scholarly journals Investigation on the capacity of TL-5 GFRP-reinforced concrete bridge barrier-deck anchorage subjected to transverse vehicle impact loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gledis Dervishhasani
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Pullout Capacity ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Gfrp Bar ◽  
Normal Strength ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Barrier Wall ◽  
Deck Slab

A new Ontario-based glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar manufacturer developed high-modulus (HM) GFRP bars with headed ends for use in bridge construction. This thesis presents a structural qualification procedure to qualify the use of the developed GFRP bars in concrete bridge barriers-deck joint. The thesis is comprised of two phases. The first phase includes an experimental program to investigate the pullout capacity of the GFRP bar anchorage in normal strength concrete. In phase two, three sets of full-scale TL-5 barrier wall-deck system of 900 mm length were cast and tested to-collapse. The first set incorporated headed-end GFRP bars to connect the barrier wall to a deck slab cantilever for better pre-installed anchorage. The second set is identical to the first set but for non-deformable thick deck slab. The third set incorporated post-installed GFRP bars in non-deformable thick deck slab using a commercial epoxy adhesive. Experimental capacities of the tested specimen were then correlated with factored applied moments given by the 2006 Commentaries of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code and available equations in the literature. Based on the experimental findings, conclusions and recommendations were drawn.

scholarly journals Investigation on the capacity of TL-5 GFRP-reinforced concrete bridge barrier-deck anchorage subjected to transverse vehicle impact loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gledis Dervishhasani
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Pullout Capacity ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Gfrp Bar ◽  
Normal Strength ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Barrier Wall ◽  
Deck Slab

A new Ontario-based glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar manufacturer developed high-modulus (HM) GFRP bars with headed ends for use in bridge construction. This thesis presents a structural qualification procedure to qualify the use of the developed GFRP bars in concrete bridge barriers-deck joint. The thesis is comprised of two phases. The first phase includes an experimental program to investigate the pullout capacity of the GFRP bar anchorage in normal strength concrete. In phase two, three sets of full-scale TL-5 barrier wall-deck system of 900 mm length were cast and tested to-collapse. The first set incorporated headed-end GFRP bars to connect the barrier wall to a deck slab cantilever for better pre-installed anchorage. The second set is identical to the first set but for non-deformable thick deck slab. The third set incorporated post-installed GFRP bars in non-deformable thick deck slab using a commercial epoxy adhesive. Experimental capacities of the tested specimen were then correlated with factored applied moments given by the 2006 Commentaries of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code and available equations in the literature. Based on the experimental findings, conclusions and recommendations were drawn.

scholarly journals GFRP Bars Anchorage Resistance in a GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge Barrier

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2485
Author(s):  
Michael Rostami ◽  
Khaled Sennah ◽  
Saman Hedjazi
Keyword(s):  
Bending Moment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Transverse Load ◽  
Small Radius ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
State Highway ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Experimental Findings

In the present paper, experimental and numerical investigations were conducted on concrete bridge barriers utilizing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars with a hook at their ends. Implementation of these hooked bars instead of the bent bars or headed-end bars in the bridge barriers presented in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) was investigated on American Association for State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) test level 5 (TL-5) concrete bridge barriers. This research aimed to reach a cost effective and safe anchorage method for GFRP bars at the barrier–deck junction, compared to the conventional bend bars or headed-end bars. Therefore, an experimental program was developed and performed to qualify the use of the recently-developed, small radius hooked bars at the barrier–deck junction. The experimental findings were compared with the design factored applied transverse load specified in CHBDC for the design of the barrier–deck junction as well as factored applied bending moment obtained at the barrier–deck junction using a recently-conducted finite-element modeling. Satisfactory behavior for the developed hooked GFRP bars as well as their anchorage resistance was established and a reasonable factor of safety in design of barrier–deck joint was achieved.

Ultimate capacity of barrier–deck anchorage in MTQ TL-5 barrier reinforced with headed-end, high-modulus, sand-coated GFRP bars

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rostami ◽  
Khaled Sennah ◽  
Hamdy M. Afefy
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Embedment Depth ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Deck Slab

This paper presents an experimental program to justify the barrier design at the barrier–deck junction when compared to the factored applied transverse vehicular loading specified in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC). Compared to the dimensioning and the glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar detailing of a recently crash-tested GFRP-reinforced barrier, the adopted barrier configurations in this paper were similar to those specified by Ministry of Transportation of Québec (MTQ) for TL-5 barrier except that the base of the barrier was 40 mm narrower and the deck slab is of 200 mm thickness, leading to reduction in the GFRP embedment depth into the deck slab. Four full-scale TL-5 barrier specimens were tested to collapse. Correlation between the experimental findings and the factored applied moments from CHBDC equivalent vehicle impact forces resulting from the finite-element modelling of the barrier–deck system was conducted followed by recommendations for use of the proposed design in highway bridges in Québec.

FE Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks with Glass-FRP Composite Bars

2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 776-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Huang ◽  
Jonathan Davis
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bridge Decks ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Design Strength ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Concrete Bridge Decks ◽  
Gfrp Bar

In order to resolve the steel corrosion problem in bridge decks, glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) has been recommended as a substitute to the conventional steel reinforcement in bridge decks. However, the use of GFRP bars in bridge decks is still limited by several concerns, including the long-term durability of GFRP bars in the concrete under sustained loadings. Literature review showed that the tensile strength reduction of the GFRP bar should be governed by the sustained stress level in the GFRP bar. In this regard, a GFRP reinforced concrete deck was simulated in this paper, aiming to investigate the sustained stress levels in the GFRP bars through three dimensional finite element (FE) modeling. Per AASHTO LRFD specifications, one lane loaded and two lane loaded cases were examined to identify the maximum tensile strains in the internal GFRP bars subjected to dead loads and HL-93 design loadings. The FE results showed that the maximum tensile stresses in GFRP bars under service loads were less than 1% of the GFRP design strength, which implied that the GFRP bars could have excellent long-term performance in real concrete bridge decks.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Pull-out Strength of Pre- and Post-Installed GFRP bars for Bridge Barrier Construction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Abolghasem
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Pullout Capacity ◽  
Pullout Strength ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Pull Out Strength

This study aims at providing research information on the pullout capacity of straight and headed-end GFRP bars embedded in bridge deck slab as pre-installed anchors for new bridge barrier-deck construction and as post-installed anchors for the replacement of deteriorated bridge barriers. In Phase I of this research, the pullout capacity of pre-installed ribbed-surface GFRP bars in twin- and triple-bar groups were investigated experimentally, considering different bar size, spacing and embedment depths. In phase II of this research, the pullout capacity of post-installed sand-coated and ribbed-surface GFRP bars were investigated experimentally considering different bar size and embedment depths and adhesive types. The experimental findings were compared with available experimental results and pullout formulas. Design values for the pullout strength of the GFRP bars as pre- and post-installed anchors in concrete were deduced.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Pull-out Strength of Pre- and Post-Installed GFRP bars for Bridge Barrier Construction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Abolghasem
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Pullout Capacity ◽  
Pullout Strength ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Pull Out Strength

This study aims at providing research information on the pullout capacity of straight and headed-end GFRP bars embedded in bridge deck slab as pre-installed anchors for new bridge barrier-deck construction and as post-installed anchors for the replacement of deteriorated bridge barriers. In Phase I of this research, the pullout capacity of pre-installed ribbed-surface GFRP bars in twin- and triple-bar groups were investigated experimentally, considering different bar size, spacing and embedment depths. In phase II of this research, the pullout capacity of post-installed sand-coated and ribbed-surface GFRP bars were investigated experimentally considering different bar size and embedment depths and adhesive types. The experimental findings were compared with available experimental results and pullout formulas. Design values for the pullout strength of the GFRP bars as pre- and post-installed anchors in concrete were deduced.

scholarly journals Structural Design Issues On GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge Barriers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Tropynina
Keyword(s):  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Bridge Rehabilitation ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Deck Slab

In the era of bridge rehabilitation, glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars are considered an alternative solution to steel reinforcement to eliminate steel corrosion. In this thesis, a new bridge barrier reinforcement layout was proposed incorporating GFRP bars with anchorage heads. However, it was observed that no design provisions or research data in the literature were found to design the anchorage at barrier-deck slab junction. As such, pullout tests were conducted on GFRP bars embedded in concrete slabs, to determine their pullout strength. Also, testing to-collapse of full-scale bridge barrier under static loading was conducted to determine its load carrying capacity. In addition, finite element analysis of the barrier wall and deck slab portion was performed in order to examine the level of accuracy of the specified factored applied moments due to vehicle impact at the barrier-deck junction. The experimental findings qualified the proposed GFRP-reinforced barrier detailing when subjected to simulated vehicle impact loading.

scholarly journals Behavior of Hollow Core Slabs Reinforced with GFRP Prestressing Bars

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1796-1803
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Distributed Load ◽  
Uniformly Distributed Load ◽  
Gfrp Bar

An experimental program was designed to study the behavior of full-scale hollow core slabs prestressed with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars in the concrete laboratory at the college of engineering, Mataria, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. The hollow core slabs were load-tested under uniformly distributed load. The GFRP bars were manufactured from locally available materials with a 10 mm nominal diameter. To improve the bond properties between the bars and concrete, GFRP threads were axially wrapped around the bars manually. The mechanical properties of the bars were investigated in the laboratory. The bars average ultimate tensile strength (fu) and elastic modulus (E) were 1000 MPa and 46 GPa, respectively. Four full-scale concrete hollow core slab specimens with characteristic strength of 80 MPa were constructed and solely reinforced with a single prestressed GFRP bar. Each slab specimen represented one complete vent with a width of 140 mm, 150 mm thickness and 4000 mm total length. These specimens were simply supported during the experiments where the GFRP bar was placed at the centerline of the vent near the soffit. The Bars were prestressed to different stress levels, namely (10, 20, 30 and 40%) of their ultimate tensile strength (fu). All slab specimens were load-tested under uniformly distributed load. The deflection, strain and crack pattern were investigated during load-testing. From the obtained results, it was observed that the optimum prestressing level was 20% of the ultimate tensile strength of the bar for both the moment carrying capacity and the deformation.

scholarly journals Structural Design Issues On GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge Barriers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Tropynina
Keyword(s):  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Bridge Rehabilitation ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Deck Slab

In the era of bridge rehabilitation, glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars are considered an alternative solution to steel reinforcement to eliminate steel corrosion. In this thesis, a new bridge barrier reinforcement layout was proposed incorporating GFRP bars with anchorage heads. However, it was observed that no design provisions or research data in the literature were found to design the anchorage at barrier-deck slab junction. As such, pullout tests were conducted on GFRP bars embedded in concrete slabs, to determine their pullout strength. Also, testing to-collapse of full-scale bridge barrier under static loading was conducted to determine its load carrying capacity. In addition, finite element analysis of the barrier wall and deck slab portion was performed in order to examine the level of accuracy of the specified factored applied moments due to vehicle impact at the barrier-deck junction. The experimental findings qualified the proposed GFRP-reinforced barrier detailing when subjected to simulated vehicle impact loading.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of glass fibers – polymers (epoxy) bars (GFRP) reinforced concrete for structural applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Saeed Alkjk ◽  
Rafee Jabra ◽  
Salem Alkhater
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Reinforce Concrete ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Steel Bars ◽  
Deflection Test

Abstract The paper presents some of the results from a large experimental program undertaken at the Department of Civil Engineering of Damascus University. The project aims to study the ability to reinforce and strengthen the concrete by bars from Epoxy polymer reinforced with glass fibers (GFRP) and compared with reinforce concrete by steel bars in terms of mechanical properties. Five diameters of GFRP bars, and steel bars (4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm) tested on tensile strength tests. The test shown that GFRP bars need tensile strength more than steel bars. The concrete beams measuring (15cm wide × 15cm deep × and 70cm long) reinforced by GFRP with 0.5 vol.% ratio, then the concrete beams reinforced by steel with 0.89 vol.% ratio. The concrete beams tested on deflection test. The test shown that beams which reinforced by GFRP has higher deflection resistance, than beams which reinforced by steel. Which give more advantage to reinforced concrete by GFRP.

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