scholarly journals Modelling Low Impact Development Potential With Urban Hydrological Response Units

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Eric
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hydrological Response Unit ◽  
Final Cluster

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a methodology for hydrological modelling the performance of Low Impact Development technologies using an Urban Hydrological Response Unit approach. The K-Means Cluster Analysis procedure was carried out to create clusters of lot parcels which represented the Urban Hydrological Response Units. Different sampling methods were used to select lots from each of the clusters to model before and after Low Impact Development implementation. The runoff response (m3) of an approximate final cluster centre was used to calculate the total runoff (m3) of each cluster. After adding the total runoff (m3) for a group of 15 clusters, the benchmark runoff value (m3) from modelling all lots was closely approached with and without Low Impact Development. A random sample of 7 % and 90 % of lots from each cluster for a group of three clusters closely approached the benchmark runoff value (m3) for both no Low Impact Development and Low Impact Development respectively.

scholarly journals Modelling Low Impact Development Potential With Urban Hydrological Response Units

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Eric
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hydrological Response Unit ◽  
Final Cluster

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a methodology for hydrological modelling the performance of Low Impact Development technologies using an Urban Hydrological Response Unit approach. The K-Means Cluster Analysis procedure was carried out to create clusters of lot parcels which represented the Urban Hydrological Response Units. Different sampling methods were used to select lots from each of the clusters to model before and after Low Impact Development implementation. The runoff response (m3) of an approximate final cluster centre was used to calculate the total runoff (m3) of each cluster. After adding the total runoff (m3) for a group of 15 clusters, the benchmark runoff value (m3) from modelling all lots was closely approached with and without Low Impact Development. A random sample of 7 % and 90 % of lots from each cluster for a group of three clusters closely approached the benchmark runoff value (m3) for both no Low Impact Development and Low Impact Development respectively.

Modeling low impact development potential with hydrological response units

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2382-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Eric ◽  
Celia Fan ◽  
Darko Joksimovic ◽  
James Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
Hydrological Response Unit ◽  
Management Techniques

Evaluations of benefits of implementing low impact development (LID) stormwater management techniques can extend up to a watershed scale. This presents a challenge for representing them in watershed models, since they are typically orders of magnitude smaller in size. This paper presents an approach that is focused on trying to evaluate the benefits of implementing LIDs on a lot level. The methodology uses the concept of urban hydrological response Unit and results in developing and applying performance curves that are a function of lot properties to estimate the potential benefit of large-scale LID implementation. Lot properties are determined using a municipal geographic information system database and processed to determine groups of lots with similar properties. A representative lot from each group is modeled over a typical rainfall year using USEPA Stormwater Management Model to develop performance functions that relate the lot properties and the change in annual runoff volume and corresponding phosphorus loading with different LIDs implemented. The results of applying performance functions on all urban areas provide the potential locations, benefit and cost of implementation of all LID techniques, guiding future decisions for LID implementation by watershed area municipalities.

scholarly journals The model and simulation of low impact development of the sponge airport, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Peng ◽  
Jiayi Ouyang ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
Xinchen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Model And Simulation ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Airport Runway

Abstract Recently urban waterlogging problems have become more and more serious, and the construction of an airport runway makes the impervious area of the airport high, which leads to the deterioration of the water environment and frequent waterlogging disasters. It is of great significance to design and construct the sponge airport with low impact development (LID) facilities. In this paper, we take catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing International Airport as a case study. The LID facilities are designed and the runoff process of a heavy rainfall in catchment N1 is simulated before and after the implementation of LID facilities. The results show that the total amount of surface runoff, the number of overflow junctions and full-flow conduits of the rainwater drainage system in catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing International Airport are significantly reduced after the implementation of the LID facilities. Therefore, the application of LID facilities has greatly improved the ability of the airport to remove rainwater and effectively alleviated the risk of waterlogging in the airport flight area. This study provides theoretical support for airport designers and managers to solve flood control and rainwater drainage problems and has vital practical significance.

Impact of Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR) Implementation on Customer Satisfaction in E-Commerce Companies

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Gutama Kusse Getele ◽  
Arrive Tsitaire Jean
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Before And After

The objective of this article is to analyse the implementation of BPR in e-commerce platforms by measuring the level of customer satisfaction. The issues tested involve: how customers perceive the BPR objectives in e-commerce platforms; time used for diverse transactions before and after BPR; awareness and usage of BPR services provided by e-commerce platforms; satisfaction about the e-commerce platform services after BPR; BPR impact on customers, employees and e-commerce platform performance; advantages of BPR in e-commerce platforms and; difficulties faced by the customers after BPR in the e-commerce platform. Primary data was used through a survey questionnaire on a random sample of 402 student customers of Taobao and JD.com. The results found that time saving is significantly positive on implementation of BPR; following customers perceived a better quality of customer service. The sample student customers perceived that the BPR has a greater impact on customers than on employees, as well as on the performance of a platform.

Differential Aging: An Exploratory Approach Using Cluster Analysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Ford ◽  
Rex Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Aging Well ◽  
Well Elderly ◽  
Over Time

This article uses cluster analysis to identify different patterns of personal resources within a random sample of the well, elderly population. Ten such patterns or natural groupings are identified and their implications for coping and successful aging are discussed. It is apparent that there are a number of ways both of aging well and aging badly, and that these patterns cannot be predicted solely on the basis of structural data. The article poses a number of questions on the performance of cluster members over time and draws attention to the importance of longitudinal data.

scholarly journals Manajemen Fatigue melalui Kombinasi Aerobik dengan Relaksasi Yoga pada Penderita Kanker Payudara dalam Program Kemoterapi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taukhid
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
History Of

Background : Fatigue is feeling tired physically, psychologically, cognitively perceived cancer patients while undergoing therapies for the disease, including chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the level of fatigue in cancer patients between before and after aerobic exercise combined with relaxation techniques of yoga. Methods :  This study used Quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group in patients with breast cancer in the course of chemotherapy. The sampling methods used purposive sampling. The fatigue level was collected by subjective instruments Pipper Fatigue Scale (PFS), and then analyzed by the Independent and Dependent T test, and multivariate analysis used linear regression with a significance value of α 0.05. Results :  There were differences in the level of fatigue post-test between the intervention group and the control group with a difference of 1.25 (p = 0.013). History of previous exercise may explain the 17.8% level of fatigue that occurs in patients with breast cancer in the course of chemotherapy, the rest was explained by other variables. Conclusion : There were a decrease in the level fatigue statistically, however clinically the level of fatigue remain the same catagories.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Low Impact Development and Nature-Based Solutions for stormwater management: a fully distributed modelling approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangzi Qiu ◽  
Abdellah Ichiba ◽  
Igor Da Silva Rocha Paz ◽  
Feihu Chen ◽  
Pierre-Antoine Versini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Porous Pavement

Abstract. Currently, Low Impact Development (LID) and Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) are widely accepted as sustainable approaches for urban stormwater management. However, their complex impacts depend on the urban environmental context as well as the small-scale heterogeneity, which need to be assessed by using the fully distributed hydrological model and high resolution data at small scale. In this paper, a case study (Guyancourt), located in the South-West of Paris, was explored. Three sets of high resolution X-band radar data were applied to investigate the impact of variability of spatial distribution of rainfall. High resolution geographic information has been processed to identify the suitable areas that can be covered by the LID/NBS practices, porous pavement, green roof, and rain garden. These individual practices, as well as the combination of the three, were implemented as scenarios in a fully distributed and physically-based Multi-Hydro model, which takes into consideration the variability of the whole catchment at 10 m scale. The performance of LID/NBS scenarios are analysed with two indicators (total runoff volume and peak discharge reduction), with regards to the hydrological response of the original catchment (baseline scenario). Results are analysed with considering the coupling effect of the variability of spatial distributions of rainfall and land uses. The performance of rain garden scenario is better than scenario of green roof and porous pavement. The most efficient scenario is the combination of the three practices that can reduce total runoff volume up to 51 % and peak discharge up to 53 % in the whole catchment, and the maximum values of the two indictors in three sub-catchments reach to 60 % and 61 % respectively. The results give credence that Multi-Hydro is a promising model for evaluating and quantifying the spatial variability of hydrological responses of LID/NBS practices, because of considering the heterogeneity of spatial distributions of precipitation and land uses. Potentially, it can guide the decision-making process of the design of LID/NBS practices in urban planning.

Scaled Fuzzy Graph for Cluster Analysis in DNA Sequence of Olfactory Receptors

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Satya Ranjan Dash ◽  
Satchidananda Dehuri ◽  
Uma Kant Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Olfactory Receptors ◽  
Fuzzy Graph ◽  
Before And After

Olfactory receptors (ORs) are responsible for recognition of odor molecules. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences of these receptors are severely affected by local mutations. Therefore, to study the changes among affected and non-affected ORs, the authors attempted to use unsupervised learning (clustering) algorithm. In this paper, they have used a scaled fuzzy graph model for clustering to study the changes before and after the local mutation on DNA sequences of ORs. Their simulation study at the fractional dimensional level confirms its accuracy.

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