COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE TOURISM IN THE BLACK SEA REGION AND SPANISH CATALONIA

Black Sea Economic Studies ◽

10.32843/bses.68-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Natalia Bielousova

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Implementation Process ◽

People With Disabilities ◽

Point Of View ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

European Experience ◽

Wide Range

The article reveals the essence of inclusive tourism as a new direction of the tourism sector, for the introduction of which in the regions of Ukraine, it is necessary to thoroughly study the world experience, compare the real possibilities of the natural resource and tourist and recreational potential, as well as the level of development of the sectoral infrastructure of the region, which is related to the implementation process. programs for the development of inclusive tourism. As an example of European experience in creating an inclusive environment, the region of Spanish Catalonia was considered, which has similar features to the Black Sea region of Ukraine: climatic and natural resources, the presence of a coastline with beaches for recreation and a variety of leisure activities, a wide range of tourist services and offers for all tourists , including for people with inclusion and people with disabilities. Provides a comprehensive description of the inclusive environment of the city of Barcelona - the center of Catalonia, which is considered the most suitable for tourists with inclusion (people with disabilities): transport infrastructure, information centers for the provision of various services and information, accessible Internet sites, availability of special transport, adapted hotel rooms and points food, availability of tourist locations, etc.). The attention is focused on Catalonia, as a region where there is already an established mechanism for providing tourist services to inclusive tourists, but as a rule to people with disabilities. Therefore, the question arises of involving all categories of inclusive tourists, including representatives of socially vulnerable segments of the population, including pensioners. This will make it possible to equalize the rights of all citizens to rest and receive social and cultural benefits. From the point of view of economic efficiency, the process of increasing the number of tourists will be natural. This step will expand the range of travel services, increase the number of jobs and solve the problem of socializing people with inclusion. The general characteristics of the resource and infrastructural component of the Black Sea region made it possible to assess the region's capabilities, identify problems and predict the strategy of introducing inclusive tourism in the future in this region of Ukraine.

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«BUDINIA OR SCYTHIA?» THE ETHNIC AND CULTURAL BELONGING OF THE MIDDLE DON POPULATION DURING 5th—4th centuries BC

Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine ◽

10.37445/adiu.2019.02.03 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 53-66

Author(s):

V. I. Guliaev

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Natural Sciences ◽

Point Of View ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Archaeological Research ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

The 1950S ◽

Cultural Belonging

For over half a century (since the end of the 1950s), the Scythology has been discussing the location of the Scythian and non-scythian tribes mentioned by Herodotus on a geographical map. After the Scythian-Sarmatian conference in 1952 and the report of B. N. Grakov and A. I. Melyukova, most of archaeologists supported the idea that only the Black Sea steppe belonged to the Scythians, and non-scythian peoples and tribes inhabited the forest-steppe regions of the Northern Black Sea region. In this regard monuments on the Middle Don dated V—IV centuries BC began to be considered Budinia, belonging to the Budinians and Gelonians. P. D. Lieberov interpreted the Budinians as Finno-Ugric tribes. Archaeological research of the last decades (including the widespread use of the methods of the natural sciences) made it possible to revise this idea and return to the M. I. Rostovtsev and A. I. Terenozhkin point of view about the existence of a single large Scythia covering in the VII—IV centuries BC all the Northern Pontic (steppe and forest-steppe) from the Danube to the Don.

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Romanian naval dimplomacy, continuous evolution in the swirl of external diplomacy

Technium Sustainability ◽

10.47577/sustainability.v2i1.5454 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Ioan Gabriel Moise ◽

Edith-Hilde Kaiter

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Regional Security ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Special Role ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

Wide Range ◽

The World ◽

The Military ◽

The Eu

From ancient times the dominion of the seas has been a condition for gaining power and influence, and the position of a state near a sea has been an advantage for both its development and the neighboring region. Due to its geographical position, the Black Sea is a region of great importance for all actors claiming leading positions in the world hierarchy and the intensification of economic relations between the states of the region after the end of the Soviet monopoly and its connection to the world market generated auspices for a new cycle development and regional prosperity. The relocation of the EU border to the Black Sea, along with the integration of Romania and Bulgaria, brings in many economic benefits, given its dependence on oil imports, but its expansion, like that of NATO, does not only mean benefits. The EU and NATO must also take on vulnerabilities in the area, such as underperforming economies, arms, drug and human trafficking, illegal immigration or frozen conflicts, and thus try to help stabilize the region. In recent years, the military has not only played a destabilizing role, but has made a decisive contribution to ensuring the security of the Black Sea region. In this sense, the military naval forces of the riparian countries, including Romania, had a special role. Through the wide range of missions in which the Romanian Naval Forces participate in the Danubian-Pontic space, both internally and externally, in cooperation with the states bordering the Black Sea and with the NATO member states, Romania contributes to the promotion of regional security and stability. The naval diplomacy actions carried out in the last thirty years thus reveal not only the role and purpose of the Romanian Naval Forces within NATO in the actions of maintaining and consolidating good relations with the states bordering the Black Sea, as well as maintaining security with allies in the distant maritime districts. They also point out that naval diplomacy has contributed to the expression of foreign policy in different areas and with means that have increased its effect, impact and efficiency.

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The Influence of Environmental Factors on Germination of Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Seeds: Implications for Range Expansion and Management

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/wsc.2018.20 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 494-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Huseyin Önen ◽

Shahid Farooq ◽

Sonnur Tad ◽

Cumali Özaslan ◽

Hikmet Gunal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Range Expansion ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Effective Management ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Long Run ◽

Wide Range ◽

Soil Seedbank

AbstractBurcucumber (Sicyos angulatusL.) is a highly invasive vine that has become naturalized in the humid Black Sea region of Turkey, but previous to this study there was no information on the germination biology of this weed. The germination biology of three naturalized populations ofS. angulatusfrom the Black Sea region was studied in laboratory and greenhouse experiments. The germination of nondormant seeds was observed under different photoperiods, constant temperatures, and varying levels of pH, salinity, and osmotic potential. Furthermore, seedling emergence from various soil depths was investigated. The seeds of all populations proved nonphotoblastic (82% to 90%, 55% to 66%, and 48% to 56% germination under 12-, 24-, and 0-h photoperiod, respectively) and germinated over a wide range of temperatures (5 to 40 C). Seedlings emerged from all seed burial depths (0 to 15 cm); however, germination was drastically reduced (>90% reduction) beyond 6 to 8 cm. Seed germination was 30% to 38% for seeds placed on the surface and increased to 78% to 88% for seeds buried 2 cm deep, while germination was severely reduced for seeds buried 10 and 15 cm deep (8 to 12% and 0 to 6%, respectively). Seeds of all populations were found to be sensitive to osmotic and salinity stress and to highly acidic and alkaline pH levels. All populations had similar requirements for germination that are directly related to their area of naturalization. These results indicate that the species has limited potential for range expansion to arid, semiarid (nonirrigated), and relatively saline areas. However, humid, salinity-free, and frequently irrigated areas of the country are at high risk of invasion. In arable lands, deep tillage followed by shallow tillage and effective management of emerging seedlings could deplete the soil seedbank in the long run. However, there is an urgent need for effective strategies to manage the species in other nonarable areas.

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MARKETING OF PROVISION OF EDUCATIONAL TOURIST SERVICE OF THE BLACK SEA REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19

Black Sea Economic Studies ◽

10.32843/bses.64-16 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sergiy Tsviliy ◽

Darya Gurova

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Black Sea ◽

Point Of View ◽

Educational Services ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Management Decisions ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

Marketing Education ◽

Tourism Education ◽

Tourist Service

The relevance of the study is to find new ways to ensure compliance with the process of providing educational tourist services in the context of the factors of COVID-19. The modern signs of coronavirus development of universities of the Black Sea region are indicated. The fundamental issues of marketing education in tourism are identified. There is conducted a marketing study of the peculiarities of obtaining higher tourism education on the basis of studying the point of view of teachers of universities of the Black Sea region by the method of survey. A profile of the process of providing higher education for the training of specialists in the field of tourism has been compiled. Recommendations have been developed for heads of universities in order to make management decisions to improve the process of providing educational services, taking into account the factor of pedagogical potential. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the development of the marketing complex in ensuring the advantages of universities.

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Atlas of the inhabitants of the pseudo-littoral of the Sea of Azov – Black Sea coast of Crimea

10.21072/978-5-6044865-1-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

V. G. Kopiy ◽

◽

L. V. Bondarenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Sea Of Azov ◽

Species Determination ◽

Study Region ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

The Sea Of Azov ◽

Black Sea Coast ◽

Wide Range ◽

Sea Coast

The pseudo-litoral zone of the Crimean coast of the Black Sea region was explored. The study areas were located in the latitudinal direction from the extreme western point – the coast of Yarylgach Bay (the village of Mezhvodnoe) – to the extreme eastern point – Cape Takil. A study of the macrozoobenthos of the pseudo-litoral zone of the Sea of Azov was carried out in Rifov Bay and in three bays of the Kazantip Natural Reserve. The studied areas differed not only in hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics, but also in the degree of anthropogenic load. According to our data, in the pseudo-litoral zone of the Sea of Azov – Black Sea coast of Crimea, macrozoobenthos was represented by the following taxonomic groups: Polychaeta (33 species), Crustacea (36), and Mollusca (18). Representatives of Ascidiacea, Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, Oligochaeta, Pycnogonida, and Chironomidae were also registered, and their species determination was not carried out for a number of reasons; nevertheless, their presence was noted at the studied stations. Data on the distribution, ecology, and biology of species found in the study region are presented.The book will be interesting for hydrobiologists, zoologists, ecologists, students of biological faculties, and a wide range of readers.

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THEINFLUENCEOFTHEMARKETINFRASTRUCTUREFORTHEBLACKSEAREGIONDEVELOPMENT

Development of Management and Entrepreneurship Methods on Transport (ONMU) ◽

10.31375/2226-1915-2020-4-55-66 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 55-66

Author(s):

Olha Kibik ◽

◽

Volodymyr Melnik ◽

Iuliia Khaiminova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regional Development ◽

Public Administration ◽

Development Strategy ◽

Black Sea ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Hard Part ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

Cross Border ◽

Cross Border Cooperation

Transformation of regional problems into opportunities based on optimization of regional development potential is determined as one of the most important tasks of crisis management.The aim of the article is to make an assessment of the market infrastructure state of the Black Sea region and to justify the expediency of the development strategy realization, in particular, by cross-border cooperation intensifying, based on the infrastructure improvement. The study is based on the use of general scientific and special-scientific methods of scientific knowledge.The method of system analysis was used to study the preconditions of the regional development strategy formation and its successful implementation.Cross-border cooperation is an important mechanism for social and economic development, international cooperation of Ukrainian regions, in particular the Black Sea region.It has been determined that the Black Sea region should become the basis for the implementation of the direction of cross-border cooperation of the State Strategy for Regional Development until 2027.Transport potential has been identified as the most important component of the «hard» part of the infrastructure for the implementation of the strategy for the development of cross-border cooperation in the Black Sea region.Among the elements of «soft» infrastructure deserves special attention to the financial system, the education system, and the public administration system. It is justified that the goal of state regulation of regional development is to ensure sustainable development of the region, taking into account the interests of stakeholders, the main of which are society, business and the state.It is determined that the development of transport infrastructure is a common point of regional development strategies and cross-border cooperation programs.The formation of cross-border clusters on the basis of maritime transport enterprises in the region is appropriate.The existence of cross-border clusters is recognized as a prerequisite for increasing the investment attractiveness level and the regional entities innovation activity.The need to improve the tools of public administration in the field of cross-border cooperation and develop of directions to solve legal, organizational, financial, economic, social, cultural problems that arise in the process of cross-border cooperation has been identified

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Odessa catacombs as an integral part of the tourist image of the Black Sea region

Вісник Дніпропетровського університету Геологія географія ◽

10.15421/111822 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 219-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. V. Yavorska ◽

V. A. Sych ◽

K. V. Kolomiyets ◽

A. M. Shashero

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Historical Context ◽

Social Situation ◽

Art Museum ◽

Point Of View ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

Mass Tourism ◽

History Of Research ◽

History Of

The article examines the history of the Odessa catacombs, focuses on the history of research of underground labyrinths, and their gradual transformation from objects of scientific interest to tourist objects. We understand the tourist image of the region as the system of rationally and emotionally formed ideas, which are based on specific features of the territory, emphasizing its individuality from the point of view of the tourists. Tourist image always is woven into a certain historical context and social situation. Each era generates its special perception of the environment, changing the era creates a modification of tourist image of the region. The Odessa catacombs, which today are an integral part of the tourist image of the Black Sea region, also have changed in the minds of people from time to time – from their purely practical application to the production of limestone; for a while they had a negative reputation as a refuge for criminal elements, smugglers. At the beginning of the last century researchers have engaged in advanced studies of catacombs. Only in the second half of the twentieth century, the catacombs became interesting tourist destination for individual tourists, but in the 21st century and for mass tourism. Thus, the purpose of this research is to update the modern views about the catacombs and underground museums of the Black Sea region and their contribution to the formation of the tourist image of the region. The history of the formation of the catacombs shows that they are obliged to exist in their existence by the ancient Pontian limestone, which was extracted as a building material by locals. Today, the length of the catacombs of Odessa and its suburbs reaches for various data from 1.7 to 3.0 thousand kilometers; they are famous for their multistage and meandering passages of underground galleries. The first studies of the dungeons were done by the paleontologist O. Nordman, the geologist M. Barbot de Marne, T. G. Hrytsay, modern – A. Dobrolyubsky, K. Pronin, M. Baranetsky, A. Babich, V. Yudin, and others. Several museums were created for tourists: the Museum of Partisan Glory in the village of Nerubaysk, the underground Grotto of the Odessa Art Museum, the museum «Catacombs of Odessa» under the Moldavanka district and in the city center «Kantakuzen's Catacombs». The quality of images that arise in mass tourists is directly related to the process of knowledge of the territory. In this connection, the development of travel routes as a way of getting acquainted with the territory becomes especially important. Moreover, contemporary museums are interested in attracting a wide target audience; they also offer expositions of different directions from mine history to various legends about the use of dungeons, from unique paleontological finds to historical drawings and inscriptions on the walls of the catacombs. As a result of understanding the importance of the existence of such an invaluable scientific and tourist facility, as well as maintaining it in a proper condition for historical and cultural monument, influences the formation of a positive tourist image of the Black Sea region.

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Healing the Black Sea’s Patrimony: Hospitals, Health and Heritage

Balkan Journal of Philosophy ◽

10.5840/bjp202012215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 125-132

Author(s):

Oana Șerban ◽

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Cultural History ◽

Black Sea ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Main Question ◽

Black Sea Region ◽

State Hospitals ◽

Starting Point ◽

Wide Range ◽

National Monuments

The main aim of this paper is to examine the tangible forms of cultural heritage represented by European hospital buildings from states across the Black Sea that are still functional or have been closed, and that are subjected, due to the lack of sustainable financial means for conservation and restoration, to degradation, abandonment, and destruction. For the purpose of this analysis, I will tackle both elements of the operational plan of hospital buildings that have been evaluated and registered as national monuments, from the perspective of their clinical functionality, and the elements of architecture and aesthetic forms behind such structures that embrace medical canons and particularities. Therefore, hospitals will be treated as entities of tangible cultural heritage that develop, through their complementary medical and cultural history, forms of intangible cultural heritage.This wide range of buildings can be reduced to two operational categories: hospital buildings designed from the beginning to fulfil a clinical functionality, and cultural buildings – from ecumenical establishments, castles, or villas, such as hermitages and churches, to military structures, such as garrisons – which have been adapted for historical, social, or political reasons to clinical conversion. I will analyse not only the national constraints, prejudgments, and values that contributed to a certain medical and cultural imaginary of state hospitals as monuments, but also the similar strategies and cultural policies that different states across the Black Sea have adopted in preserving the memory and structure of these buildings. The main question I address is: To what extent is it possible to create a network Black Sea region state hospitals as European cultural monuments, and what advantages might this bring to the attempt to perform a more reflective and inclusive notion of European identity? The current research is designed to be a starting point for the development of transectorial public policies, which could lead to an improvement in standards for quality of life, the infrastructures of medical units, and the preservation of tangible forms of cultural heritage, such as the public state hospitals classified as monuments.

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