scholarly journals Assessment of structural body imbalances in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
D. A. Rozhdestvensky ◽  
A. A. Stafeev ◽  
S. I. Soloviev ◽  
V. S. Mheyan ◽  
A. S. Rozhdestvensky
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Primary Disorder ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is the second most common musculoskeletal disease, affecting up to 33 % of people during their lifetime. The multicomponent etiopathogenesis of the disease actualizes the use of diagnostic criteria for the early symptoms of developing functional disorders. The algorithm for preclinical examination of the TMJ must be used already in the dentist′s office, which will allow to avoid the unpredictable results of dental rehabilitation and in time to attract other specialists to the complex therapy of the patient. The etiopathogenesis of TMJ dysfunction indicates the need for a closer study of the mutual infl uence of structural imbalances in the body and dentition, the determination of the primary disorder, which will help to develop a system for the prevention of TMJ dysfunctions, and may also affect the sequence, volume and nature of the treatment for this pathology.The goal of research — to identify the relationship of structural imbalances in the body and temporomandibular joint dysfunction.Materials and methods. From September to December 2019, a prospective study of 70 volunteers among university students was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry of Omsk State Medical University. During the processing of clinical material, 6 people retired in accordance with exclusion criteria. All subjects underwent an assessment of the state of the dentofacial system, primarily the TMJ (using a short Hamburg test) and structural imbalances of the body (using the Notch Interfaces Inc. motion capture and reconstruction system). To assess the cervical-cranial relationship in the subjects who had 3–6 points according to the results of the Hamburg test, a head X-ray was make in lateral projection, and cephalometric analyzes were performed according to Rocabado and Sassuni. The presence and strength of the linear relationship between the phenomena was determined using the Pearson coefficient.Results. According to the results of the Hamburg test, a functional norm was revealed in only 12,5 % of the examined; TMJ dysfunction was revealed in the vast majority of volunteers (57,9 %). Structural imbalances of the body were detected in 82,8 % of cases. Patients with established by the results of the Hamburg test TMJ dysfunction were underwent cephalometric analysis. Structural changes in the TMJ were not found in the subjects according to the X-ray studies results. There was a high positive relationship between functional TMJ dysfunction and pelvic hyperfl exion (ρ=0,72, p<0,05), and an average positive relationship (ρ=0,55, p<0,05) between the head and neck forward tilting. A positive weak relationship was observed between the risk of TMJ dysfunction developing (2 points according to the Hamburg test) and pelvic hyperfl exion (ρ=0,31, p<0,05).Conclusion. The study showed a strong positive relationship between pelvic hyperfl exion and TMJ dysfunction signs; an average positive relationship between TMJ functional impairment and head and neck forward tilting. It was also found that in individuals with TMJ dysfunction signs there were no radiological signs of structural changes in the joint, which indicates the potential reversibility of the revealed disorders and the need for their timely detection and correction. This study is pilot and will be continued in a broader format. 

Slot-Radiography. New Possibilities of Radiation Diagnostics

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
А. Левитов ◽  
A. Levitov ◽  
В. Дога ◽  
V. Doga ◽  
Г. Белицкая ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spinal Instability ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Straight Beam ◽  
Wide Range

Slot-radiography is an x-ray examination in which a two-dimensional radiography with a straight beam and further computer stitching of the images obtained on the workstation during a single-pass of x-ray tube over a patient. The application of innovative techniques for image acquisition and processing in combination with a large-area flat panel detector (FPD) makes it possible to produce long-view images from one to several anatomical regions. During the investigation, the x-ray tube and the FPD move simultaneously at a constant speed in parallel relative to one another with the longitudinal axis of the body. Thus, it makes possible to obtain images with little distortion and processed images without visual defects. And this allows conducting more accurate diagnosis of pathological changes. Slot-radiography can be performed both in the patient’s standing position and lying down depending on the region of interest and tasks. It is possible to obtain images in both a frontal and a lateral projection without loss of quality. Slot-radiography is effectively used to diagnose pathological changes in joints and spine, including scoliosis, limb shortening, segmental spinal instability, pathology of lower limb veins, and also as a method for assessing the quality of the treatment. This technique is characterized by safety and convenience for the patient: minimal time costs and low radiation exposure. The application of this technique significantly increases the informative value of the x-ray examination, brings it to a qualitatively new level, providing a physician with a wide range of diagnostic possibilities.

scholarly journals CLINICAL ANATOMY OF RAT'S SALIVARY GLANDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
I. Herasymiuk
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Anatomy ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Outer Corner

In an experiment found that the parotid salivary gland in rats, unlike people, located on ventrolateral surface of the neck behind the ear and reach the outer part of the clavicle. Straits form three main trunks which penetrate the mouth. Mandibular salivary glands (submandibular salivary glands counterparts in humans) are located on the ventral surface of the neck, on the way from the hyoid bone to the handle of the sternum, touching each other by their medial edges. Stereometric parameters obtained branching blood vessels can form the basis for comparison and setting the dynamics of pathological changes in modeling various pathological processes. The similarity in the structural organization of organs and tissues of humans and animals determines the use of the latter for experimental modeling of pathological processes manifested in the clinic. At the same time, for a detailed understanding of the dynamics of modeled pathological conditions and an adequate interpretation of the results obtained, one should take into account the species characteristics and those differences that are characteristic of animals of different species, as well as refer to the initial values of the quantitative characteristics of their tissues, organs and systems. The spatial organization of the bloodstream was studied by contrast X-ray angiography. For this, the arterial bed was injected with an aqueous suspension of red lead. In order to eliminate the superimposed shadows of the contralateral vessels, a sagittal cut of the head was performed before X-ray angiography with the removal of the brain along with the branching of the internal carotid artery. Radiography was performed without the use of an intensifying screen in lateral projection using a Koch & Sterzel apparatus. Rats normally have four pairs of large salivary glands: parotid, mandibular, large and small sublingual. The largest are the parotid and mandibular. The features of the structure, size and location of the salivary glands in rats are determined both by the features of the structure of the skull and the horizontal position of the body, and by the features of the functional purpose of the glands themselves. The largest of the salivary glands is the parotid. The ducts are formed from three main trunks and, bypassing the masticatory muscle along the surface, penetrate into the oral cavity. To the front edge of the gland, the lacrimal gland is quite tightly attached, the duct of which passes to the outer corner of the orbit. 

scholarly journals X-RAY AND MRI CHARACTERISTICS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION OF COMPRESSION GENESIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
O. V. Rybalov ◽  
V. M. Novikov ◽  
P. I. Yatsenko ◽  
O. S. Ivanytsʹka ◽  
M. A. Korostashova
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mri Characteristics

X-ray micro tomography in the scanning electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brünger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Scanning Electron

Reconstructive tomography is a new technique in diagnostic radiology for imaging cross-sectional planes of the human body /1/. A collimated beam of X-rays is scanned through a thin slice of the body and the transmitted intensity is recorded by a detector giving a linear shadow graph or projection (see fig. 1). Many of these projections at different angles are used to reconstruct the body-layer, usually with the aid of a computer. The picture element size of present tomographic scanners is approximately 1.1 mm2.Micro tomography can be realized using the very fine X-ray source generated by the focused electron beam of a scanning electron microscope (see fig. 2). The translation of the X-ray source is done by a line scan of the electron beam on a polished target surface /2/. Projections at different angles are produced by rotating the object.During the registration of a single scan the electron beam is deflected in one direction only, while both deflections are operating in the display tube.

Great Increase of Numbers of Virus Particles by Irradiating C3H Mouse Mammary Tumors Transplanted into Male Mice

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
P. J. Melnick ◽  
J. W. Cha ◽  
E. Samouhos
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Mouse Mammary Tumors ◽  
Transplantable Tumors ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
Cobalt Radiation ◽  
Enzyme Changes

Spontaneous mammary tumors in females of a high tumor strain of C3H mice were cut into small fragments that were Implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of the back of males of the same strain, where they grew as transplantable tumors. When about Cm. In diameter daily fractional radiation was begun, applied to the tumors, the rest of the body being shielded by a lead shield. Two groups were treated with 150 and 200 r X-ray dally, of half value layer 0.6mm. copper; a third group was treated with 500 r cobalt radiation dally. The primary purpose was to examine the enzyme changes during radiation, with histochemlcal technics.

HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE INTESTINES OF POULTRY DURING FODDER INTOXICATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Dolgov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Abramov ◽  
E.V. Kuzminova ◽  
E.V. Rogaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Beet Pulp

The article presents the data on the study of the influence of mycotoxins combination (T-2 toxin at the concentration of 0.095 mg/kg and aflatoxin B1 in the concentration of 0.019 mg/kg) on the body of quails and the results of pharmacocorrection of toxicosis with a complex consisting of beet pulp and lecithin. Structural changes in the intestines of quais at fodder mycotoxicosis are described. The use of antitoxic feed additives in poultry led to a weakening of the action of xenobiotics, which was confirmed by an increase in the safety of poultry and increase in body weight of quails, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of intoxication, as well as in positive changes in the structure of the intestine of the poultry during histological examination.

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