scholarly journals Trade Openness and the Development of Informal Economy in Enugu State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
Idoko Cordelia Ozoemena ◽  
Ohabuenyi Jonas ◽  
Ozor Adanne Chioma
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This study examines the neoliberal thesis which contends that trade openness could support the economic recuperation and development of the peripheral states. Particularly, it reviews the current trade regimes in Nigeria with a view to understanding how they impacted the livelihood of informal economy operators in Enugu state. The study argues that the dismantling of Nigeria’s territorial borders through various trade policies of government negates the development of the informal economy in Enugu state by stifling the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMES) and leading to a general decline in the income and wellbeing of small scale business operators. It notes that trade openness is a ploy by the western capitalist states to perpetuate their dominance in the international political economy to the detriment of peripheral states, whose productive forces are still at a rudimentary stage. The theoretical foundation of the study was situated within the prismatic compass of Dependency theory while triangulation of data, involving review of official documents and other relevant literature as well as the use of questionnaire was deployed in this study. From the findings, the study recommends that Nigeria should reappraise its trade policies to stimulate the development of the informal sector and enhance the wellbeing of the indigenous entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals SMEs’ competitiveness and international trade in the era of Global Value Chains (GVCs) in Tanzania: An assessment and future challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e325
Author(s):  
Francis Lwesya
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
Medium Enterprises

International trade continues to play a crucial role in economic transformation in African countries. The rise of Global Value Chains (GVCs) presents opportunities through which international trade can be effectively conducted. GVCs facilitate organization of trade, international production and investment by locating different stages of production process across varied countries. This presents opportunities to integrate Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) into global trading systems but also may generate challenges particularly to resource constrained SMEs. Reviewing the challenges for the participation in international trade and possible integration into GVCs by Tanzania’s SMEs, the results show that the major challenges for SMEs internationalization are international marketing related constraints and global competition (69%), supply side constraints (56%), unfriendly investment climate (50%) and financial constraints (37.5%). As such, the role of trade policies remains critical in mitigating some of these challenges through formulating friendly legal and regulatory frameworks, enhancing SMEs productivity by building their managerial and technical capacities, minimizing trade costs, and increasing trade openness. However, given the current global, regional and domestic developments in Tanzania, trade policies need review so as to respond to the changing global trade landscape but also promote policy harmony, coherence and complementarities among varying implementing institutions, deficiency of which is debilitating policy implementation at present

A Study on the Analytics Tool Used in Decision Making at Small and Medium Enterprise

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek N. Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Know How ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The article focuses on the study of prevailing decision making styles of Small Scale Industrial (SSI) Units. It presents data collected from 200 SSI units from Bhavnagar – a coastal city of Gujarat, India. The objective of writing the article is to depict heuristic decision patterns of small and medium enterprises, and the rare use of analytical or statistical business intelligence tools in decision making processes. It would be interesting to study the design of decision taken on routine basis in small units, poorly equipped with technology and technical know-how. The paper is descriptive in terms, and lays a lucid picture of present decision making processes.

Technical efficiency and its determinants in the Indian textile garments industry

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulla ◽  
Shiv Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Purpose This paper aims to examine technical efficiency and its determinants in Indian textile garments industry in post-agreement on textiles and clothing regime and evaluate the technical efficiency among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) firms. Design/methodology/approach This study uses unbalanced panel data for the period 2005–2010 to 2015–2016. The stochastic frontier function is used to estimate technical efficiency and its determinants. Findings The results show that the overall ecosystem of textile garments’ value chains could be improved to enhance the technical efficiency thereof. The result also reveals that small-scale firms have the highest technical efficiency scores, and medium-scale firms have the least technical efficiency score among all the categories of MSMEs. Research limitations/implications The textile garments industry needs to define its innovation strategies, as these strategies lead to different results that can be achieved only through the management of resources dedicated to the generation and implementation of innovations. Practical implications This study has shown that to offset India’s cost disadvantage in the international markets, there is a need to develop an ecosystem of textile manufacturing and value chains, eliminate the inverted duty structure (where inputs are taxed at a higher rate than the final product) and switch over from shuttle looms toward shuttle-less looms. This would unleash the potential of textile and garments industry and make it globally competitive and technically efficient. Further, there will be an alignment with the ease of doing business with an appropriate mix of policy, technology, institution, infrastructure, information and services. Originality/value Using frontier production function takes stochastic context into account for the dynamic character of technical efficiency and its components. Most of the past studies have assessed technical efficiency at the aggregate level using three-digit National Industrial Classification (NIC) or four-digit NIC code. An analysis at higher levels of aggregation masks the variation in technical efficiency. This study used five-digit NIC data to measure the firm-specific technical efficiency of the textile industry. According to the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in the Indian textile industry using stochastic frontier approach and panel data. Further, it also looks at the contribution of different determinants in technical efficiency to the firms.

ON PROPOSAL TO REGULATE ABUSE OF SUPERIOR BARGAINING POSITION: LESSONS FROM OTHER JURISDICTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Meirani Suyawan ◽  
Kurnia Togar Pandapotan Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Competition Authority ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Relevant Market ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Partnership Agreement ◽  
Draft Bill ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The latest version of the draft bill regarding Law on the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition has added new arrangements about the abuse of a superior bargaining position. The new law proposal which is intended to amend existing Indonesian competition law (Law Number 5 Year 1999) stipulates that any business actor is prohibited from abuse its superior bargaining position within a partnership agreement with other less dominant entities. Under Law Number 20 Year 2008 on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, a partnership agreement means any agreement made between micro, small and medium enterprises and large enterprises like state or privately owned national businesses, joint ventures and foreign businesses that conduct economic activities in Indonesia. For example under the Indonesian Minister of State-Owned Enterprises (SoE) Regulation No. 7 of 2015, the SoE is obligated to arrange a business partnership agreement with small scale enterprise. Unlike the arrangements on abuse of dominant position which requires the establishment of monopoly power or dominance in a relevant market, the abuse of superior bargaining position may exist without market power and only required competition authority to detect whether there is any exploitation by the counterparty in a relatively stronger bargaining position. Such a condition makes many antitrust experts or economists question the relevancy of regulating abuse of superior bargaining position under competition law. However, several jurisdictions –Japan, Korea, Taiwan, France, and Germany- have regulated the abuse of superior bargaining position under their national competition laws

Electronic Commerce Policies for Dutch SMEs

2005 ◽  
pp. 1006-1011
Author(s):  
Maria-Eugenia Iacob ◽  
Piet Boekhoudt ◽  
Freek Ebeling
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
National Income ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Dutch small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are one of The Netherlands’ most important sources of wealth creation and employment. No less than 99% of private enterprises consist of medium and small-scale businesses. They provide employment for 2.3 million people (60% of the Dutch labor force) and account for 52% of the national income generated in the private sector (www.mkb.nl/mkbnederland/english.shtml).

scholarly journals Knowledge transfer and innovation performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs): An informal economy analysis

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. e04740
Author(s):  
Ayodotun Stephen Ibidunni ◽  
Aanuoluwa Ilerioluwa Kolawole ◽  
Maxwell Ayodele Olokundun ◽  
Mercy E. Ogbari
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Economy Analysis

Fostering Environmental Performance Management within Indian SMEs

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gurudas Nulkar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Industrial Markets ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Depth Interviews

Research and discussions on environmental sustainability of businesses generally focus on large corporations. Their environmental impacts are more likely to be noticed while small and medium enterprises (SME) are largely ignored. With a small scale of operations, SMEs are generally perceived to have less environmental impacts. However, as larger corporations outsource their manufacturing to SMEs the environmental burden shifts within their supply chain. This research was conducted within manufacturing SMEs in industrial markets (B2B) in Pune, India. In depth interviews with large and small firms helped develop the conceptual model and the questionnaire. Responses from 60 SMEs were analysed. The research identified factors like owner awareness, barriers and influencers to green practices and categorized environmental practices within product life cycle. The results showed that owners with high awareness levels had advanced environmental activities. The strength of barriers and influencers was established and the author makes recommendations based on these findings.

Moderation effect of competence of knowledge and innovation: case of Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1307-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwan Usman ◽  
Haris Maupa ◽  
Muhammad Idrus ◽  
Siti Haerani ◽  
Nurjanna Nurjanna
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Medium Enterprises

PurposeThis paper examines how market orientation and competence of knowledge reinforce the innovation and in turn improve the business performance.Design/methodology/approachThis research applied research design with quantitative approach based on positivism philosophy, that is, research aimed to test the theory and data which is general to produce findings that are special through hypothesis test. This study was supplemented by field studies as a necessary source of data in the form of trends, attitudes, opinions, perceptions of owners, managers or senior employees of SMEs in the textile industry in Bali, related to the variables used in this study.Findings(1) Market orientation influences business performance, (2) competence of knowledge moderates the influence of market orientation on business performance, (3) innovation moderates the influence of market orientation on business performance.Originality/value(1) Novelty of this research is developing the concept of competence of knowledge associated with business performance in which this relationship has not yet been expressed. (2) Building the concept of innovation development of small-scale industry based on the market orientation. (3) Developing the concept of innovative development of small and medium enterprises of textile industry based on competence of knowledge. (4) Investigating the concept of market orientation and competence of knowledge in an integrated and holistic way to strengthen the innovation and business performance of SMEs of the textile industry in Bali.

scholarly journals The consequence of corona-virus (covid-19) on e-business in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqas Ashraf ◽  
Dr. Khalid Latif ◽  
Qaisar Maqbool Khan ◽  
Jahangir Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Business World ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This study investigates the consequences of Corona-virus (COVID-19) on the online business in Pakistan. COVID 19 changed the business world operations and procedures drastically. The new business norms evolved, and the human beings learned new practices for their behavior and business conduct. Developed nations like USA, UK, Italy suffered collapse of health care and economic activities. COVID-19 impacted all businesses including E-Business but the e-business is among few who got dual impact as most of the business activities are moving from physical to online that is e-business but due to the lock down e-businesses are not able to get the items on time. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and local business-es in Pakistan incurred huge losses due to the lock down and lack of facilities in developing countries like Pakistan. Some of the small-scale business permanently closed due to the COVID-19. E-Business also faces these terrible conditions in Pakistan due to the lack of government support and awareness. Many E-Commerce business imports product from China so that is the reason it is assumed that the Pakistani E-Business harshly effected by the COVID-19. This research survey shows that the COVID-19 has a negative impact on the e-Business in Pakistan.  

scholarly journals Significance of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Sector in Pakistan and Assessment of its Employment Potential

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Amjad Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Employment Potential ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Definitions and Sources Definitions: In this paper it is proposed to use the definition of selfemployed, small scale (2-9 employees), medium scale (10-99 employees) and large scale (100 employees and above) to discuss the issues relating to the Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) sector in Pakistan. The national pension (regulated through the Employees Old Age Benefit Institution Legislation) and health insurance (The Provincial Social Security Institutions Legislation) is applicable to institutions with 10 or more employees and provides a natural cut off point between the small scale and medium and large scale sectors. The cut off between the medium and large scale at 100 workers is also appropriate.

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