 1947 PLAN ERA During the 1950s, the Higher Council of Accounting made the first revision of the 1947 Plan. The new Plan was approved in 1957. The Council mainly devoted its efforts to improving the various elements of the 1947 Plan while retaining its framework and giving the cost accounting section of the plan more flexibil­ ity. A 1962 decree required the 1957 Plan be used in the private economic sector. The 1957 Plan thus became legally binding in over eighty lines of business for which particular plans were developed. Further, in the 1960s, the 1957 Plan served as basis for the development of the Plan for the African, Madagascar and Mauritius Organization (grouping of former French colonies) by a group of experts from the National Council of Accounting and INSEE. With changing economic conditions in France, the passing of new laws, the rapid development of information processing tech­ niques and the internationalization of trade and capital markets, the Accounting Plan needed revision. The need to improve the possibilities for financial and economic analysis offered by the plan’s financial statements played an important role in drafting the revised plan’s conceptual framework; in fact, this consider­ ation dominated the first phase of the revision (1970 to 1975). The new proposed plan changed the classification criteria adopted in the 1947 and 1957 Plans, and introduced a number of innovations. The classification of balance sheet elements according to their de­ gree of liquidity/maturity was replaced by a classification of assets and liabilities according to their economic function in the firm. The impact of tax regulations on accounting income and on the balance sheet was to be shown separately in accounts such as regulated provisions. The presentation of a statement of changes in financial position was to be made mandatory as a result of banks’ and financial analysts’ requests for information about the impact of the firm’s transactions on its financial position. In the income statement, components of production were to be shown separately, and computation of value added was required to meet national accountants' information needs. These changes were ap­ proved by the National Council of Accounting (Conseil National de la Comptabilite) in 1975. Unfortunately, the 1975 Plan could not be adopted as such, since it had to be harmonized with the requirements of the Euro­ pean Economic Community (EEC) directive on company financial statements, which was approved in 1977. The EEC fourth direc­

2014 ◽  
pp. 353-353
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
National Council ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

Minority Interest in the Consolidated Retained Earnings Statement

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Nurnberg
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Parent Company ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Entity Theory ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Cash Flow Statement ◽  
Retained Earnings

Consolidated financial statements purport to report income, financial position, and cash flows of a parent company and its subsidiaries as if the group were a single company with one or more branches or divisions. Under the parent company theory, the consolidated entity perspective assumed in the consolidated income statement, the consolidated balance sheet, and the consolidated retained earnings statement differs from the consolidated entity perspective assumed in the consolidated cash flow statement. Even under extant expositions of the entity theory, the consolidated entity perspective assumed in the consolidated income statement, the consolidated balance sheet, and the consolidated cash flow statement differs from the consolidated entity perspective assumed in the consolidated retained earnings statement. This paper develops a consistent consolidated entity perspective for all four consolidated financial statements. It demonstrates that under the entity theory, consolidated retained earnings includes the separate equities of both the parent company stockholders and the minority interest. As such, both elements of retained earnings should be reported in the consolidated retained earnings statement to make it comparable to the consolidated retained earnings statement of companies without subsidiaries or with only wholly owned subsidiaries. The effect on certain financial ratios of public companies may be substantial. The paper also demonstrates that for purchased subsidiaries, minority interest in consolidated retained earnings includes unamortized write-ups of identifiable net assets and goodwill arising from purchase-type business combinations.

scholarly journals THE ADAPTATION OF PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT TO THE CURRENT REQUIREMENTS REPORTING OF THE PERFORMANCES

10.26458/1637 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Liana GADAU
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Complex Activities

The financial performance - a very complex notion and high informational load forusers of accounting information is reflected best by the financial statements, the profit andloss account and the situation of equity variations. The last situation can be presented as astatement of comprehensive income, including beside the result of profit and loss account, thegains and losses directly recognized in equities without passing through the profit and lossaccount.The development of increasingly complex activities emphasizes the utility, thenecessity of the profit and loss account in the financial reporting by increasing the interest inthe enterprise performance, especially for the dynamic information that this situation canprovide.Meanwhile, there is a declining interest in the historical costs and static information.Although the balance sheet contains information on performance, it does not prevent theachievement of its forecasts.In this paper we propose to approach the profit and loss account in view of tworepresentative referential, namely in terms of IAS 1 standard “The preparation andpresentation of the financial statements” and the national regulation, the Finance Order no.1802/2014 regarding the Approval of the Accounting Regulations on the annual individualand consolidated financial statements, aiming to emphasize the advantages, but also thelimits provided by this models. This way, will see which of these models of profit and lossaccount respond best to users’ needs.

scholarly journals The PJSC “Novatek” activity efficiency reserves identification based on the economic and accounting analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
D. V. Lysenko ◽  
L. Akgün
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Grouping Method ◽  
Us Dollar

A comparative analysis of three large Russian companies – PJSC “Novatek”, PJSC “Gazprom”, PJSC “Surgutneftegaz”, – is presented. The study relevance is caused by the gas industry strategic importance of the country as a whole as well as the specifics of its current situation: a large-scale drop of world gas prices, the ruble depreciation in relation to the US dollar, the introduction of sanctions on Russia. The financial and economic activities of the company PJSC “Novatek” is examined in the article. Various approaches to the analysis and identification of the company’s activities potential are studied. The investment attractiveness of competitors’ companies is evaluated. The research methodology included: complex, empirical, retrospective types of analysis (since the calculations of the companies’ financial conditions indicators are based on their consolidated financial statements data as of December 31, 2015); comparative, horizontal and vertical types of analysis; grouping method is categorization. As a result methodological principles of carrying out an economic analysis of gas producing companies’ activities are formed in order to make effective management decisions in conditions of risk and uncertainty.

scholarly journals APPLICABILITY OF CONSOLIDATED TECHNIQUES IN THE VIEW OF ROMANIAN ACCOUNTING REGULATIONS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Rosu
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Parent Company ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Multiple Levels

The accounting regulations are more and more interested in groups of companies. In some cases, these regulations require for preparing the consolidated financial statements. This is the task of the parent company who keeps the consolidated accounts. To accomplish its goals, the consolidated accounting uses a couple of, so-called, consolidation techniques. These are applied in the case of groups of companies with a complex structure. Their goal is to elaborate the consolidated financial statements using a set of methods and empirical skills. In this article we synthetize and apply the consolidation techniques in the view of Romanian accounting regulations. The Romanian practice has revealed, especially, two techniques: one based on direct consolidation and another one based on multiple levels (phased consolidation). Therefore, this work regards only the technical side of consolidated accounting, accounting records being evaded. Furthermore, we focus only on the preparation of the consolidated balance sheet in the case of some hypothetical groups of companies.

scholarly journals Level of adherence of the brazilian listed companies of the telecommunications sector to the accounting pronouncement CPC 47

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Xavier de Oliveira ◽  
Thais Mota Crabbi ◽  
Jomar Miranda Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Accounting Disclosure ◽  
Telecommunications Sector ◽  
Current Topic ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

Purpose: The present work sought to analyze the level of compliance of the Brazilian companies in the telecommunications sector listed in B3 to accounting pronouncement CPC 47. Methodology: A checklist was elaborated containing 8 (eight) criteria in which companies should disclose in order to obtain a high level of compliance with CPC 47. It’s characterized as a documentary research with analysis of content over the consolidated financial statements (balance sheet and income statement), explanatory notes and management reports published by the companies in the years 2017 and 2018. Results: The results show that no company presented adherence to the new standard. The company Telefonica Vivo Brazil was the one with the highest level, 56.25%, while Telebras presented the lowest, 29.16%. In addition, it was checked whether the companies already disclosed their information in accordance with the standard before it became mandatory, as a voluntary disclosure. The companies OI S.A., Telebras and Algar Telecom did not mention CPC 47 in the first three quarters of 2017. On the other hand, Telefonica Vivo Brazil and TIM Holdings alluded to the norm since the first period analyzed. Contributions of the Study: It’s a current topic in accounting research because it’s the year of implementation of CPC 47, and relevant, as it will bring significant changes in the recognition and disclosure criteria of revenues. From the literature review, few studies have been done dealing with the topic. From this, this research sought to contribute to expand the list of works produced on the new CPC, with a quantitative approach, in the lines of accounting disclosure and regulation.

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