scholarly journals Nitrogen mineralization and phosphorus solubilization due to rewetting of forest and paddy soils

2010 ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
Marco Rodel Aragon ◽  
Victor Asio
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Available P ◽  
Total N ◽  
Phosphorus Solubilization ◽  
P Solubilization ◽  
Drying And Rewetting ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Water Extractable

Rewetting of soils may cause an increase in phosphorus solubilization and nitrogen mineralization resulting in the release of bioavailable phosphates and nitrates which are vital for crop growth but are also associated with eutrophication of surface waters. The study was conducted to evaluate P solubilization and N mineralization due to drying and rewetting of forest and paddy soils under laboratory conditions. Forest and paddy soils were tested for water extractable P and mineralizable N (NH4+ and NO3–) after being subjected to drying and rewetting cycles for 7 and 14 days of drying. Soil samples were also analyzed for pH, OM, total N, total P, available P, and clay contents. Results indicated a significant increase in water-extractable P and total mineralized N for all the samples tested. N mineralization and P solubilization were correlated with OM, total N, available P, and clay. Findings also revealed that NH4+ concentration increased while that of NO3– decreased significantly for all the samples tested. The amounts of water-extractable P and NO3– released due to rewetting could potentially accelerate eutrophication if transported to bodies of water. They could also however benefit the growing plant.

scholarly journals Impact of the addition of different plant residues on carbon–nitrogen content and nitrogen mineralization–immobilization turnover in a soil incubated under laboratory conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3051-3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Abbasi ◽  
M. M. Tahir ◽  
N. Sabir ◽  
M. Khurshid
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
N Transformations ◽  
Total N

Abstract. Application of plant residues as soil amendment may represent a valuable recycling strategy that affects on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, soil properties improvement and plant growth promotion. The amount and rate of nutrient release from plant residues depend on their quality characteristics and biochemical composition. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted for 120 days under controlled conditions (25 °C and 58% water filled pore space (WFPS)) to quantify initial biochemical composition and N mineralization of leguminous and non-leguminous plant residues i.e. the roots, shoots and leaves of Glycine max, Trifolium repens, Zea mays, Poplus euramericana, Rubinia pseudoacacia and Elagnus umbellate incorporated into the soil at the rate of 200 mg residue N kg−1 soil. The diverse plant residues showed wide variation in total N, carbon, lignin, polyphenols and C/N ratio with higher polyphenol content in the leaves and higher lignin content in the roots. The shoot of G. max and the shoot and root of T. repens displayed continuous mineralization by releasing a maximum of 109.8, 74.8 and 72.5 mg N kg−1 and representing a 55, 37 and 36% of added N being released from these resources. The roots of G. max and Z. mays and the shoot of Z. mays showed continuous negative values throughout the incubation showing net immobilization. After an initial immobilization, leaves of P. euramericana, R. pseudoacacia and E. umbellate exhibited net mineralization by releasing a maximum of 31.8, 63.1 and 65.1 mg N kg−1, respectively and representing a 16, 32 and 33% of added N being released. Nitrogen mineralization from all the treatments was positively correlated with the initial residue N contents (r = 0.89; p ≤ 0.01), and negatively correlated with lignin content (r = −0.84; p ≤ 0.01), C/N ratio (r = −0.69; p ≤ 0.05), lignin/N ratio (r = −0.68; p ≤ 0.05), polyphenol/N ratio (r = −0.73; p ≤ 0.05) and ligin + polyphenol/N ratio (r = −0.70; p ≤ 0.05) indicating a significant role of residue chemical composition and quality in regulating N transformations and cycling in soil. The present study indicates that incorporation of plant residues strongly modify the mineralization-immobilization turnover (MIT) of soil that can be taken into account to develop synchronization between net N mineralization and crop demand in order to maximize N delivery and minimize N losses.

Nitrogen mineralization characteristics of forest floor organic matter on slash-burned sites in coastal British Columbia

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
J. W. Fyles ◽  
I. H. Fyles ◽  
M. C. Feller
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Total N ◽  
Potentially Mineralizable N ◽  
N Fertility ◽  
Low K ◽  
Floor Material

Nitrogen mineralization characteristics of the dominant types of organic matter in the forest floor of slash-burned sites were measured using a 26-week aerobic incubation. Six classes of forest floor material were distinguished on the basis of morphology and N mineralization characteristics. Fermentation layer materials, matted together with fungal hyphae, had a high content of total and potentially mineralizable N (N0) (7804 and 2816 μg/g, respectively) and mineralized the most N during incubation (1605 μg/g). Decayed wood had the lowest level of total N (1816 μg/g) and N0 (195 μg/g) and mineralized the least N (266 μg/g) despite a high inherent mineralization rate (k) (0.16). Humified materials (Hd and Hr) occupied a midrange, with the exception of those from thin residual horizons, which had high N0 values (2246–6009 μg/g) and low k-values (0.005–0.012). The significant differences in N mineralization among organic materials that are morphologically or ecologically distinct in the field suggest that it may be possible to assess site N fertility using intensive forest floor and soil survey data and information on the N characteristics of dominant horizon types.

Depletion, accumulation and availability of soil phosphorus in the Askov long-term field experiment

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musibau O. Azeez ◽  
Gitte Holton Rubæk ◽  
Ingeborg Frøsig Pedersen ◽  
Bent T. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Available P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Application ◽  
Plant Available P ◽  
Water Extractable

Soil phosphorus (P) reserves, built up over decades of intensive agriculture, may account for most of the crop P uptake, provided adequate supply of other plant nutrients. Whether crops grown on soils with reduced supply of other nutrients obtain similar use-efficiency of soil P reserves remains unclear. In treatments of the Askov Long-Term Experiment (initiated in 1894 on light sandy loam), we quantified changes in soil total P and in plant-available P (Olsen P, water extractable P and P offtake in wheat grains) when P-depleted soil started receiving P in rock phosphate and when P application to soil with moderate P levels ceased during 1997–2017. Additionally we studied treatments with soil kept unfertilised for >100 years and with soil first being P depleted and then exposed to surplus dressings of P, nitrogen (N) and potassium in cattle manure. For soil kept unfertilised for >100 years, average grain P offtake was 6 kg ha–1 and Olsen P averaged 4.6 mg kg–1, representing the lower asymptotic level of plant-available P. Adding igneous rock phosphate to severely P-depleted soil with no N fertilisation had little effect on Olsen P, water extractable P (Pw), grain yields and P offtake. For soils with moderate levels of available P, withholding P application for 20 years reduced contents of Olsen P by 56% (from 16 to 7 mg P kg–1) and of Pw by 63% (from 4.5 to 1.7 mg P kg–1). However, the level of plant-available P was still above that of unfertilised soil. Application of animal manure to P-depleted soil gradually raised soil P availability, grain yield and P offtake, but it took 20 years to restore levels of plant-available P. Our study suggests symmetry between rates of depletion and accumulation of plant-available P in soil.

Net nitrogen mineralization in typical paddy soils of the Taihu Region of China under aerobic conditions: Dynamics and model fitting

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Li ◽  
Y. Han ◽  
M. Roelcke ◽  
Z. Cai
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Temperature Model ◽  
Total N ◽  
First Order ◽  
Net Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
Pool Model

An efficient nitrogen fertilizer recommendation for plant production depends on the amount of N supplied by the soils. A study to investigate the characteristics of net N mineralization in typical paddy soils in an important rice production area of China was conducted on aerobic soils for 147 d of incubation at 25°C. Results showed that the organic nitrogen mineralized ranged from 40 to 360 mg N kg-1 or from 2.92 to 14.17% of total N. In a partial correlation analysis, the N mineralized was only correlated with total N and alkaline hydrolyzable N. Principal component analysis indicated two types of soil physical and chemical properties, each with different influence on N mineralization. Four models: (1) an effective cumulated temperature model (Temperature model), (2) a one-component, first-order exponential model (One-pool model), (3) a two-component, first-order exponential model (Two-pool model), and (4) a two-component, mixed first- and zero-order exponential model (Special model) were fitted to the measured amounts of N mineralized over time using a non-linear regression procedure. All models gave good fits. Model parameters were compared and correlated with the soil basic properties and nitrogen availability indices. All results showed that the Special model performed a better prediction of net nitrogen mineralization in paddy soils under non-flooded conditions than the other models investigated. Key words: Seasonally flooded soil, aerobic net N mineralization, simulation modeling, nitrogen availability indices

Nitrogen Mineralization in West Indian Soils

1971 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
I. S. Cornforth
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Exchangeable Bases ◽  
Indian Soils

SUMMARYSoil properties influencing N mineralization, and hence the potential N-supplying power of 154 West Indian soils, have been studied. Mineralizable N was correlated with the activity of the soil biomass measured as extractable glucose, with exchangeable bases in base-deficient soils and with total N in soils well supplied with bases, but not with other estimates of the nature of soil organic matter (e.g. extractable chlorophyll or C : N ratio). It is suggested that cation exchange capacity and percentage base saturation may influence the N-supplying power of West Indian soils more than their total N content.

Nitrogen mineralization associated with birch and fir under different soil moisture regimes

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1890-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia A Evans ◽  
Eric K Miller ◽  
Andrew J Friedland
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Total N ◽  
Net Mineralization ◽  
Mixed Species Forest

We examined net nitrogen mineralization rates in forest floor beneath birch-dominated or fir-dominated canopy plots in a high-elevation mixed-species forest in New Hampshire during the 1995 and 1996 growing seasons. Soil moisture was significantly greater in 1996 than in 1995 (season averages were 2.1 times and 1.4 times dry soil mass, respectively). Net mineralization was significantly greater in both plot types in 1996 than in 1995. The magnitude of difference, however, was much greater in fir plots. Nitrification increased in birch plots and significantly decreased in fir plots from 1995 to 1996. Results of a three-way ANOVA showed significant year and species main effects for net mineralization and a significant species × year interaction for nitrification. There were no significant correlations between net N mineralization and measured soil chemistry variables in 1995. In 1996 there were significant positive correlations between total N, and net mineralization and nitrification in birch plots and between soil moisture and net mineralization in fir plots. These results support a growing body of research suggesting that species feedbacks influence rates of net N mineralization in mixed species forests. Further, this study provides novel evidence that rates of net N mineralization may respond differently to changing abiotic conditions depending on the local canopy species in a mixed-species forest.

Decomposition and nitrogen mineralization from green manures intercropped with coffee tree

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Rosileyde Golçalves Siqueira Cardoso ◽  
Adriene Woods Pedrosa ◽  
Mateus Cupertino Rodrigues ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Silva Santos ◽  
Paulo Roberto Cecon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Coffee Tree ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Hyacinth Bean

The knowledge about the rate of decomposition and nitrogen mineralization of green manures provides synchronization with the higher absorption stage by the coffee tree. The rate of decomposition and nitrogen mineralization varies according to the species of green manure and with the environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the decomposition and nitrogen mineralization of two green manures intercropped with coffee trees for three different periods. The experiment was divided into two designs for statistical analysis, one referring to the characterization of plant material (fresh mass, dry matter, dry matter content, nitrogen concentration and accumulation in the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) and hyacinth bean (Dolichos lablab) and another to evaluate the rate of decomposition and N mineralization of these species. The decomposition rate decreased in both species as their growth time increased in the field. The decomposition was influenced by the phenology of green manures. Nitrogen mineralization of the jack bean decreased as the growth period in the field increased and was faster than hyacinth bean only when cut at 60 days. The N mineralization was slower than mass decomposition in both species.

Characterization of basaltic clay soils (vertisols) from the Oxford land system in central Queensland

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 841 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Webb ◽  
AJ Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soils ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Land System ◽  
Group Position ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Native Pasture

Morphological, chemical and physical properties of basaltic clay soils (Vertisols-Usterts and Torrerts) from the Oxford Land System in central Queensland are described and compared over their geographical range of occurrence and also their position in the landscape. These soils are derived from undifferentiated basic lavas and interbedded pyroclastics of Tertiary age. Black earths are the dominant soil group. Position on slope had the biggest influence on depth of soil, with crest and mid-upper slope positions having more shallow (<0.9 m) soils than mid-lower and footslope positions. Soils have very high CEC and clay contents throughout the profile, are mildly alkaline at the surface and strongly so at depth, are non-saline and non-sodic (except in some footslope positions), and have an exchange complex dominated by calcium and magnesium. In the surface 0.1 m, extractable P and Zn, and total N and S levels are low and crop responses to fertilizer are probable. In comparison of 26 paired sites, where areas of native pasture and cultivation occur in close proximity, cultivated soils have lower organic C and total N, P, K and S levels than native pasture soils. This reflects a general decline in soil fertility under cultivation, and has implications for soil management and long-term soil stability.

Carbon and nitrogen mineralization in soil amended with non-tabletized and tabletized poultry manure

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Paré ◽  
H. Dinel ◽  
M. Schnitzer
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
C And N

The recycling of poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) manure (PM) needs to be done in a manner that will not only improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties but also minimize environmental risks. Untreated PM is more difficult to handle and more expensive to apply than granular fertilizers; the application of PM in the form of tablets may be a suitable alternative. It is necessary to determine whether C and N mineralization in tabletized PM (T-PM) differs from non-tabletized PM (NT-PM). Net C and N mineralization from a Brandon loam soil (Typic Endoaquoll) amended with NT-PM and T-PM, were measured in an incubation study at 25 °C. After 60 d of incubation, about 62 and 77% of total PM carbon was mineralized in NT-PM and T-PM amended soils, respectively. Carbon mineralization was not stimulated by the addition of PM tablets containing NPK to soil, while in soils mixed with NT-PM + NPK, soil respiration was reduced. Net N mineralization was similar in soils amended with T-PM and NT-PM, although changes in ammonium (NH4+–N) concentrations during incubation differed. Generally more NH4+–N accumulated in soil amended with T-PM and T-PM + NPK than with NT-PM and NT-PM + NPK The concentrations of nitrate (NO3−–N) did not differ in soils amended with T-PM and NT-PM, indicating a reduction in nitrification and NH4+–N accumulation in soils amended with PM tablets. Key words: Poultry manure, tablets, carbon mineralization, nitrogen mineralization, organic fertilizer

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