scholarly journals Imaging of Acute Stroke patient with Covid-19: A serial case

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Wisniardhy Pradana ◽  
Yuyun Yueniwati
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Lentiform Nucleus ◽  
Acute Infarction ◽  
First Case ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
The Right

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared as a pandemic in March 2020 by WHO. Apart from respiratory symptoms, COVID-19 is also associated with various neurological manifestations, one of which is stroke. We reported three cases with diagnosis of stroke in confirmed COVID-19 patients. Case Presentation: Head CT scan without contrast in the three reported cases showed different types of strokes. The first case showed ischemia in the right insular lobe and right parietal lobe. The second case showed intracerebral hemorrhage in the left thalamus and intraventricular hemorrhage, whereas the third case showed acute infarction in right frontotemporal lobe, right lentiform nucleus, right insular cortex, that supports prelenticulostriate segment I MCA embolism. Conclusion: CT scan is an important imaging modality in stroke cases both in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases. CT scans are good at detecting the presence of bleeding, widely available, faster to operate, and less expensive than MRI. The types of stroke in COVID-19 patients can appear as different types of stroke. Generally, it appears as ischemic stroke, but hemorrhagic stroke can also occur with a less frequent occurrence. Further research is needed to explain the exact correlation between stroke and COVID-19.

Intracranial sparganosis: an uncommon infection

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Anders ◽  
Kevin Foley ◽  
W. Eugene Stern ◽  
W. Jann Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Right ◽  
Clinical And Pathological Features ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The first case of intracranial sparganosis to be reported from the United States is presented. The patient, a 27-year-old woman, complained of focal seizures involving the right lower extremity. A left parietal parasagittal craniotomy was performed, and a granuloma containing a sparganum was excised from the parietal lobe. The clinical and pathological features of sparganosis are reviewed. Only five cases of intracranial sparganosis have previously been described.

scholarly journals Proper Imaging Modality in Medial Orbital Wall and Blowout Fracture

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunia Irawati ◽  
Carennia Paramita ◽  
Dian Farikha
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Orbital Fracture ◽  
Movement Restriction ◽  
Eyelid Margin ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blowout Fracture ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
Ocular Movement ◽  
The Right

A 27-year-old man was first seen 4 weeks after his right eye being accidently hit by branches of tree. He complained of diplopia which was significant on the right gaze. There were partial thickness superior and inferior eyelid rupture and full thickness superior eyelid margin laceration (which got repaired), hematoma, and swelling of the right eye. Orbital x-ray demonstrated no abnormality. However, orbital CT Scan was eventually obtained and it showed medial wall and orbital floor fracture of the right eye, hence, we planned to do the reconstruction of orbital fracture. We concluded that patient with severe soft tissue swelling, unclear ocular movement restriction and diplopia with normal orbital X-ray should undergo orbital CT scan, as it is the best radiologic imaging in establishing an orbital wall fracture. This case report will discuss the importance on determining a proper imaging modality in blowout fracture.

scholarly journals Computerized tomography scan findings of a patient with severe enterocolitis associated with the coronavirus disease 2019: a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunari Takifuji ◽  
Hiroshi Terasawa ◽  
Masami Oka ◽  
Masaki Sahara ◽  
Tomoko Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Bloody Stool ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
First Case ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Chain Reaction Test

Abstract Background: Currently, there is no available study about the occurrence of enterocolitis associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among adults. Case presentation: A 56-year-old man had lower abdominal pain, distension, diarrhea, and bloody stool. Moreover, the patient presented with fever and general fatigue. Laboratory examination did not reveal leukocytosis nor neutrophilia. However, the patient’s C-reactive protein level increased to 4.9 (normal range: 0.0–0.3) mg/dL. Both sputum and stool cultures had normal results. However, abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed wall thickness mainly in the submucosal layer of the left part of the large intestine. Thus, real-time polymerase chain reaction test of throat swabs was performed for the diagnosis of COVID-19, and positive results were obtained. Conclusions: We report the first case of enterocolitis correlated to COVID-19, and the patient had positive abdominal CT scan findings. This imaging modality could be effective for the diagnosis of enterocolitis associated with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Cecal dermoid masquerading dermoid cyst of ovary: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Subhadarshan Mishra ◽  
Saubhagya Kumar Jena ◽  
Supriya Kumari ◽  
Suvendu Purkait ◽  
Pavithra Ayyanar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Mature Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
First Case ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background The ovary is the most common site of occurrence of mature cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts). These are the most common ovarian germ cell tumor in the reproductive age group, accounting for 10–20% of all ovarian neoplasms, with a 1–2% risk of malignancy. A cecal dermoid cyst is a rare entity with only ten cases having been reported so far, eight of which could be retrieved as the rest were reported in different languages. None of these cases were managed laparoscopically. Here we present the first case of cecal dermoid managed laparoscopically. Case presentation A 35-year-old nulliparous Indian Hindu woman presented with complaints of on and off abdominal pain for 10 months. The abdominal examination revealed a well-defined mass of about 10 × 5 cm size, palpable in the right iliac fossa. On sonography, it was suggestive of a right-sided ovarian dermoid cyst. The lesion measured 10 × 7 × 5 cm on a contrast-enhanced computed tomogram (CT) scan. It was well defined and hypodense and located in the right lower abdomen. The ovarian tumor markers were normal. On laparoscopy, the uterus, bilateral tubes, and ovaries were found to be healthy. The cyst was seen arising from the right medial wall of the cecum at the ileocecal junction, which was excised laparoscopically. Histopathological study revealed it to be a mature cystic teratoma. Conclusion Ovarian mature cystic teratoma commonly has an indolent course and can present with palpable abdominal mass, pain, or vomiting due to complications like torsion, hemorrhage, or infection. Alternatively, these cysts can be asymptomatic and incidentally detected. Clinicians should be aware of the variety of presentations of dermoid cysts of the bowel as well as mesentery. The exact location of the teratoma eluded us till the laparoscopy despite adequate imaging including a contrast-enhanced CT scan having been performed preoperatively. We are reporting this as it is a rare entity, and this knowledge will help gynecologists and surgeons make an appropriate surgical decision.

scholarly journals Treatment with High Dose Rifampicin in Tuberculous Meningitis: A Case Report

Medicinus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Retno J Ketaren ◽  
Vonny Goenawan ◽  
Jennifer Simca
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Communicating Hydrocephalus ◽  
Left Frontal Lobe ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Acute Infarction ◽  
The Right

<p class="m-1735312214968439241gmail-paragraph"><strong>Introduction</strong><strong> </strong><strong>:</strong> Tuberculous meningitis continues to be associated with considerable mortality and morbidity.A randomized comparison of higher-dose intravenous rifampicin (approximately 13 mg/kg per day) versus a standard oral dose in adults with tuberculous meningitis showed that mortality among patients who received higher intravenous dose was 50% lower than those who received the standard dose.<sup>1 </sup>While there are other contradictory results regarding the use of high-dose rifampicin in patients with tuberculous meningitis.</p><p class="m-1735312214968439241gmail-paragraph"><strong>Method</strong><strong>  :</strong> We hereby report a case of a 20-year-old female patient presented with a history of fever, palpable neck lymph nodes and headache since 1 month before admission. Neurological examination revealed nuchal rigidity without other neurological deficits. Head MRI  with contrast showed meningitis with tuberculoma in the right parietal lobe +/- 0.4 cm and neck ultrasonography showed multiple lymphadenopathy with 1 cm in diameter. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed tuberculous meningitis. The patient had been treated with rifampicin 450 mg, other tuberculosis regiments, levofloxacin, and dexamethasone. After one week of treatment, the patient developed generalized seizure and deterioration of consciousness. Imaging re-evaluation showed multiple acute infarction in the cortical and subcortical left frontal lobe, bilateral insula, bilateral temporal lobe, right parietal lobe to the corpus callosum, more prominent leptomeningeal contrast, and communicating hydrocephalus. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt was done. The patient was then treated with a higher dose of Rifampicin (15 mg/kg ~ 900 mg) and showed improvement after 2 weeks of treatment without any abnormal laboratory findings.</p><p class="Body"><strong>Conclusion   : </strong>The usage of high dose rifampicin is still controversial. From this case we can conclude that by giving high dose rifampicin, the patient has a better outcome without any significant side effects. Thus, we support the hypothesis of using high-dose rifampicin in  patients with tuberculous meningitis that does not respond to the standard treatment.</p>

scholarly journals Acute prolonged motor aura resembling ischemic stroke after COVID − 19 vaccination (CoronaVac): the first case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanakorn Rattanawong ◽  
Wasan Akaratanawat ◽  
Supatporn Tepmongkol ◽  
Aurauma Chutinet ◽  
Jarturon Tantivatana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Left Hemiparesis ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Acute Infarction ◽  
First Case ◽  
Case Presentations ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background We report the first case of a patient who suffered transient focal neurological deficit mimicking stroke following CoronaVac vaccination. However, instead of an ischemic stroke, motor aura was suspected. Case presentations A 24 year-old Thai female presented with left hemiparesis fifteen minutes after receiving CoronaVac. She also had numbness of her left arm and legs, flashing lights, and headaches. On physical examination, her BMI was 32.8. Her vital signs were normal. She had moderate left hemiparesis (MRC grade III), numbness on her left face, arms, and legs. Her weakness continued for 5 days. A brain CT scan was done showing no evidence of acute infarction. Acute treatment with aspirin was given. MRI in conjunction with MRA was performed in which no restricted diffusion was seen. A SPECT was performed to evaluate the function of the brain showing significant hypoperfusion of the right hemisphere. The patient gradually improved and was discharged. Discussions In this study, we present the first case of stroke mimic after CoronaVac vaccination. After negative imaging studies had been performed repeatedly, we reach a conclusion that stroke is unlikely to be the cause. Presumably, this phenomenon could possibly have abnormal functional imaging study. Therefore, we believed that it might be due to cortical spreading depression, like migraine aura, which we had conducted a literature review.

scholarly journals Chronic Granulomatous Disease with Associated IgG4-Related Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Enayat ◽  
Mazdak Fallahi ◽  
Mehrnaz Mesdaghi ◽  
Saeid Sadr ◽  
Maryam Kazemi Aghdam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chronic Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
First Case ◽  
Mediastinal Metastasis ◽  
The Right

Abstract BackgroundIgG4-related disease (IgG4RD) may initially present with pulmonary pseudotumor, making the diagnosis challenging particularly in patients prone to granulomatous inflammation. Here, we describe the first case of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) with associated IgG4RD.Case presentationAn 8.5-year-old male was hospitalized two years ago with exertional dyspnea, mild cough, chest pain, and nocturnal sweating and was found to have a tumor-like mass in the right lung. The histopathologic findings were consistent with non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, central neutrophilic micro-abscess, and extensive peripheral fibrosis without any evidence for acid-fast bacilli or fungal elements. Treatment with prednisolone resulted in considerable symptom resolution. After 15 months, following the discontinuation of prednisolone by the patient, symptoms recurred, gradually exacerbated, and he developed anorexia and weight loss. The next chest spiral computed tomography (CT) scan showed a larger mass in the right lung, right lung collapse, and mediastinal metastasis. The abdominal ultrasound and CT scan were normal. In laboratory evaluation, low counts of B and T cells, normal natural killer (NK) cells, high levels of IgG4, and high inflammatory markers were detected. The nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) test was zero in two consecutive evaluations. In virtue of high IgG4 level, the immunostaining of lung specimen was performed which was inconclusive for IgG4+cells, and staining for CD138 was not available. He was diagnosed with concurrent CGD and IgG4RD, but progressed to respiratory failure and died despite the reinstitution of steroid therapy.ConclusionsThe overlap between inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) and IgG4RD is not common. Further studies to investigate IgG subsets among IEI patients can help elucidate clinicopathological correlations between these two immune-mediated disorders.

scholarly journals Intraoperative cortical mapping of visuospatial functions in parietal low-grade tumors: changing perspectives of neurophysiological mapping

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. E4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Talacchi ◽  
Giovanna Maddalena Squintani ◽  
Barbara Emanuele ◽  
Vincenzo Tramontano ◽  
Barbara Santini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Cortical Mapping ◽  
Neurophysiological Monitoring ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Visuospatial Functions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Language Areas

Object The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of intraoperative visuospatial mapping with the same criteria currently used to define essential language areas. Methods The authors compared surgical procedures in 2 patients with similar tumors (Grade II oligodendroglioma in the right parietal lobe) undergoing awake, image-assisted surgery for lesion removal with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. The line bisection task was used in both patients but with different criteria. Results In the first case, the authors respected any area, even within the tumor, where significant interference was found (a stimulation-induced error in 2 of 3 applications defined an essential area). In the second case, they removed 1 essential area located in the tumor and recorded an uneventful clinical response soon thereafter. They continued to monitor the patient without stimulation and stopped the resection when the patient was close to the criteria valid for defining spatial neglect. The signs of spatial neglect were present for 3 days postoperatively and then cleared spontaneously. Subtotal tumor removal was achieved in both cases. Conclusions Evidence in the present study reveals that areas for visuospatial functions cannot be assessed with the same criteria used for language functions, since essential areas located in the tumor can be safely removed.

Adult-to-Adult Living-Donor Liver Transplantation

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majno ◽  
Mentha ◽  
Berney ◽  
Bühler ◽  
Giostra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Living Donor ◽  
Living Donor Liver Transplantation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Donor Liver ◽  
Donor Liver Transplantation ◽  
Multidisciplinary Program ◽  
First Case ◽  
Living Donor Transplantation ◽  
The Right

Living donor liver transplantation is a relatively new procedure in which the right side of the liver is harvested in a healthy donor and transplanted into a recipient. After the first case in 1994, over 3000 cases have been done worldwide. This review summarizes the reasons why the procedure is needed, describes its main technical aspects, highlights the boundaries in which it can be done safely, summarizes the current experience worldwide and describes the main points of the program in our unit. We argue that living-donor transplantation is a viable alternative to a long time on the waiting list for several patients, and it can be performed safely and successfully provided that all precautions are undertaken to minimize the risks in the donor and to increase the chances of a good outcome in the recipients. If these prerequisites are met, and within the framework of a structured multidisciplinary program, we believe that living-donor liver transplantation should be funded by health insurances as a recognized therapeutic option.

Neural Underpinnings of Numerical and Spatial Cognition: An fMRI Meta-Analysis of Brain Regions Associated with Symbolic Number, Arithmetic, and Mental Rotation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Hawes ◽  
H Moriah Sokolowski ◽  
Chuka Bosah Ononye ◽  
Daniel Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Number Representation ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Symbolic Number

Where and under what conditions do spatial and numerical skills converge and diverge in the brain? To address this question, we conducted a meta-analysis of brain regions associated with basic symbolic number processing, arithmetic, and mental rotation. We used Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) to construct quantitative meta-analytic maps synthesizing results from 86 neuroimaging papers (~ 30 studies/cognitive process). All three cognitive processes were found to activate bilateral parietal regions in and around the intraparietal sulcus (IPS); a finding consistent with shared processing accounts. Numerical and arithmetic processing were associated with overlap in the left angular gyrus, whereas mental rotation and arithmetic both showed activity in the middle frontal gyri. These patterns suggest regions of cortex potentially more specialized for symbolic number representation and domain-general mental manipulation, respectively. Additionally, arithmetic was associated with unique activity throughout the fronto-parietal network and mental rotation was associated with unique activity in the right superior parietal lobe. Overall, these results provide new insights into the intersection of numerical and spatial thought in the human brain.

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