scholarly journals Impact of Toronto’s Avenues & Mid-rise Building Guidelines on Solar Energy Generation Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Garic
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Built Form ◽  
Solar Access ◽  
The Impact

As cities grow, strategies for how and where to accommodate growth are increasingly important. Similarly, renewable energy is gaining importance as a means of reducing our dependency on fossil fuels and other non-renewables, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and pollution, and creating energy resiliency at a local level. The purpose of this Major Research Project is to determine the impact the Mid-Rise Building Performance Standards, from the City of Toronto’s 2010 Avenues and Mid-Rise Building Study, have on solar access and to quantify the potential of energy generation using solar photovoltaic systems along the Avenues in Toronto. What impact do the Performance Standards have on solar access to mid-rise buildings along the Avenues? The research concludes that low-podium built form provides the most benefit for the study area – Eglinton Avenue West, at Bathurst Street: the porous street-wall built-form, as outlined in the Mid-Rise Building Performance Standards, provides the highest solar energy generation and energy savings potential.

scholarly journals Impact of Toronto’s Avenues & Mid-rise Building Guidelines on Solar Energy Generation Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Garic
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Built Form ◽  
Solar Access ◽  
The Impact

As cities grow, strategies for how and where to accommodate growth are increasingly important. Similarly, renewable energy is gaining importance as a means of reducing our dependency on fossil fuels and other non-renewables, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and pollution, and creating energy resiliency at a local level. The purpose of this Major Research Project is to determine the impact the Mid-Rise Building Performance Standards, from the City of Toronto’s 2010 Avenues and Mid-Rise Building Study, have on solar access and to quantify the potential of energy generation using solar photovoltaic systems along the Avenues in Toronto. What impact do the Performance Standards have on solar access to mid-rise buildings along the Avenues? The research concludes that low-podium built form provides the most benefit for the study area – Eglinton Avenue West, at Bathurst Street: the porous street-wall built-form, as outlined in the Mid-Rise Building Performance Standards, provides the highest solar energy generation and energy savings potential.

A short-term decline in anthropogenic emission of CO2 in India due to COVID-19 confinement

2020 ◽  
pp. 030913332096674
Author(s):  
Bikash Ranjan Parida ◽  
Somnath Bar ◽  
Nilendu Singh ◽  
Bakimchandra Oinam ◽  
Arvind Chandra Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Total Change ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation

To curb the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19), confinement measures were undertaken, which altered the pattern of energy consumption and India’s anthropogenic CO2 emissions during the effective lockdowns periods (January to June 2020). Such changes are being analyzed using data of energy generated from coal and renewable sources and fossil-based daily CO2 emissions. Results revealed that coal-fired (fossil-based) energy generation fell by –13% in March, –29% in April, and –20% in May, and –16.6% in mid-June 2020 as compared with the same period in 2018–2019. Conversely, the renewable energy generation increased by 19% in March, 12% in April, 17% in May, and 7% in June 2020. The share of fossil-based energy fell by –6.55% in 2020 compared with mean levels, which was further offset by increases of renewable energy. India’s daily fossil-based CO2 emissions fell by –11.6% (–5 to –25.7%) by mid-June 2020 compared with mean levels of 2017–2019 with total change in fossil-based CO2 emission by –139 (–62 to –230) MtCO2, with the largest reduction in the industry (–41%), transport (–28.5%), and power (–21%) followed by the public (–5.4%), and aviation (–4%) sectors. If some levels of lockdown persist until December 2020, both energy consumption and CO2 emissions patterns would be below the 2019 level. The nationwide lockdown has led to a reduction in anthropogenic CO2 emissions and, subsequently, improved air quality and global environment and has also helped in reducing atmospheric CO2 concentrations at the local level but not on the global level. With suitable government policies, switching to a cleaner mode of energy generation other than fossil fuels could be a viable option to minimize CO2 emissions under increasing demand for energy.

scholarly journals An Optimization-Based Supervisory Control and Coordination Approach for Solar-Load Balancing in Building Energy Management

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1215
Author(s):  
James Allen ◽  
Ari Halberstadt ◽  
John Powers ◽  
Nael H. El-Farra
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Building Loads

This work considers the problem of reducing the cost of electricity to a grid-connected commercial building that integrates on-site solar energy generation, while at the same time reducing the impact of the building loads on the grid. This is achieved through local management of the building’s energy generation-load balance in an effort to increase the feasibility of wide-scale deployment and integration of solar power generation into commercial buildings. To realize this goal, a simulated building model that accounts for on-site solar energy generation, battery storage, electrical vehicle (EV) charging, controllable lighting, and air conditioning is considered, and a supervisory model predictive control (MPC) system is developed to coordinate the building’s generation, loads and storage systems. The main aim of this optimization-based approach is to find a reasonable solution that minimizes the economic cost to the electricity user, while at the same time reducing the impact of the building loads on the grid. To assess this goal, three objective functions are selected, including the peak building load, the net building energy use, and a weighted sum of both the peak load and net energy use. Based on these objective functions, three MPC systems are implemented on the simulated building under scenarios with varying degrees of weather forecasting accuracy. The peak demand, energy cost, and electricity cost are compared for various forecast scenarios for each MPC system formulation, and evaluated in relation to a rules-based control scheme. The MPC systems tested the rules-based scheme based on simulations of a month-long electricity consumption. The performance differences between the individual MPC system formulations are discussed in the context of weather forecasting accuracy, operational costs, and how these impact the potential of on-site solar generation and potential wide-spread solar penetration.

scholarly journals A short review on the advancement in the development of TiO2 and ZnO based photo-anodes for the application of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Dye Loading ◽  
Photovoltaic Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Population growth significantly expanding the boundaries of residential areas and living standards for humankind results in a tremendous increase in energy consumption. Unlike fossil fuels, which are found only in a few sites and non-renewable sources, solar energy is renewable and freely available in every part of the world. A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a suitable electrochemical device to harness solar energy to produce power and is advantageous for its simplicity and inexpensive cost. Variations in photo-electrodes micro/nanostructure shape, doping, size, and crystal phase can improve the DSSCs performance by enhancing dye loading, improved light scattering ability, and/or faster electron transit and longer electron lifetime. The high yielding techniques for producing diverse morphologies for nanoparticles with appropriate band gaps might thus be considered another feasible strategy for improving cell performance. The impact of influencing parameters on photovoltaic characteristics of photo-anode for DSSC application is investigated in this review article. The descriptions are presented by compiling a list of relevant literature reports.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE FUTURE OF THE OIL INDUSTRY AT GLOBAL, REGIONAL AND LOCAL LEVEL

Neft i gaz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (120) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
V.P. TUDORACHE ◽  
◽  
N. ILIAS ◽  
D. FODOR ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Falling oil prices raise questions about the future of the energy industry globally, regionally and locally, as well as the role of fossil fuels in the transition to a more sustainable energy future after the pandemic. The global economy is already undergoing an energy transition from fossil fuels to more sustainable energy sources. Renewable energy is increasingly deflationary, and oil prices will have to compete with it, despite falling oil prices driven by the economy and pandemic. It is not known what life will look like in the post-«COVID-19» oil industry, even if oil demand returns to normal, supply consumption will take some time. We may see further diversification in the energy market and for renewable energy to play a greater role. However, it is important that energy resources are balanced in a sustainable and equitable way that supports the growth of the V.P. TUDORACHE1*, Associate Professor PhD. Eng. at Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, Vice-President of A.G.I.R. Prahova branch. N. ILIAS2 , Professor PhD. Eng. at University of Petrosani, Member of the Academy for Technical Sciences of Romania,President of the Section Oil, Mine and Geonomy Engineering D. FODOR2 , Professor PhD. Eng. at University of Petrosani, Universitatii, no. 20, code 3332006, Petrosani, Hunedoara, Romania, and Member of the Academy for Technical Sciences of Romania, Member of the International Mining Committee 1* Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected] https://doi.org/10.37878/2708-0080/2020-5.035 6 НЕФТЬ И ГАЗ 2020 6 (120) COVID-19 И НЕФТЯНАЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТЬ world economy. The objective of the United Nations Sustainable Development to ensure access to "affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all" will be largely based on policy makers, company strategies and prices

The contribution of spatiotemporal modelling to spatial planning instruments on the local level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Lichtenwoehrer ◽  
Georg Neugebauer ◽  
Lore Abart-Heriszt ◽  
Franz Suppan ◽  
Gernot Stoeglehner
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Added Value

<p>In the course of the energy transition, spatial and temporal aspects of energy demand and renewable energy supply are increasingly coming to the forefront of scientific studies and political debates. In this context, the use of spatiotemporal models has been identified as a decisive methodology for integrated spatial and energy planning. However, the transformation of spatiotemporal results into concrete spatial planning instruments has not yet been sufficiently discussed. Therefore, this research aims to provide answers by using specific results of a case study in Austria. In the case study evaluation, energy demand is considered in high spatial resolution using statistic data in 250m raster cells as a basis. The results are supplemented with an assessment of high spatio-temporal solar energy potentials. Taking these results as a basis, the following questions are addressed: How can spatial and temporal evaluations of energy demand and supply support the energy transition by means of spatial planning on the local level? What measures with respect to renewable energy generation, storage and grid capacity can be derived and which effects are expected to be achieved? With respect to renewable energy provision, initial results reveal added value for the spatial delimitation of district heating supply areas. Further, building integrated solar energy generation reveals high shares of excess energy – both thermal and electric – which has to be properly used, taking into account different sectors of energy demand. As a consequence, the results of this research also offer the opportunity to reflect on the benefits of sector coupling, as well as the new organization of energy supply via energy communities.</p>

IMPACT OF HYDROGEN ON THE ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
J. Nowotny ◽  
T. N. Veziroglu
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Direct Combustion ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

The present work considers the impact of hydrogen fuel on the environment within the cycles of its generation and combustion. Hydrogen has been portrayed by the media as a fuel that is environmentally clean because its combustion results in the formation of harmless water. However, hydrogen first must be generated. The effect of hydrogen generation on the environment depends on the production process and the related byproducts. Hydrogen available on the market at present is mainly generated by using steam reforming of natural gas, which is a fossil fuel. Its byproduct is CO2, which is a greenhouse gas and its emission results in global warming and climate change. Therefore, hydrogen generated from fossil fuels is contributing to global warming to the similar extent as direct combustion of the fossil fuels. On the other hand hydrogen obtained from renewable energy, such solar energy, is environmentally clean during the cycles of its generation and combustion. Consequently, the introduction of hydrogen economy must be accompanied by the development of hydrogen that is environmentally friendly. The present work considers several aspects related to the generation and utilisation of hydrogen obtained by steam reforming and solar energy conversion (solar-hydrogen).

scholarly journals AEROSOL INFLUENCE ON PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY GENERATION FOR THE STATE OF GOIÁS (BRAZIL)

2020 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W12-2020 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
C. R. Silveira Júnior ◽  
G. C. Luiz ◽  
G. A. S. Barbosa ◽  
L. G. C. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
Geostationary Satellites ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The presence of aerosols in atmosphere has the potential to decrease the efficiency of solar photovoltaic energy generation. The central region of Brazil presents a remarkable growth of these aerosols between March and October, when the region undergoes a period of intensive slash and burn agriculture. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of this anthropogenic aerosol on electric power generation by comparing data from geostationary satellites with photovoltaic power generation data.

scholarly journals Impact Analysis of Renewable Energy based Generation in West Africa – A case study of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Temitope M. Adeyemi-Kayode ◽  
◽  
Sanjay Misra ◽  
Robertas Damaševičius ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
The Impact

The limited supply of fossil fuels, constant rise in the demand of energy and the importance of reducing greenhouse emissions has brought about the adoption of renewable energy sources for generation of electrical power. In this paper, the impact of renewable energy generation in Nigeria is explored. A review of renewable deposits in Nigeria with a focus on Solar, Biomass, Hydropower, Pumped Storage Hydro and Ocean energy is detailed. The impact of renewable energy-based generation is assessed from three different dimensions: Economic Impact, Social Impact and Environmental Impact. In accessing economic impact; the conditions are employment and job creation, gross domestic product (GDP) growth and increase in local research and development. To analyze the social impact; renewable energy education, renewable energy businesses, ministries and institutes, renewable energy projects and investments as well as specific solar and wind projects across Nigeria were considered. Also, environmental issues were discussed. Similarly, policy imperatives for renewable energy generation in Nigeria was provided. This paper would be useful in accessing the successes Nigeria has experienced so far in the area of sustainable development and the next steps to achieving universal energy for all in Nigeria in 2030.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact Associated with the Supply Chain and Production of Grounding and Roasting Coffee through Life Cycle Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Giraldi-Díaz ◽  
Lorena De Medina-Salas ◽  
Eduardo Castillo-González ◽  
Rosario León-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Product System ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
The Impact

Coffee is the beverage resulting from the infusion of roasted and ground seeds of the coffee fruit. It is one of the most commercialized products in the world and represents a high interest agro-industrial product in Mexico. The demand for this product has grown in great measure in the last decade, thus it is becoming more important to make environmental and energetic evaluations of its manufacturing process. In this sense, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a useful tool for the purposes of this study, as it quantifies the wake of environmental impacts associated to the production and supply chain from its inputs and outputs of the product system. Therefore, the impact categories studied were carbon, energetic, and water footprints. The cultivation phase led to global contributions between 61% and 67% in magnitude for energy and carbon footprints, respectively; meanwhile, the coffee benefit process was the phase with the most contributions to the water footprint (54%). The residual biomass from the product system used as the energy supply within the coffee drying sub-phase represented energy savings of around 41% in comparison to the use of conventional fossil fuels, thus reducing the global impact associated to the system’s product.

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