Luffa cylindrica Immobilized with Aspergillus terreus QMS-1: an Efficient and Cost-Effective Strategy for the Removal of Congo Red using Stirred Tank Reactor

Microbial populations within the rhizosphere have been considered as prosperous repositories with respect to bioremediation aptitude. Among various environmental contaminants, effluent from textile industries holds a huge amount of noxious colored materials having high chemical oxygen demand concentrations causing ecological disturbances. The study was aimed to explore the promising mycobiome of rhizospheric soil for the degradation of azo dyes to develop an efficient system for the exclusion of toxic recalcitrants. An effluent sample from the textile industry and soil samples from the rhizospheric region of Musa acuminata and Azadirachta indica were screened for indigenous fungi to decolorize Congo red, a carcinogenic diazo dye, particularly known for its health hazards to the community. To develop a bio-treatment process, Aspergillus terreus QMS-1 was immobilized on pieces of Luffa cylindrica and exploited in stirred tank bioreactor under aerobic and optimized environment. Quantitative estimation of Congo red decolorization was carried out using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The effects of fungal immobilization and biosorption on the native structure of Luffa cylindrica were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. A. terreus QMS-1 can remove (92%) of the dye at 100 ppm within 24 h in the presence of 1% glucose and 1% ammonium sulphate at pH 5.0. The operation of the bioreactor in a continuous flow for 12 h with 100 ppm of Congo red dye in simulated textile effluent resulted in 97% decolorization. The stirred tank bioreactor was found to be a dynamic, well maintained, no sludge producing approach for the treatment of textile effluents by A. terreus QMS-1 of the significant potential for decolorization of Congo red.

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Optimization of Continuously Stirred Tank Bioreactor Design for Cost Minimization: Effect of Microbial Species and Operating Conditions

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.2202/1542-6580.1642 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erin E Powell ◽

Gordon A Hill

Keyword(s):

Culture Medium ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Design Strategy ◽

Aeration Rate ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Optimum Operating ◽

Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽

Microbial Species

The operation of continuously stirred tank bioreactors (CSTBs) at minimum cost is a major concern of operators. In this work, a CSTB design strategy is presented where impeller stirring speed and aeration rate are optimized to meet the oxygen demand of growing cells, simultaneously minimizing the capital and operating cost. The operating cost is limited to the cost of utilities. The optimization scheme assumes a given fermentor tank size, and that the properties of the culture medium and the oxygen respiratory requirements of the microorganisms being cultivated are known. It is possible to choose between two different turbine impellers during the design process. The equations, constraints, and the CSTB design strategy employed by the program are described. The effect of microbial species, ions in the culture medium, impeller style, as well as changing CSTB size and biomass input density on the optimum operating conditions, is examined. The mass transfer coefficient, gas holdup, mixing speed, and aeration rate are all reported at optimized cost conditions. A study of the effects of various parameters on the CSTB design are shown.

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Feeding profile is not the sole factor influencing lovastatin production by Aspergillus terreus ATCC20542 in a continuous fed-batch stirred tank bioreactor

Biochemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.bej.2013.10.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 81 ◽

pp. 80-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marta Pawlak ◽

Marcin Bizukojc

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Terreus ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Fed Batch ◽

Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽

Feeding Profile

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“Microbial Wars” in a Stirred Tank Bioreactor: Investigating the Co-Cultures of Streptomyces rimosus and Aspergillus terreus, Filamentous Microorganisms Equipped With a Rich Arsenal of Secondary Metabolites

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/fbioe.2021.713639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Tomasz Boruta ◽

Anna Ścigaczewska ◽

Marcin Bizukojć

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Species Interactions ◽

Aspergillus Terreus ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Streptomyces Rimosus ◽

Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽

Oxygen Levels ◽

Filamentous Microorganisms ◽

Lowering Drug

Microbial co-cultivation is an approach frequently used for the induction of secondary metabolic pathways and the discovery of novel molecules. The studies of this kind are typically focused on the chemical and ecological aspects of inter-species interactions rather than on the bioprocess characterization. In the present work, the co-cultivation of two textbook producers of secondary metabolites, namely Aspergillus terreus (a filamentous fungus used for the manufacturing of lovastatin, a cholesterol-lowering drug) and Streptomyces rimosus (an actinobacterial producer of an antibiotic oxytetracycline) in a 5.5-L stirred tank bioreactor was investigated in the context of metabolic production, utilization of carbon substrates and dissolved oxygen levels. The cultivation runs differed in terms of the applied co-culture initiation strategy and the composition of growth medium. All the experiments were performed in three bioreactors running in parallel (corresponding to a co-culture and two respective monoculture controls). The analysis based upon mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography revealed a broad spectrum of more than 40 secondary metabolites, including the molecules identified as the oxidized derivatives of rimocidin and milbemycin that were observed solely under the conditions of co-cultivation. S. rimosus showed a tendency to dominate over A. terreus, except for the runs where S. rimosus was inoculated into the already developed bioreactor cultures of A. terreus. Despite being dominated, the less aggressive strain still had an observable influence on the production of secondary metabolites and the utilization of substrates in co-culture. The monitoring of dissolved oxygen levels was evaluated as a fast approach of identifying the dominant microorganism during the co-cultivation process.

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Biosynthesis of lovastatin and (+)-geodin by Aspergillus terreus in batch and fed-batch culture in the stirred tank bioreactor

Biochemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.bej.2008.06.022 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 198-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Marcin Bizukojc ◽

Stanislaw Ledakowicz

Keyword(s):

Batch Culture ◽

Aspergillus Terreus ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Fed Batch ◽

Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽

Fed Batch Culture

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Sequential Congo Red Elimination by UASB Coupled to Electrochemical Systems

Water ◽

10.3390/w13213087 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 3087

Author(s):

Itzel Celeste Romero-Soto ◽

Celestino García-Gómez ◽

Luis Humberto Álvarez-Valencia ◽

Edna Rosalba Meza-Escalante ◽

Luis Alonso Leyva-Soto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congo Red ◽

Textile Industry ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Coupled Systems ◽

Uasb Reactor ◽

Anaerobic Sludge ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Recirculation Flow ◽

Electrochemical Systems ◽

Ec Cells

Response surface methodology was investigated to determine the operational parameters on the degradation of Congo red dye (CR) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in two electrochemical systems evaluated individually on effluent pretreated by an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. The UASB reactor was fed with 100 mg L−1 of CR and was operated for 12 weeks at different hydraulic residence times (HRTs) of 12 h, 10 h, and 8 h. Once stabilized at an HRT of 8 h, the effluent was collected, homogenized, and independently treated by electrooxidation (EO) and electrocoagulation (EC) cells. On both electrochemical systems, two electrode pairs were used; solid for EC (Fe and stainless-steel) and mesh electrodes for EO (Ti/PbO2 and Ti), and the effect of intensity (A), recirculation flow rate (mL min−1), and experimental time (min) was optimized on response variables. The maximum efficiencies of sequential systems for COD degradation and CR decolorization were 92.78% and 98.43% by EC and ≥99.84% and ≥99.71% by EO, respectively. Results indicate that the coupled systems can be used in textile industry wastewater treatment for the removal of dyes and the decolorized by-products.

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Open-Source bioreactor controller for bacterial protein expression

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27150v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

George Catalin Marinescu ◽

Roua Gabriela Popescu

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Open Source ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Bacterial Protein ◽

Process Data ◽

Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽

E Coli

Growing microorganisms for laboratory experiments or industrial biotechnological process is an activity which involves the use of bioreactors. Although there are many commercially available equipment, most of them lack the flexibility of an open-source solution. This work proposes a cost effective Arduino based bioreactor controller for growing suspended microbial cells. To exemplify its functionality, this study provides the parts list and schematics necessary to make a functional laboratory scale bench top stirred tank bioreactor. Using the built prototype, an E. coli culture is grown maintaining the preset parameters, protein expression is induced and culture is harvested at preset culture density. Automatically recorded process data shows stable environmental parameters and reliable bacterial growing curve.

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Open-Source bioreactor controller for bacterial protein expression

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27150 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

George Catalin Marinescu ◽

Roua Gabriela Popescu

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Open Source ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Bacterial Protein ◽

Process Data ◽

Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽

E Coli

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Pollution, Toxicity and Carcinogenicity of Organic Dyes and their Catalytic Bio-Remediation

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666191021142026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (34) ◽

pp. 3645-3663 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Muhammad Ismail ◽

Kalsoom Akhtar ◽

M.I. Khan ◽

Tahseen Kamal ◽

Murad A. Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Textile Industry ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Organic Dyes ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Agricultural Runoff ◽

E Coli ◽

Sanitation Services

: Water pollution due to waste effluents of the textile industry is seriously causing various health problems in humans. Water pollution with pathogenic bacteria, especially Escherichia coli (E. coli) and other microbes is due to the mixing of fecal material with drinking water, industrial and domestic sewage, pasture and agricultural runoff. Among the chemical pollutants, organic dyes due to toxic nature, are one of the major contaminants of industrial wastewater. Adequate sanitation services and drinking quality water would eliminate 200 million cases of diarrhea, which results in 2.1 million less deaths caused by diarrheal disease due to E. coli each year. Nanotechnology is an excellent platform as compared to conventional treatment methods of water treatment and remediation from microorganisms and organic dyes. In the current study, toxicity and carcinogenicity of the organic dyes have been studied as well as the remediation/inactivation of dyes and microorganism has been discussed. Remediation by biological, physical and chemical methods has been reviewed critically. A physical process like adsorption is cost-effective, but can’t degrade dyes. Biological methods were considered to be ecofriendly and cost-effective. Microbiological degradation of dyes is cost-effective, eco-friendly and alternative to the chemical reduction. Besides, certain enzymes especially horseradish peroxidase are used as versatile catalysts in a number of industrial processes. Moreover, this document has been prepared by gathering recent research works related to the dyes and microbial pollution elimination from water sources by using heterogeneous photocatalysts, metal nanoparticles catalysts, metal oxides and enzymes.

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